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A breathtaking trick potentially left over from our ancestors might be found in us — the ability to sense oxygen through our skin.
Amphibians, animals such as frogs that can live both on land and in water, have long been known to be capable of breathing through their skin. In fact, the first known lungless frog that breathes only through its skin was discovered recently in the rivers of Borneo.
Now the same oxygen sensors found in frog skins and in the lungs of mammals (哺乳动物) have unexpectedly been discovered in the skin of mice.
“No one had ever looked,” explained Randall Johnson, a biologist researcher.
Mice and frogs are quite distant relatives, so the fact they have these molecules (分子) in common in their skin suggests they might well be found in the skin of other mammals, such as humans.
“We have no reason to think that they are not in the skin of people too,” Johnson said.
These molecules not only detect oxygen, but help increase levels of vital red blood cells, which carry oxygen around the body. Normal mice breathing in air that is 10 percent oxygen—a dangerously low level similar to conditions at the top of Mount Everest, and about half that of air at sea level. However, mice that had the oxygen sensor HIF-1a genetically removed from their skin failed to produce this hormone (荷尔蒙) even after hours of such low oxygen.
These findings, if they hold true in humans, suggest one could raise the level of oxygen circulating inside the body. This could help treat lung diseases and disorders such as anemia (贫血症) without injecting drugs, which make up a multibillion-dollar market, Johnson said.
Athletes also often try to get more oxygen delivered to their muscles in order to improve their performance. They often do this by training at high altitudes or in low-oxygen tents. The new study suggests they might want to expose their skin as well as breathing in low-oxygen air to improve their performance. “It’s hard to say what exactly might be done, however—there’s a lot we don’t know yet,” Johnson explained.
The scientists detailed their findings in the April 18 issue of the journal Cell.
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Johnson believes that Oxygen sensors also exist in human skin.
B.People have to surf the Internet to read detailed findings.
C.It has been proved that these findings help treat lung diseases.
D.It has long been expected oxygen sensors exist in mice’s skin.
2.One of the functions of the molecules mentioned above is _______.
A.carrying oxygen around the body B.improving athletes’ performance
C.detecting oxygen D.increasing level of oxygen
3.What is Johnson’s attitude to the application of the findings to the athletes’ training?
A.Negative B.Doubting
C.Positive D.Hesitating
4.The best title of the passage may be _______.
A.Great Findings Benefits Athletes A Lot
B.Frogs And Mice Are Distant Relatives
C.First Known Animal Breathes Through Skin
D.Humans Might Sense Oxygen Through Skin
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Currently, people from all over the world prefer to shop online. Experts predict our spending online over the next five years will grow by 129%. But how can you protect yourselves when shopping online?
1. It should be protected by up-to-date anti-virus software, and you should also install a personal firewall, which will stop hackers attacking your system. Check that your firewall is open before you start shopping, and when you finish, be sure to log out.
Take a minute to look at the website before you buy anything. Check that the company has a geographical address as well as a telephone number. 2.
Sellers should have a list of all your rights somewhere on their website, and you need to read this before you decide to shop there. 3. As a general rule, online companies usually give their customers seven days to cancel their order if they change their minds about their purchase.
4. It is a lock-shaped symbol and you can find it on the browser bar (浏览器栏) at the bottom of the screen. Another indication of a safe website is its address. The address should not begin with “http” but “https” — the letter “s” stands for secure.
The final stage of online shopping is the order confirmation. This is proof that you’ve bought a product from this company, and it contains the special reference number for your order. 5. You might need it if there’s a problem.
A.You should always print this information and keep it somewhere.
B.If this happens, your credit card will offer you the best protection.
C.A special icon (图标) will tell you if the website you are using is safe.
D.Make sure that your device, for example your laptop or tablet, is safe to use at all times.
E.When you buy things on the Internet, there’s no chance that something may go wrong.
F.If you can’t find the list, you should probably choose a different website.
G.It’s generally better to use sellers that you know about or ones that have been recommended to you.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Currently, people from all over the world prefer to shop online. Experts predict our spending online over the next five years will grow by 129%. But how can you protect yourselves when shopping online?
1. It should be protected by up-to-date anti-virus software, and you should also install a personal firewall, which will stop hackers attacking your system. Check that your firewall is open before you start shopping, and when you finish, be sure to log out.
Take a minute to look at the website before you buy anything. Check that the company has a geographical address as well as a telephone number. 2.
Sellers should have a list of all your rights somewhere on their website, and you need to read this before you decide to shop there. 3. As a general rule, online companies usually give their customers seven days to cancel their order if they change their minds about their purchase.
4. It is a lock-shaped symbol and you can find it on the browser bar (浏览器栏) at the bottom of the screen. Another indication of a safe website is its address. The address should not begin with “http” but “https” — the letter “s” stands for secure.
The final stage of online shopping is the order confirmation. This is proof that you’ve bought a product from this company, and it contains the special reference number for your order. 5. You might need it if there’s a problem.
A.You should always print this information and keep it somewhere.
B.If this happens, your credit card will offer you the best protection.
C.A special icon (图标) will tell you if the website you are using is safe.
D.Make sure that your device, for example your laptop or tablet, is safe to use at all times.
E.When you buy things on the Internet, there’s no chance that something may go wrong.
F.If you can’t find the list, you should probably choose a different website.
G.It’s generally better to use sellers that you know about or ones that have been recommended to you.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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A
Why are certain people so memorable, while some fade from our memories over time? This question crosses my mind often; there are many possible answers. When you are raising children, you realize that some people become very important to them, draw them in, accept and respect them. These people change them.
Several examples come to mind with my youngest son. He was always more comfortable around his dad’s friends than his own. He loved to spend time with them, fish with them, listen to their stories and just be with them.
He has experienced the loss of several really meaningful friendships over the past few years, and it has been very painful for him. One, Dr. George, was a neighbor and fishing buddy who would call to see if Ken could go fishing with him. Dr. George always said Ken was the son he never had and that it meant everything to him. He died very suddenly while fishing with all of his best buddies a few years ago. The huge hole that left in so many lives simply cannot be filled — for Ken it was immensely painful.
There was another fishing buddy of his dad’s, Frank, who was always fun to be around. Ken was very young then, but he really enjoyed getting along with ＂the guy＂ when they were fishing. Frank and his family went to the Keys in the same week as we did one year ago and the memory remains to this day. Cheerful and happy, he was able to laugh at himself and accept everyone’s abilities or lack of them, all qualities that impressed Ken so much.
When he became deadly ill, Ken drove from his home in North Carolina to Florida for an overnight visit with him. He died a short time later. The day after his funeral (葬礼), Frank came to Ken in a dream and asked if he would take care of his wife, Carol. To Ken this was very meaningful, and today they share a special bond that Frank somehow knew would be important for them both.
1. According to the author, some people are unforgettable to us because of .
A. their great achievements
B. their consideration and kindness
C. good relationships between us
D. successful cooperation between us
2.What can best replace the underlined word ＂buddy＂ in the passage?
A. Friend. B. Neighbor. C. Instructor. D. Guide.
3.Carol is mentioned in the last paragraph to show us that __________.
A. Frank wanted her to marry Ken B. Ken met Frank in a dream
C. Frank regarded Ken as his son D. Ken was a gentleman
4.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. It’s interesting to go fishing with your father’s friends.
B. The friendship between Ken and his father’s friends.
C. Making friends with adults is easier than with your peers.
D. The good relationship among Ken’s families.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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短文改错
A large number of students from all over the country studies in our beautiful new school. There has a big library in our school. We can take out all the different kind of books we like to read. I often borrowed novels from a library. There is also a beautiful garden in their school.What I like to do most is enjoy the great view of it. Many kinds of flowers of different colors bloom in it, so lots of butterflies come or fly around them. Our classroom is next to in the garden. Have classes in such a beautiful environment, we feel very happy.
高一英语短文改错中等难度题查看答案及解析
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I arrived at my mother’s home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food flew over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt after quilt from the boxes, proudly showing me their beauties. She was preparing for a quilt show at the Elmhurst Church. When we began to fold and put them back into the boxes, I noticed something at the bottom of one box. I pulled it out. “What is this?” I asked.
“Oh?” Mom said, “That’s Mama’s quilt.”
I spread the quilt. It looked at if a group of school children had pieced it together; irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked line on the right.
“Grandmother made this?” I said, surprised. My grandmother was a master at making quilts. This certainly didn’t look like any of the quilts she had made.
“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home with me last year and made some changes,” she said. “I’m still working on it. See, this is what I’ve done so far.”
I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched(缝) a piece of cloth with these words: “My mother made many quilts. She didn’t get all lines straight. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”
“Oh, this is so nice, Mom,” I said. It occurred to me that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was honoring her own mother. I realized, too, that I held in my hands a family treasure. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another.
1.Why did the author go to mother’s home?
A. To see her mother’s quilts.
B. To help prepare for a show.
C. To get together for the family dinner.
D. To discuss her grandmother’s life.
2.The author was surprised because .
A. the quilt looked very strange.
B. her grandmother liked the quilt.
C. the quilt was the best she had seen.
D. her mother had made some changes
3.The underlined wood “crooked” in the passage most probably means .
A. unfinished
B. broken
C. bent
D. unusual
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. A Quilt Show
B. Mother’s Home
C. A Monday Dinner
D. Grandmother’s Quilt
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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I arrived at my mother's home for our Monday family dinner. The smells of food ________ over from the kitchen. Mother was pulling out quilt (被子) after quilt from the boxes, ________showing their beauties. She was ________ for a quilt show at the Wooden Church. When we began to fold and put them ________ into the boxes, my attention was ________ by something at the bottom of one box. I ________ it out. “What is it?” I asked.
“Oh?” Mom said, “that's Mama's quilt.”
I ________ the quilt. It looked ________ a group of school children had ________ it together: irregular designs, childish pictures, a crooked ________ on the right.
“Grandmother made this?” I said, ________. My grandmother was a ________ at making quilts. This didn't certainly look like any of the quilts she had made.
“Yes, right before she died. I brought it home last year and made some ________,” she said. “I’m still working on it. See, this is ________ I’ve done so far.”
I looked at it more closely. She had made straight a crooked line. At the center of the quilt, she had stitched a piece of cloth ________ those words: “My mother made many quilts. She didn't get all line ________. But I think this is beautiful. I want to see it finished. Her last quilt.”
“Oh, this is so nice, mom,” I said. It ________ to me that by completing my grandmother’s quilt, my mother was ________ her own mother. I realized I held in my hands a family ________. It started with the loving hands of one woman, and continued with the loving hands of another, ________ two generations.
1.A. flew B. rushed C. floated D. wandered
2.A. proudly B. slightly C. calmly D. hopefully
3.A. trading B. reaching C. asking D. preparing
4.A. up B. down C. back D. off
5.A. drawn B. shocked C. embarrassed D. excited
6.A. raised B. pulled C. caught D. held
7.A. pressed B. folded C. spread D. arranged
8.A. even if B. if only C. as if D. only if
9.A. picked B. added C. chained D. pieced
10.A. line B. bar C. stick D. mark
11.A. delighted B. scared C. surprised D. worried
12.A. master B. beginner C. scholar D. customer
13.A. decisions B. dresses C. changes D. progress
14.A. how B. which C. where D. what
15.A. to B. with C. for D. by
16.A. straight B. wrong C. mixed D. respectable
17.A. occurred B. happened C. replied D. struck
18.A. promoting B. moving C. honoring D. approaching
19.A. custom B. treasure C. memory D. award
20.A. passing B. holding C. satisfying D. covering
高一英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Marvel at These Freaks of Nature
The world is filled with unique, breathtaking sites-from boiling craters to caves full of lightning bugs. While a global disease or natural disasters shock our soul, we might not appreciate nature. In fact, enjoying the wonder of nature can provide some breaks from too much time indoors. These sites are great for you when looking for hope in some of Mother Nature's greatest offerings.
01 Fly Geyser （Washoe County, Nevada）
This geyser in northern Nevada, found surrounded by fields of grass was created by accident when a geothermal power company drilled a test well（井)）where the geyser now sits in 1964. The combination of calcium carbonate deposits （碳酸钙沉淀物）and extremely hot water resulted in three nearly 6-foot-high, brightly colored red an« green hills that shoot hot water into the air.
02 The Marble Caves （Aysen, Chile）
These caves --accessible only by boat - sit in the heart of Patagonia and wen formed over 6.000 years as water continued to splash against the solid rock formations to create these unique blue marble formations.
03 Lake Sorvagsvatn （Vagar, The Faroe Islands）
This freshwater lake is famous for its appearance of " floating above the ocean. Though it's actually not even 100 feet above sea level, from various camera angles, the lake looks like it is hundreds of feet above the ocean because of its juxtaposition（并列） with a dramatic waterfall and the cliff to its side.
04 Krka National Park （Sibenik-knin, Croatia）
This national park in southern Croatia is famous for having not one, but seven, gorgeous waterfalls streaming with greenish-blue waters, including the attractive Skradinskibuk waterfall. The clear water in its basin is often filled with visitors taking a dip.
1.According to the text, the following are all false except that ________.
A.these sites all have something to do with waterfalls
B.you may see lightning bugs in the Marble Caves by boat
C.Lake Sorvagsvatn are floating hundreds of feet above the ocean
D.the Flyer Geyser has 6 colorful hills shooting hot water into air
2.If visitors want to have a swim, they should go to ________.
A.the Flyer Geyser B.Lake Sorvagsvatn
C.Krka National Park D.the Marble Caves
3.What is the main purpose of the text?
A.To give basic facts about these freaks of nature.
B.To explain the reasons why these sites are great.
C.To call on people to appreciate these freaks of nature
D.To offer advice on how to visit these wonders of nature.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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I was taking in the breathtaking view from the top of Sydney Harbor Bridge when I sensed I was about to witness something even more dramatic right in front of me. Although we were all tied to lines running along the steel girders, a fellow climber called Mike had somehow managed to drop onto bended knee and turn to face his girlfriend, Wendy. I knew what was coming. “Wendy, will you marry me?” he asked. There was a quick smile and an attempted kiss and then a big beam. Mike had the answer he hoped for and all of us burst into a round of applause.
Apparently more than 2,000 couples have become engaged ( 订 婚 ) at the summit since 1998, when it became possible to climb it in organized tour groups. The bridge, perhaps the most recognized symbol of this beautiful city, opened in 1932. It's still the world's largest steel-arch bridge.
We returned to the fantastic view: the famous Sydney Opera House, ferries and sailboats making their way through the harbor, the city skyline — but I had to force myself to look down. We had climbed 1,423 steps to the top of the bridge and I didn't know whether to be delighted or scared.
Nicole Kidman has done it. So have Bruce Springsteen, Prince Harry and scores of other celebrities. But climbing to the top clearly isn't just for the rich and famous. On the contrary, Australian youngsters do it to celebrate their 12th birthdays. (You have to be at least 12 years old to do the climb.) A 100-year-old woman climbed it and told guides it was on her list of things to do before she died.
You can climb during the day, at twilight, or even after dark with headlamps. People climb in all weathers except when there's lightning in the area. In fact, over two million people have made the three-and-a-half-hour climb to the top of the famous bridge—an adventure that cannot be done anywhere else in the world on a bridge this big. That's probably why this climb has won a lot of tourism awards. Today, the climb is firmly on the "to-do" list for locals as well as tourists.
1.What can we learn on the bridge is quite rare?
A.Getting engaged on the bridge is quite rare.
B.People climb the bridge on climbers’ age.
C.There are no limitations on climbers’ age.
D.Many famous people have done the climb.
2.How did the author feel when he climbed to the top of the bridge?
A.Bored and tired B.Fearful and confused
C.Excited and nervous D.Relived and relaxed
3.What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A.To introduce the popularity of the bridge.
B.To emphasize the importance of the bridge
C.To explain the functions of the bridge.
D.To describe the fantastic view from the bridge.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Many festivals are held _______ our ancestors for their contribution to the world.
A. in honor of B. in the honor of C. in memory to D. in the memory of
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析