Artificial Intelligence (AI) is making it possible for companies to monitor workers’ behavior in great detail and in real time. Start to slack off (懈怠), and AI could talk to your boss.
One company offering such services is London-based start-up Status Today. Its AI platform relies on a regular supply of employee data, including everything from the files you access to when you use a key card. From this, it builds a picture of how employees normally function and signals any unusual performance. The idea is to spot when someone might become a security risk by doing something different from their usual behavioral patterns. “All of this gives us fingerprint of a user, so if we think the fingerprint doesn’t match, we raise a warning”, says Mircea Dumitrescu, the company’s chief technology officer.
The system also aims to catch employee actions that could accidentally cause a security breach (漏洞), like opening malware (恶意软件).“We’re not monitoring if your computer has a virus.” says Dumitrescu. “We’re monitoring human behaviors.”
But catching the security breach means monitoring everyone, and the AI can also be used to track employee productivity. “It seems like they are just using the reputation of AI to give an air of lawfulness to old-fashioned workplace surveillance (监视),” says Javier Ruiz Diaz of digital campaigning organization the Open Rights Group. “You have a right to privacy and you shouldn’t be expected to give that up at work.”
Exactly how companies use the system will be up to them, but it’s hard to shake the picture of an AI constantly looking over employees’ shoulders. “It will bother people, and that could be counterproductive if it affects their behavior,” says Paul Bemal at the University of East Anglia.
Phil Legg at the University of the West of England says it will never catch every security risk. “If people know they’re being monitored, they can change their behavior,” he says.
1.According to the text, AI monitors employees by ________.
A. taking pictures of them B. getting access to their data
C. signaling their usual performance D. catching their actions
2.What’s Javier Ruiz Diaz’s attitude towards the system?
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive.
C. Uncaring. D. Negative.
3.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Security breach. B. Employees’ productivity.
C. The right to privacy. D. Workplace surveillance.
4.Phil Legg’s concern about the system suggests that ________.
A. it is too risky to be used at work
B. it will affect employees’ emotions
C. it may not be so effective as expected
D. it will encourage employee, productivity
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
At Beaver Meadows Ranch on Red Feather Lakes, Colorado, there is a long list of outdoor winter activities for the entire family. Take a winter vacation there.
Ice Fishing
For $10 a day, visitors can try their hand at ice fishing. Ice fishing is available from 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. seven days a week. You will need to bring your own ice fishing equipment because it cannot be rented. You will need to have your fishing license too. For more about it, call 800-462-5870.
Hot Chocolate & Cookies Sleigh Ride
Passengers take a 15- to 20-minute sleigh ride through beautiful Colorado country. During the sleigh ride, you’ll have the experience of stopping at an old-time cabin, warming yourself by a fire and eating cookies while drinking hot chocolate. You will need to contact them at 970-231-1955 to set up a time for your sleigh ride.
Winter Horseback Riding
Experience winter horseback riding while viewing the breathtaking beauty of the surrounding 840 acres where Beaver Meadows Ranch makes its home. You’ll be guided on a tour by one of the expert wranglers (牧马人) when the weather permits. One-hour rides cost $35 per person and two-hour rides cost $50. For more information, contact them at 866-881-7679 to set up your horseback riding winter activity.
Other Winter Activities Information
For more information about Beaver Meadows Ranch, or if you’d like to book a room for an adventurous holiday, call 970-881-2450. It’s not very often you can find a one-stop adventure spot full of winter activities. Take advantage of your free time this winter season and enjoy the outdoor scenery in Colorado.
1.If you want to enjoy sleigh rides, you will call _____.
A. 800-462-5870 B. 970-231-1955
C. 970-881-2450 D. 866-881-7679
2.How much does a couple have to pay if they want to have a two-hour horseback ride?
A. $50. B. $70.
C. $100. D. $140.
3.Where can you most probably read this passage?
A. In the latest news. B. In a children’s book.
C. In a travel guide. D. In a sportsman’s diary.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Forest Schools originated in Sweden in the 1950s and spread to other countries, particularly Denmark where they have become an important part of the Danish early years program.
In a typical Danish Forest School, young children from 3 years are taken into the forest for 4 hours each day of the week. They take no toys with them, but instead use only what the forest provides (and their imaginations) to develop their games. There is a primitive hut in the forest, which is used in extreme weather. Activities are child-led and fun, such as finding small animals or stomping in puddles. Because of high adult to child ratios, children can safely try out activities which are often considered too dangerous, such as climbing trees or lighting fires, and by dressing the children in good protective clothing, they are able to play freely. By setting children small manageable tasks at which they are unlikely to fail, and giving genuine praise, children’s independence and confidence grow.
A Swedish scientific study found that children in the Forest School are more balanced and socially capable, have fewer sick days, are more able to concentrate and have better co-ordination than the city nursery children. The primary reason appeared to be the greater opportunities to play in nature, so that children play for longer at a time, tending not to disturb each other as much as children in the city nursery. The study observed that where children were interrupted, they became irritable, their stress level rose, and their ability to concentrate fell.
The study also showed that the Forest School children had 25 % fewer sick days than the city children. One reason for this is that the air is nearly always better outside than indoors. Outside a child is not so exposed to virus and bacteria and not so likely to be infected by other children. Another reason may be that, since stress has been shown to have a negative effect on the immune system, high stress levels may be weakening the city children. The Forest School children, on the other hand, are in a pleasant, natural, fun and less stressful environment.
1.Why is there a primitive hut in the forest?
A. To let children have fun.
B. To store daily necessities.
C. To enrich the children’s imagination.
D. To protect the children from bad weather.
2.What kind of activities do the Forest School children have?
A. Activities to improve grades.
B. Activities designed for adults.
C. Activities usually played by braver kids.
D. Fun activities but with a certain level of danger.
3.The Forest School children are more able to concentrate because ______.
A. they have more interesting things to do B. they are accompanied by adults
C. they are not disturbed so often D. they are playing in small groups
4.Which of the following best describes the Forest School children?
A. Free and wild. B. Confident and happy.
C. Polite and calm. D. Strong and adventurous.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Environmentalists said our planet was bound to die. Now one man says they are wrong. “Everyone knows the planet is in bad shape,” thundered a magazine article last year. “Species are being driven to die out at record rates, and the rivers are so poisonous that fish are floating on the surface, dead.”
But there’s growing belief that what everyone takes for granted is wrong: Things are actually getting better. A new book is about to overturn our most basic assumptions about the world’s environment. Rivers, seas, rain and the atmosphere are all getting better.
The total amount of forests in the world is not declining. The Skeptical Environmentalist by Bjorn Lomborg, professor of statistics at the University of Aarhus in Denmark, is an attack on the misleading claims of environmental groups, and the “bad news” culture that makes people believe everything is getting worse.
Now the attacks are increasingly coming from left-wing environmentalists such as Lomborg, a former member of Greenpeace. The accusation is that, although the environment is improving, green groups — with profits of hundreds of millions of pounds a year — are using scare tactics (战术) to gain donations. Lomborg’s book doesn’t deny global warming — probably the biggest environmental threat — but destroys almost every other environmental claim with many official statistics.
The Worldwatch Institute claims that deforestation(采伐森林) has been speeding over the last 30 years. Buy Lomborg says that is simply rubbish. Since the dawn of agriculture the world has lost about 20% of its forest cover, but in recent decades the forest area’s depleting has come to a stop. According to UN figures, the area of forests has remained almost steady, at about 30% of total land area, since 1940s. Forests in countries such as the US, UK and Canada have actually been expanding over the past 40 years. Despite all the warnings the Amazon rainforest has only shrunk by about 15%.
Nor are all our species dying out. Some campaigners claim that 50% of all species will have died out within 50 years. But other studies show only 0.08% of species are dying out each year. Conservation efforts have been successful. Whales are no longer threatened and the bald eagle is off the endangered list.
Environmental groups claim that many of the improvements are the results of their campaigns. Stephen Tindale, director of Greenpeace UK, said, “There are important examples, such as acid rain and ozone, where things weren’t as bad as predicted, and that’s because our behavior changed.”
1.What is Lomborg’s main argument in The Skeptical Environmentalist?
A. Our planet is in bad shape.
B. The world’s environment is improving.
C. The total amount of forests is declining.
D. Conservation efforts have been successful.
2.What is Lomborg’s main accusation of environmentalists?
A. They changed their behavior toward the environment.
B. They only told people bad news about the environment.
C. They scared people into making donations.
D. They overturned our basic assumption about the world’s environment.
3.The underlined word “depleting” is close in meaning to “_______”.
A. speeding B. limiting
C. expanding D. reducing
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. Are all species dying out? B. Isn’t conservation powerful?
C. Is Our Planet Bound to Die? D. Aren’t environmentalists wrong?
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in her 60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier(收银员) ______ her by name and asked her how she was doing. The woman looked down, shook her hand, and said, “Not so good. My husband just lost his job and my ______ son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to ______ the holidays. ”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.
My heart ______. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. Should I offer to ______ her groceries or ask for her husband’s situation?
____ I walked into the parking lot, I spotted the woman returning her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse that I thought might help her. It wasn’t a handful of cash or an ______ of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life ______.
My heart beat faster as I ______ the woman. “Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really ______ time right now. I’m so sorry, but I’d like to give you something.”
I took a small card out of my purse and ______ it to her.
When the woman read the only two words on the card, she began to cry. And through her ______, she said, “You have no idea how much this ______ to me.”
I was a little ______ by her reply. Having never done anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of ______ I might receive. All I could think to respond was, “Oh! Would it be OK to give you a ______?
After we hugged ______,I walked back to my car and began to cry, too.
The words on the card?
“You Matter.”
A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave a similar card as ______ for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a ______ glow(光辉，喜悦)spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter cards and started ______ them.
1.A. charged B. greeted C. blame D. heard
2.A. confident B. independent C. hopeless D. stubborn
3.A. think about B. give up C. lead to D. get through
4.A. ached B. failed C. beat D. paused
5.A. send for B. provide for C. pay for D. beg for
6.A. As B. Though C. Unless D. Since
7.A. excuse B. offer C. experience D. anecdote
8.A. harder B. wealthier C. simpler D. better
9.A. touched B. found C. balanced D. approached
10.A. happy B. tough C. regular D. long
11.A. handed B. obsessed C. spread D. explained
12.A. reliability B. fears C. tears D. beliefs
13.A. brings B. means C. values D. contains
14.A. worried B. excited C. moved D. shocked
15.A. reaction B. feeling C. expression D. answer
16.A. present B. promise C. hug D. ride
17.A. wildly B. tightly C. anxiously D. eagerly
18.A. progress B. effort C. encouragement D. praise
19.A. warm B. rich C. soft D. fierce
20.A. gathering B. enjoying C. preparing D. sharing
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Most people have practiced some form of hobby at a point in their lives, whether it is some form of sports, playing a musical instrument, creating art, cooking or something else. There are many different reasons and skills for taking up a hobby.
Realize you have more time than you think.
This is probably the one thing that keeps most people back from practicing a hobby. 1. But we waste so much time on social media, television commercials and worrying about life which we could have used to practice a hobby. Schedule some time for a hobby into your day. Plan ahead and just do it.
Involve other people.
Why? Well, have you ever noticed that you stick to something longer when you feel that you cannot let another person down? So, get someone to jog with you, or make music with you, or share recipes with you. Plus, you will inspire them to keep on practicing their hobby.2.
Put your money where your mouth is.
3. So give out a bit of your budget lo your hobby of choice so that you cannot blame a lack of “materials” for not doing anything.
4.
For me, this has been the most important step in going out and doing a hobby. If you jog, decide which races you want to do this year. If you practice music, organize a concert.
Find the pleasure in what you do.
As with most things, starting of getting something ready to start can be difficult. But don’t give up.5.
A. It is a total win-win.
B. Work towards something.
C. Think of a hobby that might interest you.
D. Others’ help will definitely do you good.
E. You think that you don’t have enough time to even start.
F. The fact is that people spend money where their heart is.
G. Once you have started you’ll find the beauty and relaxation in it.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Don’t mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may _____ the shocking end.
A. give out B. give away
C. give up D. give off
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Sunglasses will _____ your eyes from sunlight.
A. guard B. prevent
C. protect D. stop
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
John is the tallest boy in the class, _____ according to himself.
A. five feet high as tall as B. as tall as five feet high
C. as five feet high tall as D. as tall five feet high as
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
The middle-aged man is ready to risk _____ his life to save his son.
A. to lose B. lose
C. lost D. losing
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
She is in a poor _____ of health, which worries her mother much.
A. state B. situation
C. position D. condition
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
They stood _____ at each other as if they were enemies.
A. staring B. glancing
C. glaring D. looking
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
How did it _____ that you were ten minutes late for class?
A. come down B. come true
C. come out D. come about
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
Why does teaching as a career _____ so many people?
A. apply for B. attract to
C. appeal to D. agree with
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
It was after he got what he had desired _____ he realized it was not so important.
A. that B. when
C. since D. as
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
The car club couldn’t _____ to meet the demands of all its members.
A. assume B. guarantee
C. ensure D. confirm
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People today take lots of photos. Some photographs are really memorable. They either capture important events, such as birthday parties or weddings,1. show beautiful places. Years later, people may look at these special photos to remember 2. past.
However, how did people record important moments without cameras long ago? Some people told 3. (story) about old times, and others wrote down 4. they remembered. There were also a lot of people 5. (make) special drawings to help them recall important moments. Among those people were Native Americans of the Lakota tribe.
Every year, Lakota leaders decided which event was most important. A Lakota 6. (art) was then asked to draw a special picture of that event. Because each year’s picture was decided on during the winter, the drawings became 7. (know) as winter counts.
For a long time, winter counts were drawn on animal skins. Later, the drawings 8. (do) on paper. The pictures told the history of the tribe. Each year, the newest winter count was added 9. the Lakota collection of pictures from 10. (early) times. That helped people keep track of the years. Today, winter counts are important records of the Lakota’s past.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Cars are everywhere. In big city and small towns, the preferred method of transportation is the automobile. People can get to where they need to go quickly and easy, and it has given a new kind of freedom to many people who may not have experienced it ago. But is driving really the best thing for our society? I argue that it is not. First, pollution was a serious problem, and more cars only make them worse. There is just not way to reduce pollution without decrease the number of cars on the road. Second, cars are very dangerous. Traffic accidents are responsible tens of thousands of deaths every year. Finally, cars are so expensive for most people to afford. However, that doesn’t stop low-income families from spending the most of their money to pay for the family car.
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
假定你是李华，你们学校的外教Jerry寒假不回国，你写信邀请他去你家一起过除夕，内容要点如下：
1. 时间：2月4日；
2. 活动安排。
参考词汇：The New Year’s Eve
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Jerry,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
难度: 困难查看答案及解析