Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand. The traffic light system works just like this: Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria, yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics (抗生素) and causes antibiotic release, and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.
In testing the bandage on mice, the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method. However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments. Moreover, the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.
It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations. Treatment doesn’t have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis, and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity. What’s more, the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what’s happening with the infection, if there’s an infection at all. The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light, including photodynamic therapy or PDT.
We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years, thanks to advances in science — like the nanofiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out, speeding up the healing process. Then there’s the novel bandage for treating burns, which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.
The more work that a bandage can do while it’s protecting a wound, the better. Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we've got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.
1.What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do?
A.Avoid the use of antibiotics. B.Clear out harmful bacteria.
C.Detect bacterial infections. D.Increase treatment options.
2.What is the advantage of the smart bandage?
A.It saves much time and cost. B.It removes the risk of infection.
C.It prevents the bacterial resistance. D.It improves doctor-patient relationship.
3.What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A.Traditional bandages are out of use now.
B.More smart bandages will be developed.
C.Progress in science calls for more research.
D.People are urged to study medical science.
4.What does the text focus on?
A.A successful test on mice. B.A colour-changing bandage.
C.Sensing drug-resistant bacteria. D.Preventing abuse of antibiotics.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
We’ve known that sitting for long periods of time every day has countless health consequences, like a higher risk of heart disease. But now a new study has found that sitting is also bad for your brain.
A study published last week, conducted by Dr. Prabha Siddarth at the University of California, showed that sedentary（久坐的）behavior is associated with reduced thickness of the medial temporal lobe（中颞叶）, a brain area that is critical to learning and memory.
The researchers asked a group of 35 healthy people, ages 45 to 70, about their activity levels and the average number of hours each day spent sitting and then scanned their brains. They found that the subjects who reported sitting for longer periods had the thinnest medial temporal lobes. It means that the more time you spend in a chair the worse it is for your brain health, resulting in possible damage to learning and memory.
What is also interesting is that this study did not find a significant association between the level of physical activity and thickness of this brain area, suggesting that exercise, even severe exercise, may not be enough to protect you from the harmful effects of sitting.
It then surprisingly turned out that you don’t even have to move much to enhance cognition（认知）; just standing will do the trick. For example, two groups of subjects were asked to complete a test while either sitting or standing. Participants are presented with conflicting stimuli（刺激）, like the word “green” in blue ink, and asked to name the color. Subjects thinking on their feet beat those who sat by a 3-milicond margin.
The cognitive effects of severe physical exercise are well known. But the possibility that standing more and sitting less improves brain health could lower the bar for everyone.
I know, this all runs counter to received ideas about deep thought, from our grade school teachers, who told us to sit down and focus, to Rodin’s famous “Thinker,” seated with chin on hand.
They were wrong. You can now all stand up.
1.What can we infer from Paragraphs 3 and 4?
A.Severe exercise can lessen the damage of sitting.
B.Severe exercise can greatly improve our brain health.
C.Sedentary behavior will possibly damage our brain.
D.Brain health has nothing to do with sedentary behavior.
2.What does the underlined word “margin” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.blank. B.edge.
C.decrease. D.difference.
3.What is the received idea about deep thought?
A.Sitting more is good for our mental health.
B.Sitting is better when we think.
C.Exercise more can improve our cognition.
D.We should stand while thinking.
4.The passage mainly tells us ________.
A.people tend to sit while thinking
B.standing more can make our brain healthier
C.physical exercise can improve our brain health
D.sedentary behavior leads to countless health problems
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Our 3-day tour along the South Coast has it all!Stunning landscapes,the Golden Circle,ice caves, the Jokulsarlon Iceberg Lagoon and Northern Lights watching.On the way we see waterfalls, volcanoes,floating icebergs,cliffs,black sand beaches,geysers,hot springs and so much more.There are even options for a glacier hike or a visit to the Secret Lagoon,and during the summer months you can add a boat tour on Jokulsarlon Glacier Lagoon.
Included:Reykjavik pick-up & drop-off,minibus tour,English guidance,2 nights accommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-caving equipment,super jeep ride for some km,specialized guide
to ice cave,entrance fees and northern lights(depending on conditions,visible from Sept-Apr).
Not included:Food is not included on this tour except for breakfasts.The boat trip on the glacier
lagoon is an optional extra(available in the summer months). This sells out very fast, so we recommend you book it when you arrange your tour.
Bring with you:Warm outdoor clothing,waterproof jacket and pants,headwear and gloves.Good hiking boots are essential.
Note:You can always rent strong hiking boots,waterproof jacket and pants in the booking process.
Ice Cave information:Our main cave is"Crystal Ice Cave",but if it is inaccessible we will visit another cave.During the summer months(Apr-Oct),we go to the Katla Ice Cave.If the ice cave is inaccessible,we do a glacier hike instead.
Drop-off information:We drop you off at your hotel sometime between 16:00-19:00 on day three, depending on weather and road conditions.
Contact us:If you have a question about this tour you can use the contact form here below.If you have a general inquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)please click here.
1.What should you pay extra money for during the trip?
A.Minibus tour. B.Glacier hiking.
C.Entrance fees. D.Lunch..
2.If you want to have a boat trip,you_
A.can make it all year around B.don't need to pay extra money
C.must buy waterproof jackets D.had better book the tickets in advance
3.Where does this text most probably come from?
A.A health newspaper. B.A science fiction.
C.A travel website. D.A project handbook.
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
Laurie Santos greeted her Yale University students with slips of paper that explained: No class today.
It was mid-semester (学期). With exams and papers coming, everyone was exhausted and stressed. There was one rule: They couldn’t use the one hour and a quarter of unexpected free time to study, and they had to just enjoy it. Nine students hugged her. Two burst into tears.
Santos, a professor of psychology, had planned to give a lecture about what researchers have learned about how important time is to happiness, but she created a special class on the psychology of living a joyful, meaningful life and she wanted the lessons to stick. All semester, she explained why we think the way we do. Then, she challenged students to use that knowledge to change their own lives.
On that spring afternoon, nearly a quarter of the undergraduate students were enjoying an unexpected break at the same time. No, not just enjoying it-really loving the gift they had been given. Skyler Robinson, a sophomore, had been confused for a moment by all the possibilities it opened up. He felt very, very happy. Then, he took a nap. “That nap,” he said, “was fantastic.”
Santos designed this class after she realized, as the head of a residential college at Yale, that many students were stressed out and unhappy, struggling through long days that seemed to her far more crushing (惨重的) and joyless than her own college years.
Santos said students were most skeptical of the idea that good grades aren’t essential to happiness. And when she joked she was going to teach them that by giving everyone “D”, she was flooded with calls from frightened students and parents. Santos told them she was creating a center for the good life at the college she leads at Yale. As for the good life, she told them they already know how to live it-they just have to practice and put in hard work.
So many students have told her the class changed their lives. “If you’re really grateful, show me that.” she told them. “Change the culture.”
1.What did Santos ask her Yale students to do that day?
A.Study for the coming exams.
B.Enjoy the free time in her class.
C.Apply their way of thinking to life.
D.Realize the importance of time.
2.What does Santos think of her Yale students?
A.They care nothing about grades but happiness.
B.They are stressed into a hopeless generation.
C.They are living a joyful and meaningful life.
D.They suffer great pressure from learning.
3.How was Santos’ special class that day?
A.Popular. B.Discouraging.
C.Humorous. D.dull
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Yale has a special course about social life.
B.Yale teaches its students about good grades.
C.Yale has a course all about living happily.
D.Yale helps its students reduce learning pressure.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jack 在网上看到了中国学生疫情中做家务的照片，发来邮件想了解你的相关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1. 你做的家务；
2. 家人的态度；
3. 你的感受。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jack,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes,
Yours,
Li Hua
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Music most likely isn’t the largest reason motivating where you choose to dine. 1. And according to Nations Restaurant News, if they aren’t thinking about music, they should be.
In a recent post about music’s role in restaurant design, author Mark Brandau details the different ways sound influences sales, how different times of the day call for their own soundtrack and how restaurants cater to certain diners. Here are a few “notes” to keep in mind the next time you need to pick a restaurant:
It’s someone’s job to build playlists. Restaurant owners hire experts to build music playlists which don’t include commercials and need to be scored. These paid-for playlists are required for different times of the day. 2.
What you hear at lunch won’t be what you hear at dinner. And what you hear after dinner will be something entirely different. 3. In that case, soft music maybe key to helping them create the atmosphere.
You probably have heard some songs before. 4. Ambiance Radio offers playlists for Little Greek, in Florida. and also Schlotzsky’s and Union Square Café, in New York City. Vojnovic, who started his career at Chili’s, said that years ago, instrumental tapes of background music were changed only once per quarter.
5. Brandau explains that some restaurants prefer to pump up the volume (音量), not to annoy certain groups of customers, but to stay true to their main guests. If college students are a restaurant’s target consumers, the restaurant may deliberately pay music older crowds consider uninviting.
A.Music builds restaurants’ brands.
B.Music helps restaurants choose diners.
C.Some restaurants aim to increase late-night business.
D.Restaurants maybe using the same music providers.
E.You go to a certain restaurant due to its various songs.
F.Therefore, there’s enough variety to avoid repeating songs.
G.However, restaurant owners put much thought into what they play in their restaurants.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Rhemy Elsey, a fifth-grader, is deaf and mainly uses sign language to communicate, along with the ______ of an interpreter. Some of his fellow fifth-graders decided to ______ their break once a week to form an American Sign Language club in order to chat more ______ with Rhemy.
It’s been a few months since the club was ______ and his classmates’ participation has _______ Rhemy. “It’ s like they want to be like me” he said.
Though Rhemy signs to communicate with others. he has cochlear implants（耳蜗植入）that help him ______. His interpreter, Tammy Arvin, ______ the club, which meets every Wednesday. So far, the club members have learned basic ____ in different topics including school, food and clothing.
Arvin who accompanies him during school said that ______ the club’s formation, not only was it difficult for students to communicate directly with Rhemy, his use of an interpreter also led to ______ challenges for him. “It can be really ______ for deaf kids from a social and emotional standpoint to have an interpreter ____ them around all day long,” Arvin said. So when the other students expressed interest in an ASL club, Arvin was ______.
The club has already had an effect on the way the students ______ with Rhemy. The ______ can have more natural conversations which make Rhemy feel less isolated(孤立的). And the students are also ______ a very important culture.
“They don’t necessarily realize they’ are learning…about deaf culture by ____ this club,” Arvin said. “It ______ gives them a perspective on this other ______ that they previously weren’t aware of, so they’re ______ greatly just in terms of learning about diversity and having a broader perspective on the world around them.
1.A.role B.help C.idea D.need
2.A.give up B.put off C.prepare for D.talk about
3.A.openly B.casually C.modestly D.effectively
4.A.improved B.formed C.evaluated D.purchased
5.A.delighted B.worried C.calmed D.disappointed
6.A.touch B.learn C.speak D.hear
7.A.visits B.blames C.instructs D.discovers
8.A.rules B.goals C.signs D.games
9.A.since B.before C.through D.during
10.A.economic B.intellectual C.political D.social
11.A.hard B.lucky C.funny D.helpful
12.A.driving B.disturbing C.following D.protecting
13.A.moved B.embarrassed C.anxious D.concerned
14.A.agree B.fight C.compare D.communicate
15.A.kids B.teachers C.interpreters D.parents
16.A.discussing B.exploring C.saving D.controlling
17.A.breaking up B.approving of C.looking into D.participating in
18.A.frequently B.hardly C.really D.suddenly
19.A.task B.behavior C.culture D.opinion
20.A.fearing B.benefiting C.appreciating D.ignoring
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。
Eating a diet rich in high-quality protein may help you maintain a healthy weight by 1. (make) you feel full longer, and fueling you with extra energy for exercising.
High-protein 2. (diet) aren’t balanced in terms of the essential nutrients, vitamins, and fiber your body needs. However, a diet that is too high in animal protein can 3. (actual) lead to weight gain over time. A study found that those who ate more red and processed meat put on 4. (much) weight, about one extra pound every four years, while those who ate more nuts over the course of the study 5. (gain) only half as much weight.
Some people are able to lose weight on high-protein diets in the short-term but this weight loss is not due to eating more animal protein, 6. simply due to consuming fewer calories. A safer way 7. (lose) weight is to reduce sugar intake and calories, while maintaining a nutritionally balanced diet 8. is rich in plant-based proteins.
For most of us, consuming the right balance of wholefoods each day will provide us 9. all the nutrients we need. There is also no 10. (evident) that protein from a powder or bar can improve athletic performance any more than protein from food.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Recently, there has been an activity of “Doing Your Bit for an Energy-saved society” in our school. Our schoolmates were highly concerned about the increasing lack for energy and provide advice. Many a student suggest that we shouldn’t waste any food or paper, though they appear very easily to get. Some other students think that advisable to refuse to use plastic bags. It is also strongly recommended those used textbooks not be thrown away and be recycled. After all, most of them are still in a good condition, At last, we all believe we can do more to contribute to build a better world.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析