Are there any foreigners in your city? How do you address(称呼) them in English when you want to talk to these foreigners? The following may be some simple rules the beginners should follow.
1. When talking to strangers there is often no special form of address in English. In most cases, if you want to catch the attention of a stranger， it is necessary to use such phrases as “Excuse me”.
2. In British English “Sir” and “Madam” are considered to be too formal for most situations. They are used mostly to customers in shops or restaurants. While in American English “Sir” and “Madam” are not so formal and are commonly used between strangers, especially with older people whose names you don’t know.
3. When you talk to some people you know, you can use their names directly. If you are friends, use their first names; if your relationship is more formal, use “Mr.”, “Mrs.”, “Ms.”, etc, before their family names.
4. There are many other forms of address which can be used between friends and strangers. However, many of these are limited in use. For example, “pal” and “mate” can be used between strangers, but are usually only used by men talking to other men.
If you meet foreigners, do remember not to address them in wrong ways.
1.According to the passage, “Excuse me” is mainly used to _______.
A. address a friend B. apologize to others
C. catch the attention of a stranger D. suggest good manners
2.If John Smith is your best friend, according to the passage you should often call him______.
A. John B. Smith C. Mr. John D. Mr. Smith
3.What is the title of this passage?
A. Foreigners in Your City
B. How to Introduce Others
C. Politeness Education
D. How to Address Foreigners
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Sydney has a huge bus system. No buses accept cash, and a ticket needs to be bought ahead of time. The buses often run at busy hours and regularly during the day. The Sydney Explorer bus provides air-conditioned service and stops at 27 tourist attractions. Its partner, the Bondi Explorer, stops at 19 attractions. Tickets allow holders to jump on and off as they please, and they can be used for one or two days. It's an easy way to see the city and the surroundings.
Sydney's train service runs throughout the central city area and the surroundings. Tickets can be bought from machines that operate 24 hours a day or from ticket offices. The monorail(单轨火车)travels through central Sydney. It is the most excellent way to gain a good view of the whole city. The monorail runs every three to five minutes, and it takes 15 minutes to complete its journey.
Sydney is built around a harbor, and the Parramatta River has a large ferry(渡船)system. It serves the area around the harbor. These include Taronga Zoo, Darling Harbor, Rose Bay, the North Shore, Cockatoo Island and Sydney Olympic Park. The ferries have operated for more than 135 years and 14 million passengers take the ferries each year.
Water taxis can offer special services that some visitors enjoy, such as transporting passengers to specific locations, offering guided tours of waterways and so on. The tickets sell for 20 Australian dollars for a day or 57 Australian dollars for a week. It is strange，isn’t it?
1.What should people take when getting on the bus in Sydney?
A. Cash B. Tickets C. Change D. Bank cards
2.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 means that passengers________.
A. can stop the bus at any time
B. can visit the city at night
C. should buy two tickets to get on and off the bus
D. can get on and off the bus many times with a ticket
3.Which of the following is the best way to view the whole Sydney?
A. By monorail B. By bus
C. By train D. By ferry
4.Compared with the ferry，what is the advantage of water taxi?
A. It is much faster.
B. It is much cheaper.
C. It can reach more places.
D. It can provide special services.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Forty years ago, Finland was a small country with mediocre（普通）public schools. Today, Finland is still small but no one calls Finland’s public schools mediocre any more.
In 2000, the Finns surprised the world when their 15-year-olds scored at the top of a closely watched international exam called the PISA. Finland has stayed near the top ever since, while the U.S. scores around the middle.
Pasi Sahlberg, an official with Finland’s Ministry of Education and Culture, is in Seattle this week to share the story of Finland’s success, and what states like Washington can learn from it.
Sahlberg’s message, although he is too polite to put it so bluntly（坦率）: Stop testing so much, trust teachers more; give less homework; shorten the school day.
On Tuesday, in a room filled with teachers, principals, professors, school-board members and policy makers, Sahlberg joked about the Finns’ reputation（名声） for being a quiet, humble people. “When Finland hit the top of the PISA,” he said, “the biggest disbelievers were Finns.”
More seriously, Finland never set out to create the world’s top school system. Instead, he said, the country decided in the 1970s that it wanted to ensure that a student’s success didn’t depend on family background.
“Finland relied on cooperation among teachers and schools, rather than on competition. Rather than judging teachers and schools based on test scores,” he said, “Finland puts trust in its teachers and principals. Teachers develop the curriculum in Finland, and design their own tests. There are no national tests, except one at the end of high school.”
That’s just the start. Along with a shorter school day, Finnish students don’t even start school until they are 7 years old. Many primary schools have a policy against giving homework.
“But Finland,”he said,“succeeded in part by adopting ideas from the U.S. and other countries. And those countries, ”he said, “can learn from Finland, too.”
1.What might be the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A. To introduce a Finnish official.
B. To compare the education systems of Finland and the US.
C. To share the story of Finland’s success in education.
D. To ask the US to improve its education.
2.People first learned Finland’s success in education from_____.
A. its students’ performance in an international exam.
B. its international exchange programs.
C. lectures given by Pasi Sahlberg.
D. its small-sized public schools.
3.Which of the following can contribute to Finland’s success in education?
a. Giving students fewer tests.
b. Giving teachers more trust.
c. Evaluating students’ family backgrounds.
d. Creating the world’s top school system.
e. Starting school late.
A. a,b,c B. c,d,e C. a,b,e D. b,c,d
4.What Pasi Sahlerg said in Paragraph 7 suggested that ______.
A. children should start school as early as possible.
B. competition among teachers might be harmful to education.
C. the US education system is still the most advanced.
D. it’s necessary to set up a national curriculum.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
A food additive (添加剂) is any substance that is added to food. Many people are put off by the idea of “chemicals in food.” The truth is that all food is made up of chemicals. Natural substances like milk, as well as man-made ones like drinks on sale in the market, can be described by chemical formulas. Some chemical substances are indeed harmful, but a person who refused to consume any chemicals would find nothing to eat.
The things we eat can be divided into natural and man-made substances. Some people feel that only natural foods are healthy and that all man-made ingredients are to be avoided. But many natural chemicals, found in plants and animals, are harmful when eaten, and some laboratory-made substances increase the nutritional value of food. Other chemicals have natural and man-made forms that are exactly alike: vitamin C is vitamin C, whether it comes from a test tube or from an orange. Like “chemical”, “man-made” doesn’t necessarily mean “not fit to eat”.
Food additives are used for many reasons. We add sugar and salt and other things to foods we prepare at home to make them taste better. Food producers have developed a range of additives that stabilize（使稳定）, thicken, harden, keep wet, keep firm, or improve the appearance of their products. Additives can make food more convenient or nutritious, give it a longer shelf life, and make it more attractive to the consumer, thus increasing the sales and profits of the producers.
Food additives are presently the centre of a storm of serious argument. Food producers have been known to use additives that have not been proved safe; some substances in common use have been proved unsafe and have been taken off the market. Many people feel there’s a risk of eating food to which anything has been added. But food additives are now regulated by the FDA of the federal government, and new additives will go through strict testing before they can be placed on the market. For most people, the chances of developing serious side effects (副作用) from the long-term use of presently approved (批准) food additives are very small.
1.From the passage we can learn that .
A. natural foods are much safer than man-made ones
B. it is right to refuse chemicals in food
C. food additives are harmful to our health
D. all foods have chemical substances
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Food additives can improve the quality of foods in many ways.
B. To ensure food safety, the FDA will stop food additives.
C. Foods free of additives can keep a much longer shelf life.
D. Foods with more additives have higher nutritional value.
3.We can infer from the regulation to the food additives by the FDA that .
A. new additives will be approved more easily than before
B. food with common-used additives will be taken off the market
C. food additives will be used in a safer and more scientific way
D. food producers won’t be allowed to use new food additives
4.According to the writer, the food additive is .
A. worrying B. acceptable
C. poisonous D. avoidable
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Seven Ways to Find Out What You Really Want in Life
Be good to yourself
You can’t pinpoint(准确指出) exactly what you want in life. You’re constantly sacrificing your time and dreams for other people. 1. Ask yourself: if you weren’t tied down by your job, family, or anything else, then what would you be doing right now?
Regret nothing
To be good to yourself is not selfish. It’s your life. It’s time for you to live it exactly the way you want to. If you constantly regret things you did or didn’t do in the past, then you won’t be able to move forward. 2.
Figure out what you need
Sometimes it’s hard to figure out what you need. Sit down and think about what you need most. The freedom to express yourself? Love? Financial security? Something else? If it helps, you can make a list. Also think about the kind of legacy(遗产) you want to leave behind.
3.
You can fly only by pushing back against something you don’t want. Figure out what upsets you, and be specific about it. Don’t just say that you hate your office job. Pinpoint exactly why you hate it. Could it be your strict boss? Your workload? Your meaningless job title? Or all of the above?
Determine what makes you truly happy
There’s no life to waste if you’re happy with living it. Think about what makes you happy. Being around children? Is it traveling? Owning a successful business? Financial freedom? 4.
Let people around you know what you’re trying to achieve
Don’t keep your goals and desires to yourself. Voice it all out! If you tell people what you’re trying to accomplish, they will most likely support you and give you new ideas. Sometimes mother does know best!
Stay positive
Life doesn’t always go how you want it. Don’t feel discouraged as your plans stray(偏离). Take control. Instead of being anxious, try your best to advance with the changes. You will get there someday. 5.. You’re just taking a little detour(绕道).
A. Don’t live in the past but live in the present!
B. Sometimes a positive attitude is all you need to keep going.
C. Determine what really bothers you.
D. Once you pinpoint the one thing that makes you happy the most, you’ll have a pretty clear
idea of what you should struggle hard to get in your life.
E. You have to put yourself first, because if you don’t, then no one else will.
F. Determine what you are going to do next.
G. You should think of things positively.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
完形填空阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On a cold winter evening, I was walking home, tired and hungry, when suddenly came screams (呼喊声) from behind some trees. _____ , I slowed down to listen, and _____ that what I was hearing were the sounds of a fight. A woman was being _____ not far from where I stood.
“Should I go to help her?” I thought. I was worried about my own _____ , and I regretted having suddenly decided to take a new way home that night. “ _____ I’m hurt too? Shouldn’t I just _____ to the nearest phone and call the police?...” But already the girl’s _____ were growing weaker. I knew it was time for me to act fast because I could not _____ the life of this unknown woman, _____ it meant risking (冒……的危险) my own life.
I am not a _____ man. I didn’t know where I found the _____ and physical strength(体力), but once I had finally _____ to help the girl, I became suddenly changed. I ran behind the bushes and _____ the attacker off the woman. Struggling, we fell to the ground, where we fought for a few minutes _____ the man jumped up and escaped.
_____ heavily, I stood up and came up to the girl, who was crying behind a tree. In the 56 , I could not see her clearly, but I could certainly _____ her shock. Not wanting to frighten her any further, I at first spoke to her from a distance.
“It’s OK,” I said _____ . “The man ran away. You’re safe now. ”There was a long stop and then I heard the words, said in both wonder and _____ . “Dad, is that you?” And then, from behind the tree, stepped out my youngest _____ , Katherine.
1.A. Excited B. Frightened C. Interested D. Disappointed
2.A. knew B. understood C. realized D. imagined
3.A. attacked B. buried C. robbed (抢劫) D. caught
4.A. money B. safety C. future D. family
5.A. What for B. So what C. What about D. What if
6.A. move B. escape C. run D. jump
7.A. cries B. noises C. cheers D. sounds
8.A. save B. ignore C. change D. decide
9.A. although B. because C. as D. but
10.A. kind B. generous C. intelligent D. brave
11.A. courage B. belief C. attitude D. hope
12.A. agreed B. expected C. promised D. decided
13.A. took B. dropped C. pulled D. got
14.A. unless B. after C. since D. until
15.A. Walking B. Drinking C. Breathing D. Fighting
16.A. daylight B. afternoon C. darkness D. midnight
17.A. feel B. see C. guess D. find
18.A. angrily B. softly C. loudly D. happily
19.A. shame B. peace C. pain D. surprise
20. A. son B. daughter C. grandson D. cousin
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
根据句意和语法, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
1.Either you or he ___________(like) playing basketball. With whom can I play？
2.The photo reminds me my school days.
3. His elder brother is an (energy) football player
4. The boy lying on the ground __________(lie) that he had seen a cock lay an egg.
5.--- Did you sleep well last night? --- Never (good) , like a rock.
6. This is the first time we (see) a film in the cinema together as a family.
7.People who are________a diet mustn’t have chocolate.
8.It wasn’t until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks I found we had a lot in common.
9.She decided to follow him out of (curious) .
10.Does _______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
单句改错
每句有一处错误，请按以下要求改错：
错误：把某词改为某词。写为：某词---某词。例如: was--were
增加：在某词后加某词。写为：某词后加某词。例如：by后加the
删除：去掉多余的词。写为：去掉某词。例如：去掉a
1.They are looking forward to visit China again.
2.The little boy is at his computer, playing computer games, as if having a great fun.
3. He had promised that he’d have a word with me about my work, but he did not keep his words.
4. When he climbed to the top of the mountain, he was out of his breath.
5.When we were young, every evening my brothers and I will stay at home waiting for our mother.
6.Weather permitted, we’ll go out to climb the hill.
7.I’m sorry to have put you to trouble of changing a large note for me.
8. From space, the earth looks like blue. This is why about 71 % of its surface is covered by water.
9.We shall have studied last night, but we went to the concert instead.
10. With time gone by, his memory seems to get worse and he often forgets what subject is discussed at present.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析