山东省2018-2019学年高一上学期第一次质量检测英语试卷

Who is the greatest teacher in Chinese history? Many people would think of Confucius, whose birthday was September 28. Although he lived over 2,000 years ago, people still remember and respect him for his contribution to the education today.

Confucius lived in the Kingdom of Lu, which lies in Shandong Province. He lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He had a hard childhood. His father died when he was only 3. His mother brought him up. As a child, he had to work to help his mother, but young Confucius didn’t give up studying. He visited many famous teachers and learned music, history, poetry and sports.

Later, he became a teacher and started the first public school in Chinese history. At that time only children from noble families could go to school, but Confucius believed everyone should go to school if they wanted to learn. He had about 3,000 students in his lifetime.

Today, people still follow Confucius’ lessons. He told us that we all have something worthy to be learned. “When I am with three people, one of them must be better than me in some areas. I choose their good qualities and follow them.”

He also taught us that thinking is very important in study. “All study but no thinking makes people puzzled (困惑的). All thinking but no study makes people lazy.”

Confucius is not only a great teacher, but also a famous thinker with wise thoughts about the world and society. His most important teachings are about kindness and good manners. “A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.” he said.

1.Today we still remember Confucius mainly because___________.

A. he lived a poor life in his childhood

B. he had wise thoughts and great views about education

C. he traveled with his students from state to state

D. he lived during the Spring and Autumn Period

2.Confucius learned music, history, poetry and sports __________as a child.

A. by teaching himself at home　　 B. with the help of his mother

C. by going to school　　 D. by visiting many famous teachers

3.The underlined word “noble” in Paragraph 3 has the closest meaning to __________.

A. poor　　 B. bright

C. wealthy　　 D. cute

4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. All study but no thinking makes people puzzled.

B. No one has something worthy to be learned.

C. All thinking but no study makes people lazy.

D. A person should be strict with himself, but be kind to others.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Dear Michael，

How's your vacation？I'm visiting my uncle in Spain. He lives in the sunny and beautiful city of Valencia, in Spain.

Yesterday, I had great fun. My uncle took me to the tomato festival in Bunol, which is just 30 miles away from where my uncle lives. You have probably never heard of this festival before. Neither have I. The tomato festival is called “La Tomatina” in Spanish. It was the biggest and messiest tomato fight in the world. When we first got to the square where the festival took place, it was very crowded with people from all around the world, and many trucks were carrying tomatoes. My uncle told me the crowded people here were around 38,000 and this was more than four times the population of Bunol.

The tomato fight started as soon as the first banger was beaten. Then everyone including me started throwing tomatoes at each other. I took red tomatoes and threw them at anyone that ran，moved，bent down，or turned around. Tomatoes must be squashed(捏扁)before people threw them in order not to hurt anybody.

After a little while, the streets, people and nearby buildings were splashed(溅起)with red. There was no winner in this fight, but we all had fun. As soon as a second banger was beaten, people stopped throwing.

I really had a great time. I wish you were here, too. I hope I hear from you soon. Take care.

From Spain

Linda

1.From the letter，we can know ________________

A. Linda lives in Valencia

B. Linda doesn't want to go to Spain

C. Linda is visiting her uncle in Spain

D. Linda is studying in Spain

2.According to the letter，which statement of the following is NOT true？

A. Bunol is 30 miles away from where Linda's uncle lives.

B. Linda had heard of this festival before.

C. It was the first time Linda had gone to this festival.

D. Linda's uncle took her to the tomato festival in Bunol.

3.What happened when a second banger was beaten?

A. The fight started.

B. The fight stopped.

C. The fight got bigger and bigger.

D. The fight continued again.

4.What is the main idea of this letter？

A. “La Tomatina” is a fun and popular festival in Spain.

B. “La Tomatina” is a day for eating tomatoes.

C. Michael has a great vacation.

D. Linda enjoyed the beautiful city of Valencia.

难度: 简单查看答案及解析

Have you ever heard of e-waste(electric waste,电子垃圾), which can be produced every day? How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one?

Most people just throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.

It’s important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful, depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市矿藏）. The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and people’s health.

Apple, for example, now recycle people’s used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs.

1.Which country produced most e-waste according to the United Nations?

A. America.　　 B. China.

C. Japan.　　 D. Australia

2.What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this passage?

A. protect　　 B. influence

C. improve　　 D. pollute

3.The main purpose of this passage is to_____.

A. prove that e-waste is useless.

B. encourage people to buy more electronic products.

C. advise people to deal with e-waste properly to reduce pollution.

D. Tell us science and technology is developing rapidly.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

It is the injury from breathing cigarettes that has led to the invention of e­cigarettes. Using these cigarettes requires small power from battery and these cigarettes are also available in various flavors and varied nicotine levels. Owing to the fact that the charge from a short cable is required, carrying the electronic cigarettes can't be that easy in some cases. This means that the smoking habits of individuals are in fact controlled! Also，the human body is protected from harmful smoke that is not given off by the electrical version of these New Age cigarettes.

The cigarettes are in a fine pack and they are durable (持久的)! For the first time ever，tobacco smokers do not have to carry matches and lighters which may cause burns to their finger tips and boring holes into their clothes! The result is basic dignity for the smokers because they will not disrespect the non­smokers among them by polluting the air that they breathe. Electronic cigarettes and the packages they come in can also be reused，which means that a lot of money can be saved.

They are environmentally friendly(环保). For starters, this kind of cigarettes cannot be put on unless with a source of an electrical current. This means that rooms and pathways do not, under any circumstances, get filled with smoke just because a smoker passed by! The smoke is done away, meaning the air, even around a smoker, is always fresh! Disposals (处理) for the cigarettes have also been invented so that there are no harmful smoking bits and pieces carelessly thrown away which pollute the environment!

E­cigarettes have made the world a better place at the very least. Those who are addicted to smoking on a regular or even irregular basis can therefore do so responsibly and give better consideration to their health.

1.It's learned from Paragraph 1 that ___________

A. the original smoking habits of smokers are hard to control

B. e­cigarettes have different tastes and nicotine levels

C. the electronic cigarettes are convenient to carry

D. the short cable is used to determine how fully the batteries are charged

2.What's the main idea of Paragraph 3?

A. Why do e­cigarettes produce no smoke.

B. E­cigarettes are environmentally friendly.

C. Why are disposals for the cigarettes invented.

D. E­cigarettes benefit both smokers and non­smokers.

3.According to the author, e­cigarettes _____________

A. matter less to heavy smokers

B. are right alternatives to smokers

C. shouldn't be overvalued

D. should be made cheap

4.What's the purpose of this passage?

A. To introduce an invention.

B. To describe the wide spread of e­cigarettes.

C. To explain the injury from breathing cigarettes.

D. To show how to smoke e­cigarettes.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Nowadays, many people love to travel. It is very common for people to go on a trip at any time.1. Perhaps, the reason for its present popularity is that more people have come to realize the benefits of traveling.

Traveling provides a good many opportunities for fun, adventure and discovery. When we visit other countries, we gain a better understanding of the people living there. We learn their cultures, history and background. We discover the similarities they have with us. 2. It is interesting to learn from people with different backgrounds.

Traveling helps to enrich our lives. 3. When we visit interesting places, we discover and learn many things. We discover new people, surroundings, plants and animals. If we want to make our travel more exciting and challenging, we can plan our own tour and select the specific places we want to visit.

Traveling is refreshing. It is a psychological necessity, especially for people who have stressful jobs.4. Staying at home during the weekend is not enough to make some people feel relaxed.5.It helps them to handle the stress they experience at work better. After the break , they feel more energetic in their work. For many working adults, regular getaways help them keep their energy and enthusiasm they require for their work. Without these breaks, they may suffer from work burnout.

A.Years of hard work finally pay off.

B.We also get to know their differences from us.

C.It increases our knowledge and widens our vision.

D.Some even consider traveling as part of their lifestyle.

E.In today’s society, many people suffer great stress at work.

F.Taking periodic (定期的) trips produces better results for them.

G.It is indeed a joyful thing to share the experience of a special trip with others.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

“I wouldn’t buy that woman a Mother’s Day card, even if my life depended upon it,” said the woman standing by the card shelf at Wal-Mart. I looked up and saw a(n) __ of total disgust and disappointment.

Having been __ at a Florida orphanage (孤儿院) at age four, I never knew what it felt like to have a mother or a father. Never once had I received a hug or a kiss from my parents. That part of my life is a total __.

She looked up, saw me looking at her and __ angrily, “Just what are you looking at, you fool?”

“Sorry Ma’am. I never had a mother, and I was __ by your words.” I reached over and picked up a nice-looking __, opened it and began to read, “Thank you __ for being my mother.”

“Do you think your mother would like that card? Mine would, I think,” I said.

“Do you know what it is like to be yelled at for years, and __ be told that you are loved?” she asked.

“My mother didn’t ___me, let alone shout. She just took me to the orphanage and that’s where I stayed until I grew up,” I replied.

“Don’t you __ her?” she asked.

“Oh, I can’t. She’s my mother. Being a mother is a position to be __, even if she is not a very nice person,” I told her. The woman stood there __ her head.

I looked down at the floor and said, “I know your mother __ have done a lot of things that hurt you. It appears as if you hate her. But I can tell you this from my __ that disliking her, or even hating her, feels nowhere near as __ as never having known a mother at all—good or bad. At least, you feel __. For me, it’s all just a large blank of loneliness inside my heart, and that’s __ I’ll feel until I die.”

The woman stood there for several seconds. __, she reached out, took the card from my hand, smelled it, and placed it in her cart.

After she left, I ___ a nice card for my mother. I took it home, __it, and placed it with the other Mother and Father’s Days cards bought all these years, each marked “Address Unknown”.

1.A. look　　 B. appearance　　 C. impression　　 D. idea

2.A. reduced　　 B. lost　　 C. rescued　　 D. deserted

3.A. pain　　 B. blank　　 C. misfortune　　 D. dark

4.A. required　　 B. stared　　 C. shouted　　 D. refused

5.A. relieved　　 B. annoyed　　 C. disappointed　　 D. shocked

6.A. envelope　　 B. book　　 C. magazine　　 D. card

7.A. simply　　 B. basically　　 C. originally　　 D. mainly

8.A. often　　 B. never　　 C. sometimes　　 D. once

9.A. leave behind　　 B. turn to　　 C. care about　　 D. care of

10.A. hate　　 B. love　　 C. miss　　 D. charge

11.A. expected　　 B. obeyed　　 C. respected　　 D. depended

12.A. raising　　 B. shaking　　 C. dropping　　 D. nodding

13.A. might　　 B. need　　 C. would　　 D. should

14.A. belief　　 B. responsibility　　 C. nature　　 D. experience

15.A. fragile　　 B. lonely　　 C. anxious　　 D. hateful

16.A. nothing　　 B. everything　　 C. anything　　 D. something

17.A. how　　 B. where　　 C. what　　 D. why

18.A. Cheerfully　　 B. Eagerly　　 C. Hesitantly　　 D. Willingly

19.A. turned out　　 B. made out　　 C. worked out　　 D. picked out

20.A. mended　　 B. covered　　 C. signed　　 D. exposed

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过3个）。

Friendship is one of the most important things in everyone’s life. 1. is very difficult to find a better definition(定义) of friendship. A true friend is the person 2.can share all our sadness and all our happiness. In time of trial(尝试) , he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort.

Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very 3.(care) with our choice of a friend. We should 4.(choice) those people with a good character as our friends, but we must try to avoid5.(make) friends with a bad man. Besides, we should forgive their mistakes and try to help them as much 6.possible.

A true friend can always be trusted, loved and respected. If you tell a friend your secrets, he or she 7. not tell others. Friends share their joys 8.unhappiness. They help each other when they are 9.trouble, and cheer each other up when they are sad. 10. most important thing is that a friend always understands you. In conclusion, when you have made a good friend, don’t forget him or her.

难度: 简单查看答案及解析

根据首字母或汉语意思写出正确的单词形式。（每空只写一词）

1.We should develop a good a____________ to life.

2.Parents are all c____________ about their children.

3.I’ve been learning English for 10 years, and I can speak English f___________.

4.English is one of the ____________(官方的) languages used in India.

5.They failed to make a decision, because they d_________ too much with each other.

6.If she doesn’t want to go, nothing you can say will ___________(说服)her.

7.You’ll_____________(逐渐) get better at it--- it’s just a matter of practice.

8.After the operation, he is now______________(恢复)from his illness.

9.John is very r_______________---if he promises to do something, he’ll do it.

10.If you want to improve your English, you should first enrich your____________(词汇量).

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

假如你是某中学的学生Tom。前不久，你参加了全国英语演讲比赛并获得一等奖。请用英语给校刊写一篇文章，谈谈你的体会。内容主要包括：

1.付出才有回报；

2.收获自信和友谊；

3.感激之情。

注意：1词数100左右；

2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Looking back to the National English Speaking Competition I took part 1n several days ago，I have a lot to share with you.

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难度: 困难查看答案及解析