2014届广东省高二第一阶段考试英语试卷（解析版）

People often say that the Englishman’s home is his castle. In this sense they mean that the home is very important and 21. Most people in Britain live in houses 22flats, and many people own their homes. This means that they can make them individual(个人的); they can23 them and change them in any way they 24 . In a crowded city the individual knows that he or she has a private space which is 25for himself or herself and for invited friends.

People usually like to 26their space. Are you sitting now in your home or in a beach or a train? If you are on the beach you may have spread your27  around you; on the train you may have28 your coat or small bag on the seat beside you; in a library you may have one corner or chair which is your own.

Once I was traveling on a 29to London. I was in a section for four people and there was a table between us. The man on the opposite side to me had his briefcase on the table. There was no 30on my side of the table at all. I was made rather 31. I thought he thought that he owned the 32  table. I took various papers out of my bag and put them on 33! When I did this he stiffened and his eyes nearly popped out of his head. I had 34  his space ! A few minutes later I took my papers off his case in order to read them. He 35moved his case to his side of the table. ( Of course , it is possible that he just wanted to be helpful to me !

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Born in Italy, Galileo Galilei, was a Tuscan astronomer, philosopher, and physicist. He is closely associated with the 36(science) revolution. For his great achievements, he has been referred to as the “father of modern astronomy”, as the “father of modern physics”, and as “father of science”. The work of Galileo 37(consider) to be a significant break from that of Aristotle. In addition, his conflict with the Roman Catholic Church is taken as 38major early example of the conflict of authority and freedom of thought, particularly with science, 39Western society. He was a man 40experimented—never did he take anything for granted. Instead, he despised（蔑视） the prejudices and book learning of the Aristotelians and drew his 41(conclude) fearlessly. He had been the first 42(turn) a telescope to the sky, and he had seen there evidence enough to overthrow（推翻） Aristotle and Ptolemy together. Although Galileo found 43difficult for him to make people 44(convince) of his theories, he still stuck to his views. His observations showed the theory that the earth moves around the sun was right. It was only many years later 45the world recognized his greatness.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

根据首字母或英文提示写单词：

1.To our d_________, our football team won.

2. The doctor spent much time c_________ the patient of his cough.

3.He went to London without having _______________ (achieve) any success.

4.One of the ____________ ( testing strength, skill or ability) tasks that all government are facing now is how to develop economy rapidly without doing great harm to the environment.

5.He hurt his legs. There is no p__________ that he will win the game.

6.His cheerful spirit is __________( infect) and so everywhere he goes, people around him feel joyful.

7.Many factories have been constructed in our city since last year, and a power station is under ____________ (construct).

8.Are you satisfied with his ______________ ( arrange) for the meeting?

9.They hurried back home only to find their houses __________ (break) into.

10.___________ (absorb) in his work, Newton boiled his watch when he wanted to boil an egg to eat.

难度: 极难查看答案及解析

根据中文提示完成句子（共5题，每题2分，满分10分）

1.________________________（没道理）to buy such an expensive mobile phone for the pupil.

2.___________________（每次）I listen to this song, I’ll recall the happy time we have spent together.

3.It’s you, not your husband, who _____________________（由于…应受责备）the spoiled child.

4.（我们上网查资料是很方便的）_________________________to search for information on line.

5.只有这样做你才能摆脱那些坏习惯。

Only _______________________________________ from these bad habits.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

In the United States, when one became rich, he wants people to know it. And even if he does not become very rich, he wants people to think that he is. That is what ‘keeping up with the Joneses’ is about. It is the story of someone who tried to look as rich as his neighbours.

The expression was first used in 1913 by a young American called Arthur Momand. He told this story about himself. He began earning $ 125 a week at the age of 23. That was a lot of money in those days. He got married and moved with his wife to a very wealthy neighbourhood outside New York City. When he saw that rich people rode horses, Momand went horseback riding every day. When he saw that rich people had servants, Momand and his wife also hired a servant and gave big parties for their new neighbours.

It was like a race, but one could never finish this race because one was always trying to keep up. The race ended for Momand and his wife when they could no longer pay for their new way of life. They moved back to an apartment in New York City.

Momand looked around him and noticed that many people do things just to keep up with rich lifestyle of their neighbours. He saw the funny side of it and started to write a series of short stories. He called it ‘Keeping up with the Joneses’ because ‘Jones’ is a very common name in the United States.’ “Keeping up with the Joneses”came to mean keeping up with rich lifestyle of the people around you. Momand’s series appeared in different newspapers across the country for over 28 years.

People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. And there are ‘Jonses’ in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.

1.Some people want to keep up with the Joneses because they ______.

2.It can be inferred from the story that rich people like to ________.

3.The underlined word “neighbourhood” in the second paragraph means ________.

4.Arthur Momand used the name ‘Jones’ in his series of short stories because’ Jones’ is ________.

5.According to the writer, keeping up with the Joneses is ________.

难度: 困难查看答案及解析

Charles Dickens (1812-1870), the great nineteenth century English novelist, was born near Portsmouth. His father ran heavily into debt and when he was twelve, he had to go and work in a factory for making boot polish. The only formal education he received was a two-year schooling at a school for poor children. In fact, he had to teach himself all he knew. He worked for a time as junior clerk in a lawyer's office. After that, he worked as a reporter in the law courts, and later in parliament, for London newspapers. His career as a writer of fiction began in 1833 with short stories and essays in periodicals, and in 1837 his comic novel The Pickwick Papers made him the most popular author at his time in England.

　He was a great observer of people and their places because he was attracted by life and conditions in mid-nineteenth century London. He wrote 19 novels all his life and in many of them, Dickens gave a realistic picture of all classes of England society, showing deep sympathy for the poor and unfortunate, exposing the injustice and inhumanity（不人道） of the bourgeoisie（布尔乔亚阶级）.

　Many of his novels like Oliver Twist, David Copperfield, Nicholas Nickleby, Great Expectations, A Tale of Two Cities and so on drew attention to the unsatisfactory social conditions that existed in England over a hundred years ago.

　Dickens criticized capitalist society from the point of view of bourgeois humanism. He wished to see improvement in the living conditions of the poor, but failed to find any effective means to achieve that end.

1.Dickens only received a little formal education because______.

2.According to Dickens, the society at his time in England was________.

3.Which of the following novel made Dickens the most popular writer at his time in England?

4.According to the passage, which of the following about Dickens is true?

5.It can be inferred from the passage that________.

难度: 简单查看答案及解析

The common cold is the world's most widespread illness, which is plagues (瘟疫) that flesh receives. The most widespread fallacy (谬误) of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one.

If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.

　During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches (战壕) cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds. In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp (奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.

　At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be dipped with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.

　If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.

　No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain-killer pills such as aspirin, but all they do is relieve the symptoms.

1.How many examples are offered by the writer to support his argument?

2.Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?

3.Arctic explorers may catch colds when _______.

4.Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit _______.

5.The passage mainly discusses _______.

难度: 困难查看答案及解析

In many cultures white is often associated with something positive. A white-collar job, for instance, is the kind of job many people look for, working with your brain and not your hands.

White has a clean and pure image. That is why doctors, dentists, and nurses usually wear white uniforms. Babies are dressed in white at baptisms（洗礼）and brides wear white wedding gowns at weddings. White in these cases is the symbol of innocence or purity.

Sometimes white is used in expressions that are not good. “Whitewash” is one such expression. At first, “whitewash” meant to paint over something with white paint to make it look better. However, it means something different today: to hide or to cover up mistakes or failures.

A “white elephant” is another example of white used in a negative way. In ancient Thailand, a white elephant was regarded as a sacred animal, but it was very expensive to keep. The kings of those days presented a white elephant to the people they wanted to ruin. Once they received this holy, royal animal as a gift, they were not allowed to sell or kill it. Today, a “white elephant” means something that is big, useless, and unwanted. In America, when people want to get rid of their furniture or clothes, they often have a “white elephant sale”.

1.The text is mainly about________.

2.Which expression has an historical background?

3.In which statement does “white” have a negative meaning?

4.From the text we can learn that _______.

5.The author develops the text mainly by ______.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。

　以下是有关博物馆、音乐厅、剧院、大学等的信息：

　E. Dance performances tend to center on Sadler's Wells theater, where contemporary dance, ballet and opera can all be found. The Royal Festival Hall and the The Barbican Centre also house excellent productions, and the ICA is a mecca for experimental dance.

　F. Sefton college is the leading specialist catering training centre in the education sector. Everyday we offer healthy, innovation and exciting menus, which meet the government standards. We have provided catering and cleaning services to Saint Francis Xaviers College and the whole Liverpool for many years and recently won the contract to supply catering to Manchester. So join us, you will get lot of practice.

　以下是与广告相关的五个年青人，请匹配与他们各自可能去的地方。

　66. Jon Murphy: I have worked for six months in California and have been to places as far as Bangkok, Australia, Canada and throughout Europe. Working with the communities is fantastic.

　67. James Barton: I suppose I was born with a love of music. Everyday, I listen to music for at least two hours and music bands are my favourite.

　68. Jane Lake: I was at university studying Religious Studies and English. And now my area of practice is painting and drawing.

　69. Dave Kirby: I met my great friend Andrew Schofield and it was probably he who introduced me to the theatre and plays.

　70. Gary Birkett: Being a chef involves a lot of work. Not only do you have to cook but you learn about stock control, sourcing quality food, compiling rosters and creating attractive and exciting menus.

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

你接受了一项写作任务，要为英语校报写一篇介绍英国的文章。

[写作内容]

请根据下面表格所提供的信息，介绍大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

[写作要求]

只能用5个句子表达全部内容。

[评分标准]

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章连贯。

难度: 中等查看答案及解析