2012届度上海市高三第一次考试英语题

Plastic surgery definitely does harm to individuals mainly because the patients will have to take risks ___damaging their health．

A．in               B．on               C．at               D．of

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

When we happy for what we win, we should keep in mind that one's good vintage may be ___ bitter cup．

A．the other's        B．another's      C．other's          D．other else's

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

He ___ away before we arrived, since the house was deserted．

A．shall have gone                  B．should have gone

C．could have gone                 D．must have gone

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

My car's performance is ___ since the engine's been tuned and the tires have been changed．

A．better as twice                      B．twice as the condition

C．twice as good                        D．twice as better

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Blog, a shared on line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experience and

hobbies, ___ more and more popular with people of all ages．

A．becomes                              B．become

C．becoming                             D．is becoming

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

___ the invention of the steam engine, the industrial revolution played a vital role in human history．

A．Originating in                      B．Originated in

C．To originate in                      D．Being originated in

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

October 24, 1860, the Qing government and the Britain sighed "the treaty ofBeijing", ___ put an end to the second Opium war．

A．which            B．that             C．when             D．in which

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

The word "breakthrough" is often used when talking about the newest drug or the next treatment ___ in cancer research．

A．finding              B．being found      C．to be found          D．found

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

You can't catch the charm of English poetry ___you understand its rhythm．

A．if                   B．unless           C．though      D．while

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

As a new-comer of the class, Sarah hopes to become a friend of___ shares her interests and has common outlooks．

A．whoever          B．whomever    C．no matter who   D．anyone

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

By the end of this year, 160 new students ___ in the English Department of this world famous university．

A． have enroll                         B．will have enrolled

C．have been enrolled                   D．will have been enrolled

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

___ people food, jobs, housing, justice, compassion and equality is what a government should first consider after a natural disaster strikes．

A．Offered          B．Being offered    C．Offer            D．Offering

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

It was no surprise that an awful accident ____ occur the day when they were drunk．

A．does            B．did              C．has to   D．had to

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

___, but he still couldn't understand the logical connection of the two subjects．

A．Having told many times           B．Having been told many times

C．He had been told many times     D．Many times as he was told

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

One thing kept in our mind is ___ we would never forget to show our greatest appreciation for our loved and beloved ones．

A．when             B．that    C．what         D．how

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Recently a debate about ___ is real beauty has been raised．People are pushed to think some questions like ___ is better, artificial beauty or natural one．

A．what．．．which                    B．who．．．which

C．whatever．．．whoever             D．where．．．which

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions; Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can only be used once Note that there is one word more than you need．

A．actually    B．suddenly    C．impact     D．fitness    E．memories

F．imaging    G．responsible     H．implications   I．boost     J．encouraging

If you want to 1._ your child's results at school, you could do a lot worse than ensuring that they do plenty of exercise．Scientists have already shown that physical activity can make you cleverer．A team in America has used scans to show that an important part of the brain _2._ grows in children who are fit．These youngsters tend to be more intelligent and have better _3._ than those who are inactive．

Scientists also found that one of the most important parts of their brains was 12 per cent larger than those of unfit youngsters．They believe that _4._ children to take exercise from a very young age could help them do better at school later．Researchers from the University of Illinois, in the U．S．, studied the brains of 49 children aged nine and ten using a magnetic resonance _5._ scan, a technique which provides very detailed pictures of organs and tissues in the body．

They also tested the _6._ levels of the children by making them run on a treadmill．The scientists found that the hippocampus（海马体）, a part of the brain _7._ for memory and learning, was around 12 per cent larger in the fitter youngsters．

Professor Art Kramer, who led the study published in the journal Brain Research, said the findings had important _8._ for encouraging individuals to take part in sport from a young age．"We knew that experience and environmental factors and socioeconomic status all _9._ brain development," he said．"If you get some lousy（坏的） genes from your parents, you can't really fix that, and it's not easy to do something about your economic status．But here's something that we can do something about．

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions: Read the passage carefully and answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than 12 words．

The iPad is a tablet computer designed and developed by Apple．It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals, movies, music, and games, as well as web content．At about 700 grams （25 ounces）, its size and weight are between those of most contemporary smart phones and laptop computers．Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days．

The iPad runs the same operating system as the earlier iPod Touch and iPhone．It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for the iPhone．Without modification, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store．

Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a multi-touch display ?a break from most previous tablet computers, which used a pressure-triggered stylus（尖笔）．The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse the Internet, load and stream media, and install software．Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection, The device is managed and synced（同步） by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable．

Media reaction to the device has generally been neutral or positive, with more positive reaction after the device was launched．

（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 12 WORDS．）

1．The Marketing Strategy of iPad is to make it ____ for audio and visual media．

2．The programs approved by Apple can only be bought from ____．

3．How do people control some previous tablet computers?

4．What's the media reaction to the device prior to its launch?

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1．他对什么事都感到好奇。  (curious)

2．我们的童年总是充满了甜蜜的回忆。(fill)

3．如今在不少西方电影中都能看到中国元素的使用。(apply)

4．研究表明人每天至少要锻炼一小时，才能控制体重和保持健康。(maintain)

5．虽然全球性的金融危机使就业问题更加困难，大学毕业生还是对未来充满信心。(Although)

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D．Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context．

Imagine that Mom and Dad have friends over, and you have to talk to adults all evening．Say the wrong thing and the parents may get mad．But, say _50_, and they'll think you weren't friendly．So, _51_can you talk with adults?

It's _52_．Just ask them questions about themselves．"Many of them like to talk about what they do for a living," suggests psychologist Tim Ursiny, author of The Confidence Plan．

Kids can also talk to grown-ups about _53_．Ask what the last good movie they saw was, because people at dinner parties "_54_" when the conversation turns to movies, Ursiny says．If a grown-up is _55_ Harry Potter, it's ok to talk about your love for Harry．It's a safe topic, one that both grown-ups and kids can enjoy, so go ahead and talk about whether Dumbledore is really dead．

But _56_the topic of video games．"Adults don't want to hear about your video game _57_they play it," Ursiny explains．

Adults also don't want to hear slang．Don't use language they don't _58_．Ursiny says kids should learn to speak to other people in their own language．

_59_,most adults aren't into slang, they do remember what it was like to be a kid．Ursiny recommends asking adults what school was like when they were your age．"It might be a fun discussion if you _60_your

10th-grade experience with theirs．"_61_you chat with your parents beforehand to find out which topics are

off-limits（禁区）．

Also, don't chat about things that make your parents feel guilty．Don't mention _62_ stuff such as how Dad has been sleeping on the couch, Ursiny says．And don't complain that Mom has been late preparing breakfast．

Instead, Ursiny says, kids should try to put themselves in their parents' _63_．Learning how to _64_that type of understanding might help you out in the future．"The most successful people, can develop a sympathetic feeling for others," he says．

1.A．everything         B．something        C．anything         D．nothing

2.A．how                B．whatever         C．why              D．when

3.A．important          B．interesting     C．hard             D．easy

4.A．movies             B．meals            C．parties          D．hobbies

5.A．look up            B．light up        C．make up          D．keep up

6.A．in               B．on                 C．into             D．onto

7.A．neglect            B．avoid            C．prevent          D．ignore

8.A．when               B．unless           C．but              D．because

9.A．believe            B．accept           C．understand       D．agree

10.A．While             B．As               C．If               D．Since

11.A．show              B．compare          C．balance          D．match

12.A．Make sure         B．Pay attention    C．Watch out        D．Take care

13.A．incredible                            B．special          C．embarrassing     D．personal

14.A．shoes            B．clothes          C．condition        D．location

15.A．produce           B．shape       C．raise            D．develop

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Parents, our first teachers, play a highly significant role in our lives．However, doesn't it seem that many of us come to have conflicts with them when we start high school? We're less likely to listen to them and take their suggestions—we even rebel against them．

Why? It may be the so-called "generation gap"．A generation gap appears when we begin to feel our parents

are ignoring us, don't understand us, and we feel we can no longer share our feelings with them．

The key reason is our desire for independence．In senior high school, we start to want to take responsibility for our own lives and make our own decisions．But parents resist this．They still want to control us and try to force us to do things they think we should do．Debate and discussion often come to nothing．Gradually, we talk with them less, and keep our feelings locked up inside．

Zhang Xiaoyun, 16, of Ningbo, Zhejiang, has talked less and less with her mother since she started senior high school．"She believes studies should be my priority, not my inner world," Zhang said．"Each day, she asks me the same old questions like, 'How was your last exam? or 'Have you made any progress in physics?" To Zhang, these questions are annoying and so she always tries to ignore them and answers perfunctorily．"Sometimes, when I get upset, I quarrel with her．After, she comes to apologize and comfort me．But I know, she doesn't completely understand me," Zhang said．Now, a home that was once full of laughter has fallen into gloom and silence．

The generation gap can be harmful．Because of the lack of communication, our parents no longer know what we are thinking about．There are quarrels, even over trivial things．When that happens, we may not be able to concentrate on our studies．Some of us even become afraid to go home after school— a very serious situation for the whole family．

1.Which of the following is not included in article?

A．The causes of generation gap．           B．The effects of generation gap．

C．One example of generation gap．          D．Ways of narrowing generation gap．

2.Which of the following is one reason for the generation gap according to the passage?

A．Modern society changing very fast．

B．Parents having unrealistic hopes of their children．

C．Parents and kids not understanding and respecting each other．

D．Young people liking to escape from the control of their parents．

3.Which of the following word has the closet meaning to the underlined word "perfunctorily"?

A．attentively                          B．indifferently

C．flatteringly                        D．seriously

4.In the view of the author,____．

A．parents should allow their children more freedom

B．parents and children should not stay together

C．the younger generation should value the older generation

D．academic records are more important than one's inner world

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

RECRUITMENT ADVERTISEMENTS

1.Both of the recruiting ads include the following information EXCEPT ____．

A．positions available

B．working duties

C．the degrees needed of the applicants

D．a good command of computer skills

2.Ben is a fresh graduate, majoring in Finance．He can speak fluent English and be good at working with people Which company can he apply to?

A．Beijing City International School．

B．KAI Cable Inc．

C．Both of the firms．

D．Neither of the firms．

3.According to the 1st ad, which of the following is NOT included in the daily duties of an IT manager?

A．Making a plan of the annual expense of the department beforehand．

B．Offering assistance if people have any computer problems．

C．Analyzing the needs of the market and developing its IT systems．

D．Managing and controlling the money of the department．

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states—at least in getting people off welfare．It's estimated that more than 2 million people have left the rolls since 1994．

In the past four years, welfare rolls in Athens Country have been cut in half．But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour．T'he result: The Athens County poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average,

For advocates（代言人） for the poor, that's an indication much more needs to be done．

"More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better," says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities in Washington．

A center analysis of US Census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a greater percentage of single, female-headed households were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down．

But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory．

"Welfare was a poison．It was a toxin（毒素） that was poisoning the family," says Robert Rector, a welfare-reform policy analyst．"The reform in changing the moral climate in low-income communities．It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important．"

Mr．Rector and others argued that once "the habit of dependency is cracked," then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards．

1.Why don't people enjoy their better lives when they get jobs?

A．Because they are used to relying on welfare to make livings．

B．Because the cost of living is higher than before．

C．Because many families are below average income．

D．Because their wages are very low．

2.From the passage we know that the reconstruction of___ is the core of the reform．

A．government aids

B．work ethic

C．welfare funds

D．moral awareness

3.From the example of the Athens County, we know great efforts should be done for the poor to ___.

A．improve their living standards

B．to help them be employed

C．to get them off welfare

D．to increase their wage

4.From the passage, it can be inferred that the author ___．

A．is completely certain about the success of welfare reform

B．thinks that welfare reform has done little good for the poor

C．insists welfare reform has increased the government's burden

D．considers welfare reform fundamentally successful

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions: Read the following passage and choose the most suitable heading from A—F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need．

A．The results explained why time passes quickly when we are dealing with more tasks

B．Time flies when you are having fun and drags when you are bored．

C．Volunteers were told to finish three different tasks in the study．

D．There are areas of the brain having the function of estimating time．

E．Concentrating on time passing is probably a more accurate perception of reality

F．Focusing on' the duration or the color the of image makes trips speed．

1.

Scans have shown that patterns of activity in the brain change depending on how we focus on a task． Concentrating on time passing, as we do when bored, will trigger brain activity which will make it seem as though the clock is ticking more slowly．

2.

In the study, 12 volunteers watched an image while researchers monitored their brain activity using MRI scans．Volunteers were given a variety of tasks．In one they were told to concentrate simply on the duration of an image, in another they were asked to focus on the color, and in a third they were asked to concentrate on both duration and color．

3.

The results showed that a network of brain regions was activated when more subjects were paid attention to duration．It is thought that if the brain is busy focusing on many aspects of a task, then it has to spread its resources thinly, and pays less heed（注意） to time passing．Therefore, time passes without us really noticing it, and seems to go quickly．

4.

However, if the brain is not stimulated in this way, it concentrates its full energies on monitoring the passing of time．This may make time seem to drag, but in fact the researchers found that the more volunteers concentrated on the duration of the images, the more accurate were their estimates of its duration．

5.

Lead researcher Dr Jennifer Coull said many of the areas of the brain involved in estimating time were the same that played a key role in controlling movement, and preparing for action．She said this overlap suggests that the brain may make sense of time as intervals between movements, in much the same way as a musician marks time with his foot, or an athlete anticipates the sound of a starter's pistol（手枪）．

难度: 中等查看答案及解析

Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．

使用手机发短信俗称“拇指文化”(Thumb Culture)，这种文化日益成为青年人热衷的一种交流方式，但有人也提出多用手机发短信(text message)会造成很多负面影响。

假设你学校举行了一场关于发短信优劣的辩论赛，请描述一下辩论赛的情况，阐明正方和反方的观点，并说明你支持哪一方，以及你的理由。

难度: 中等查看答案及解析