Eating at a slow speed may help reduce hunger, the U.S. researchers said on Monday. Previous research suggests that the ability to control energy intake may be affected by the speed at which we eat, and a high eating rate may damage the relationship between the sensory signals and processes that control how much we eat.
In order to learn more about the link between eating speed and energy intake, researchers examined how eating speed affects calories consumed during a meal in both normal-weight subjects as well as overweight or obese subjects.
In the new study, a group of normal-weight subjects and a group of overweight or obese subjects were asked to consume two meals in a controlled environment. All subjects ate one meal slowly, took small bites, chewed thoroughly, and paused and put the spoon down between bites, and ate a second meal quickly, took large bites, chewed quickly, and did not pause and put the spoon down.
At the conclusion of the study, the researchers found only normal-weight subjects had a statistically significant reduction in caloric consumption by eating slowly. “A lack of statistical significance in the overweight and obese group may be partly due to the fact that they consumed less food during both eating conditions compared to the normal-weight subjects,” Professor Meena Shah said, “it is possible that the overweight and obese subjects felt more self-conscious, and thus ate less during the study.”
Despite the differences in caloric consumption between the normal-weight and overweight and obese subjects, the study found some similarities. Both groups felt less hungry later on after the slow meal than after the fast meal, which indicates that greater hunger suppression（抑制）among both groups could be expected from a meal consumed more slowly. Also, both the normal-weight and overweight or obese groups consumed more water during the slow meal. “The higher water intake during the slow eating condition may have affected food consumption,” said Shah. According to Shah, slowing the speed of eating may help suppress hunger levels and “may even improve the enjoyment of a meal”.
The findings were published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
1.What does the previous study have in common with the new one?
A. There is a link between eating speed and energy intake.
B. Eating at a slow speed may help feel hungry.
C. Eating too fast may damage your stomach.
D. Eating rate may affect processes controlling how much we eat.
2. What should the subjects do during the research?
A. Both groups could totally eat the meals at any speed as they liked.
B. Both groups had to consume one meal in controlled eating conditions.
C. Both groups were asked to eat one meal slowly while the other quickly.
D. One group should eat slowly while the other one quickly.
3. What caused the lack of statistically significant reduction in the overweight and obese group?
A. They were told not to eat a lot.
B. In the study they had no appetite to eat.
C. They lost consciousness in the study.
D. They ate less food on purpose.
4. What is the passage mainly about?
A. New research findings about how to control eating rate.
B. A study about the link between eating speed and energy intake.
C. One may feel less hungry later on after the slow meal than after the fast meal.
D. Water intake may have affected food consumption.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy – they’re given after all. Choices can be hard.
I got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had just turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I should go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.
I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but finally, I decided I had to give it a shot. I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision not to try at all.
After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.
1.What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?
A. His dream of being an inventor.
B. The support of his wife.
C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.
D. Millions of exciting titles.
2.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?
A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.
B. He would be very excited if he tried it out.
C. He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try.
D. The decision not to try the online bookstore would terrify him.
3.We can know from the passage that _______.
A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the author
B. the author wanted someone else to try the idea
C. the author might not regret if he failed the idea
D. the author might go back to his boss if he failed
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Cleverness and Kindness B. The Starting of Amazon
C. Following My Passion D. We Are What We Choose
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Guide to Stockholm University Library
Our library offers different types of studying places and provides a good studying environment.
Zones
The library is divided into different zones. The upper floor is a quiet zone with over a thousand places for silent reading, and places where you can sit and work with your own computer. The reading places consist mostly of tables and chairs. The ground floor is the zone where you can talk. Here you can find sofas and armchairs for group work.
Computers
You can use your own computer to connect to the wi-fi specially prepared for notebook computers; you can also use library computers, which contain the most commonly used applications, such as Microsoft Office. They are situated in the area known as the Experimental Field on the ground floor.
Group-study Places
If you want to discuss freely without disturbing others, you can book a study room or sit at a table on the ground floor. Some study rooms are for 2-3 people and others can hold up to 6-8 people. All rooms are marked on the library maps.
There are 40 group-study rooms that must be booked via the website. To book, you need an active University account and a valid University card. You can use a room three hours per day, nine hours at most per week.
Storage of Study Material
The library has lockers for students to store course literature. When you have obtained at least 40 credits, you may rent a locker and pay 400 SEK for a year’s rental period.
Rules to be Followed
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library. Keep your phone on silent as if you were in a lecture and exit the library if you need to receive calls.
Please note that food and fruit are forbidden in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.
1.Library computers on the ground floor .
A. help students with their field experiments
B. contain software essential for schoolwork
C. are for those who want to access the wi-fi
D. are mostly used for filling out application forms
2.A student can rent a locker in the library if he .
A. can afford the rental fee
B. attends certain courses
C. has nowhere to put his books
D. has earned the required credits
3.What should NOT be brought into the library?
A. Mobile phones. B. Orange juice.
C. Candy. D. Sandwiches.
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
The story began with a young mother who had three sons. Unfortunately, the youngest son developed slow thinking skills, not having the intelligence of his brothers.
With double duty as the mother of the household, she was exhausted, so that the youngest was often the target of anger and annoyance. Bad words, such as “you little fool” and the like, served as a daily meal for the youngest.
The words and curses he got from the mother and ridicule from friends convinced him that he was distressing and embarrassing his family. Every morning he woke up with his own face staring from the mirror reflection, he started to say quietly and sadly, “The fool is going to school.”
As adult citizens, there was compulsory military service which should be lived. Thus, the youngest son also signed up and started to follow the various tests: a medical, physical ability test and other tests. On the day of the announcement, he was called into the board of examiners.
In his mind, he convinced himself that he was the fool and couldn’t pass the tests this time as he entered the room with his head down. It was not expected at all. The tests turned out to have the highest praise from the board of examiners.
“Congratulations, young man! Your test results are incredible! You are really a great and talented young man. ”Words from the board of examiners became the discovery of a new side of himself that was not known in advance. Voice kept echoing in his mind, such as “I, the great man, am in the shower”, “The great man washes his face”, “The talented young man again brushes his teeth” and so on. Confidence and improved self-image came beyond usual.
20 years later, the youngest established himself as a successful businessman who was admired and respected, and received many awards.
The mindset and belief are the power behind the success that is within us. Whatever we think and believe in or minds continuously, it will eventually materialize in reality. That’s the universally applicable law.
1.Why was the youngest often scolded by his mother?
A. He was not as clever as his brothers.
B. He considered himself to be a fool.
C. He didn’t behave himself at school.
D. He didn’t cook meals for his mother.
2.From the story we know that the young mother is ____.
A. selfish and lazy
B. gentle and caring
C. ill-tempered and impatient
D. kind-hearted and diligent
3.What happened to the youngest son later on?
A. He received aid from others.
B. He became an admirable psychologist.
C. He became confident and successful.
D. He developed strange mental diseases.
4. From this passage, the author tells us that____.
A. military service can change a person completely
B. mothers’ attitude toward children is important
C. even a fool can become a successful businessman
D. think big and you will get big results
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Although many Chinese students say that their knowledge of English grammar is good, most would admit that their spoken English is poor. Whenever I speak to a Chinese student, they always say, “My spoken English is poor.” 1. I would like to suggest that there may be some reasons for their problems with spoken English.
First, they fail to find suitable words to express themselves due to a limited vocabulary. 2. However, you can speak with a limited vocabulary, if you choose a positive attitude. Others will follow you as long as you use the words that you know.
3. Sometimes they make mistakes when they are speaking because they are shy and nervous. Yet students should remember that their goal should be FLUENCY NOT ACCURACY. Your aim in writing is to be accurate following the rules for grammar and using them to get your message across. But to talk to someone in English, as quickly and well as you can, even though sometimes you may use a wrong word or tense, but it doesn’t matter. 4.
The third reason is that not enough attention is paid to listening. You have one mouth but two ears! All the hearing is necessary for you to start speaking.
Fourth, most Chinese students are reactive rather than proactive(主动的) language learners. Instead of actively seeking out opportunities to improve their spoken English they passively wait for speaking opportunities to come to them and wonder why their English always remains poor. 5.
A. Second, they are afraid of making mistakes.
B. They may try to avoid making similar mistakes next time.
C. Obviously the better answer is to expand their vocabulary.
D. However, their spoken English does not have to remain “poor”!
E. The second reason lies in the reluctance (不愿) of using what has just been learned.
F. The person you are speaking to will understand you and make allowances for any mistakes he hears.
G. If you have this proactive outlook, then you will see English opportunities wherever you go.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C, D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Americans prefer to try every way to have fun, for example, they drive their own cars, some even tow （拖）a small boat after vehicle. They start from Los Angeles, California under sun, ________ through four or five hundred miles to go to La Fulin, Colorado to spend weekends while Chinese people are still ________ with work, and have dinner at home together with families in weekends or ________ time watching TV.
The difference is mainly due to cultural customs and traditions ________the two countries. It is said that Chinese people are living for others, while Americans are for ________ . When Chinese people come to the United States, they fight for ________ first, and then desperately make money after they are recognized by others. It seems that, the purpose to earn money is not to enjoy life, ________ for their following generations: sons and daughters and even grandchildren. Chinese people prefer to save money ________ emergency, such as illness. Although Chinese people with 49 in the United States don’t need to worry about their own social welfare and health insurance, they work still very hard, as they hope that they can ________ more money.
Chinese people’s interest is in the amount on the passbook（存折）, so they spend ________ money usually. Most of Chinese are very thrifty（节约的）, and they are ________ to spend money, but there are exceptions. They are willing to spend money on their ________. Many Chinese people think that, they endure（容忍）many ________ , so they wish that their children could live much better. Therefore, in the United States elementary schools, you can see that those who ________ the best, with more pocket money are Chinese students. In contrast, American children dress very simply, with just a little pocket money.
________ Chinese, Americans believe in living for themselves. They do everything for their own. ________ , they earn money to enjoy a ________ life, and pursue a higher quality of life. As for their own parents or children, they think that parents have their own pension and social welfare, and children should live a(n) ________ life when they are 18 years old. So they could boldly spend money on themselves. ________ , Americans save little money. In the street, it is easy for Chinese to take out 300-400 dollars, but it is hard to say for Americans.
1.A. running B. driving C. going D. walking
2.A. boring B. pleasant C. busy D. angry
3.A. spend B. take C. cost D. pay
4.A. through B. for C. among D. between
5.A. themselves B. theirs C. them D. others
6.A. survival B. remainder C. existence D. material
7.A. or B. nor C. but D. and
8.A. in possession of B. on account of C. in spite of D. in case of
9.A. identity B. force C. fame D. power
10.A. borrow B. give C. use D. save
11.A. large B. few C. much D. little
12.A. easy B. reluctant C. willing D. happy
13.A. children B. relatives C. parents D. friends
14.A. hardships B. problems C. difficulties D. sufferings
15.A. match B. decorate C. dress D. wear
16.A. Different from B. Interested in C. Similar to D. Thanks to
17.A. Otherwise B. However C. Therefore D. Since
18.A. better B. well C. good D. rich
19.A. single B. independent C. different D. comfortable
20.A. In that case B. As a whole C. In this way D. As a result
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
British families started going on holiday to the seaside around the middle of the 19th century. The __1. (invent) of the railways made this possible. The first holiday makers 2. (be) quite rich and went for their health and education. The seaside was a place to cure people of illness. And doctors recommended bathing in the sea and drinking sea water. At that time ordinary working people had very little time off work. 3. , in 1871 the government introduced four “Bank Holidays”, that is national holidays. This allowed people 4. (have) a day or two out now and then, 5. gave them a taste for leisure and seaside. At first, they went on a day trip, taking advantage 6. special trip tickets on the railways. By the 1880s, 7. (rise) incomes meant that many ordinary workers and their families could have holiday at the seaside. Welfare was reduced and cheap hotels 8. (build) for them. Holiday makers enjoy 9. (sit) on the beach, bathing in the sea and eating ice cream. Cheap entertainment was on offer and holiday makers went to have fun. Today 10. English seaside remains popular with more than 18 million holidays taken there each year.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
单词拼写
1.It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as _________(流利) as a native speaker.
2.She appeared to be angry. ________(实际上), she was pleased.
3.In some places there are many laws against ________(cruel) to animals.
4.You may be ________(admit) to Beijing University next year if you make full efforts.
5.He was just unable to satisfy his daughter’s _______(curious).
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
完成句子
1.李明是由爷爷奶奶养大的。
Li Ming _____ ______ _____ by his grandparents.
2.王老师负责这个班级。
Mr. Wang is _____ _____ _____ the class.
3.如今，他的表现受到老师和同学的高度赞扬。
Nowadays, his performance _______ _______ ________ _______ by his teachers and classmates.
4.他没有灰心，而是全身心地投入到了学习中去。
He ______ ______ ______ and devoted himself to his studies.
5.这个国家经历了太多的战争。
This country has _____ _____ too many wars.
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改: 在错词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Nowadays, the majority of students prefer to using electronic dictionaries because they considered electronic dictionaries smart and convenient to carry. Besides, it has many other potential function, such as taking photos, calculating, playing music, getting on line and play games. However, others hold total different views, saying printed dictionaries are equipped with a large vocabulary. And more detailed examples are given when the electronic dictionaries provide limited information. However, the printed dictionaries cost much less than electronic ones. Personally, I prefer electronic dictionary because it not only serve as a dictionary but also a calendar, media player, camera and timekeeper.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
书面表达
假如你叫李华，是一名中学生。家乡的古刹历史悠久，闻名遐迩，游客如织，你为此而自豪。但你最近很苦恼，因为有些人打起了古刹的主意，想把它拆掉建成工厂。为保护古刹，你给某英语报社写一封信，提出以下几点建议：
1. 限制游客数量以保护古刹；2. 建立网站，供人们网上欣赏；3. 另选其他地点建立工厂。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总数。
Dear Editor,
I’m a student. I’ve been proud of Gucha, an old temple in my village.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours
Li Hua
难度: 中等查看答案及解析