上海市2010届高三第一学期期中考试

Ⅱ．Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

25．If I walk in this city myself, I’ll probably get lost as I haven’t got _______very good sense of ________direction．

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26．To our great joy, it snowed_______ the night of Feb．14 this year in Shanghai, arousing the curiosity of the residents．

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27．The worker coming from the rural area spent twenty minutes painting on end of the stick red and_________white．

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28．You___________use your cell phone here in our hospital because of the disturbance to the electronic equipments! It’s forbidden．

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29．The patient who had suffered from H1N1 insisted on_____________from others immediately, holding the belief that the disease would infect others．

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30．It was the training that he had as a child________made him such a good pianist, received by teenagers as well as adults．

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31．With the cell phone available, I can do whatever I want to do and still______in touch with my parents and friends．

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32．___________the many ways illegal immigrants come into the United States every year, the vehicle crammed with crowds seems to be the method of choice lately, however, tragedies such as deaths on the journey to the destination, are sometimes reported nowadays．

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33．When problems such as energy crisis, pollution and population explosion_________, people are asked to share the bitterness and endure the hardship with all the whole nation of the times．

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34．He took his washing machine just bought dozens of days previously for 1800 yuan in the Guo Mei Applicance in for repair it needed replacing rather than _______

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35．Goods must be fit for any particular purpose________to the seller, which is rated as honest in the trade．If the seller says a glue will mend china, then it should．

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36．Surveys demonstrate that a majority of urban residents nowadays in the mainland of China rate ___________a perfect family one boy and one girl, as opposed to the only one of the day．

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37．Today’s college is appropriate as a setting for a society,________ its members must acquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources．

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39．–Is it the_______bad smell that is difficult?

-Of course．

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40．Shown together with those products, some advanced ones made abroad included______, which greatly appealed to the visitors coming from all the corners of the world．

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Section B

Drunken driving——sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of41_——has become a national infectious disease．Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by drunken drivers, adding up to an42number of 250,000over the past decade．

A drunken driver is usually defined as one with a 0．10 blood alcohol content or      43three beers, glasses of wine or shots of whisky drunk within two hours．Heavy drinking used to be an acceptable part of the American strong man image and judges were not44in most courts, but the drunken slaughter has recently caused so many well-publicized tragedies, especially45young children, that public opinion is no longer so      46      of it．

Twenty states have raised the legal drinking age to 21, altering a47in the 1960s to reduce it to 18．After New Jersey lowered it to 18, the number of people killed by 18-20-year-old drivers more than doubled, so the state recently upped it back to 21．

Reformers, however, fear raising the drinking age will have little effect unless48by educational programs to help young people to develop “responsible attitudes” about drinking and teach them to49strong pressure to drink．

Tough new laws have led to increased arrests and tests and, in many areas already, to a marked decrease in fatalities（死亡事故）．Some states are also penalizing bars for serving customers too many drinks．

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（E）

E．Higher Living Standard

F．Modern Life Needs Modern Traffics

80．

Transport is one of the aids to trade．By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are scarce, transport adds to their value．The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that separates producer and consumer, the better for trade．When there were no railways, no good roads, no canals, and only small sailing ships, trade was on a small scale．

81．

The great advances made in transport during the last two hundred years were accompanied by a big increase in trade．Bigger and faster ships enabled a trade in meat to develop between Britain and New Zealand, for instance．Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business, drawing supplies from, and selling goods to, all parts of the globe．Big factories could not exist without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes．Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the suburbs and goods delivered to their homes．Big cities could not survive unless food could be brought from a distance．

82．

Transport also prevents waste．Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns．Transport has given us a much greater variety of foods and goods since we no longer have to live on what is produced locally．Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year．Transport has raised the standard of living．

83．

By moving fuel, raw materials, and even power, for example, through electric cables, transport has led to the establishment of industries and trade in areas where they would have been impossible before．Districts and countries can concentrate on making things which they can do better and more cheaply than others and can then exchange them with one another．The cheaper and quicker transport becomes, the longer the distance over which goods can profitably be carried．Countries with poor transport have a lower standard of living．

84．

Commerce requires not only the moving of goods and people but also the carrying of messages and information．Means of communication, like telephones, cables and radio, send information about prices, supplies, and changing conditions in different parts of the world．In this way, advanced communication system also help to develop trade．

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Translation:

1．60年前，新生的中华人民共和国还不为许多国家广为承认。（recognize）

2．只有通过亲身体验，你才能理解志愿服务有多么重要！（figure out）

3．据报道，世博前这条马路已被拓宽来改善交通条件。（report）

4．令我们宽慰的是，地震发生的时候，大楼里碰巧没有人。（happen）

5．停车场足够大，可以容纳数百辆车，这使得居民停车非常方便。（hold）

6．她是个如此爱忘事的女孩以至总是丢三落四，有时别无选择只得买新的了。（alternative）

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Section B

（A）

Taiwan will finalize a plan by the end of June to open up the island to tourists from mainland China, though no date has been fixed for formal implementation（执行）, an official at the Mainland Affairs Council（MAC） said on Monday．

The official said the reports in the local press on Monday that the MAC has decided to postpone its plan to announce the implementation of the new plan on July 1 were inaccurate．

The official said cooperation between different organizations was still underway．The United Daily news quoted the director of the MAC’s legal affairs department, Liu Thehsun, as saying the plan to open up to mainland tourists would not be implemented as scheduled due to a lack of cross-strait communication．

Although relevant authorities, including the Bureau of Immigration and the Tourism Bureau, have complete reports on how to deal with visitors from mainland China, the decision has been taken not to press, ahead with announcement of the plan’s implementation on the first of July, Liu was quoted as saying．

The report also said that while no restrictions would be imposed on the mainland visitors in terms of age or residence in China, the visitors would need to hold a steady job or have more than 50,000RMB（about 6,000, U．S．dollars）in bank savings before they would be eligible（有资格的）to visit Taiwan．

In addition, Taiwan bound mainland tourists would have to come as part of a tour group and would be allowed to stay a maximum of 10 days each time．

The number of mainland tourists allowed to enter the island would also initially be limited to 1,000 people a day．

Although most people from Taiwan are free to travel to China, only a small number of mainland Chinese have been able to visit the island due to restrictions imposed by both sides of the Taiwan Strait after the end of a civil war in 1949．

65．At the moment, according to the passage,     ．

A．no mainland Chinese can visit Taiwan now

B．any mainland Chinese can visit Taiwan now

C．many mainland Chinese have ever visited Taiwan since 1949

D．a few mainland Chinese have ever visited Taiwan since 1949

66．When Taiwan opens up the island to tourists from mainland China,．

A．there will be no restrictions to mainland visitors

B．mainland visitors who want to travel in Taiwan must have at least ￥50,000 in the bank savings account

C．there will be no age restrictions to the mainland visitors

D．mainland visitors will be free to travel to Taiwan

67．We can infer from the passage that get（s） involved in the implementation of the plan．

A．MAC                    B．United Daily

C．several organizations        D．Bureau of Immigration

68．Which of the following statement is TRUE?

A．The implementation of the plan has not been fixed．

B．It was originally fixed on July 1 to announce the plan’s implementation．

C．For lack of cross-strait communication, the plan will not be officially completed until July．

D．When the plan is finalized, it will be announced immediately．

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（B）

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed．It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive．

Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions．They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors．There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed．As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory．The controversy is often referred to as “nature/nurture”．

Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors．That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory．Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts．

Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans’ respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior．

Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior．In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes．That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain．

69．Which of the following statements would the supporters of the “nature” theory agree with?

A．A person’s instincts have little effect on his actions．

B．Environment is important in determining a person’s behavior and personality．

C．Biological reasons have a strong influence on how we act．

D．The behaviorists’ view correctly explains how we act．

70．Concerning the nature/nurture controversy, the writer of this article____________．

A．supports the nature theory

B．supports the nurture theory

C．believes both are completely wrong

D．thinks that the correct explanation of human behavior will take ideas from both theories．

71．In the United States, Black people often score below White people on intelligence tests．With this in mind, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．Nature proponents would say that Whites are genetically superior to Blacks．

B．Supporters of the nature theory would say that Whites score well because they have a superior environment．

C．Behaviorists would say that Blacks often lack the educational and environmental advantages that Whites enjoy．

D．Nurture proponents would disagree that Blacks are biologically inferior to Whites．

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（C）

Texas——US President George W．Bush and Russian President Vladimir Putin failed to bridge their differences over a key arms control treaty last week, but that didn’t stop them from backslapping（喧闹的狂欢） as they ended a summit．

The two leaders also offered differing interpretations of the fate of nuclear warheads to be removed from missiles under arms reductions they each announced last week．Bush said he intended to destroy the warheads, but Putin said their fate should be negotiated．

The two men untied on the need for Northern Alliance forces——to allow for a broad based government that respects all parties there．

Bush and Putin had spent the night at Bush’s ranch．Despite the rain, the rural environment and friendly company appeared to have worked its magic．They slapped on the back and joked, at one point teasing each other about whether it is better to visit Texas in the heat of August or Siberia in winter．

Analysts say the dramatic warming in US-Russian relation could herald（预示） an era of pragmatism（务实的想法或做法） in global affairs as the two old rivals finally end decades of hostility and become friends．

“Washington and Moscow are no longer playing the ‘big game’ against each other, but with each other,” said Karl Heniz Kamp, an analyst at the Konrad Adenanaer Foundation，a German think tank．

72．It can be concluded that President Bush and President Putin__________．

A．didn’t agree on key arms control treaty

B．offered different explanations of the future of nuclear warheads under arms reductions

C．neither A or B

D．both A and B

73．The reason why the two men joined together is that．

A．they were needed by the Northern Alliance forces

B．they had taken the advice given by Karl Heniz Kamp, an analyst of German think tank．

C．they had already been partners

D．they had no different opinions on everything

74 The warming of US-Russian relations indicates that_______．

A．the two persons end hostility and become friends

B．US can benefit a lot from global affairs

C．there will be an end to all the armies of the world

D．it is a turning point to words being practical in global affairs

75．What the two men teased about shows that___________．

A．they appeared friendly but in fact they didn’t

B．they just made fun of each other

C．they are friendly and humorous

D．they invited each other to their countries in the bad weather

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