Rivers are the veins of the Earth, transporting the water and nutrients (营养物) needed to support the planet’s ecosystems, including human life. While many nutrients are essential to the survival of life, there is one element transported by water in rivers that holds the key to life and to the future of our planet — carbon.
Carbon is everywhere and understanding the way it moves and is either released or stored by the Earth system is a complex science in itself. Carbon starts its journey downstream when natural acid rain, which contains carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, melts minerals in rocks. This helps transform carbon dioxide to bicarbonate (碳酸氢盐) in the water that then flows in our rivers. This is a very long process, which is one of the main ways carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere. Carbon is transported by rivers to oceans and once that carbon reaches the ocean, it is stored naturally in deep sea sediments (沉淀物) for millions of years.
As carbon travels down a river, different processes may impact whether it continues to flow downstream or whether it is released into the atmosphere. For example, human engineering, like extensive dam construction, will result in dramatic changes to how water and sediments travel down the river. Some carbon that fails to reach the sea may return to the atmosphere in some way, which causes more warming.
Earth’s climate is closely related to the carbon cycle. We all know about the essential role of plants in consuming carbon dioxide, but do we know enough about rivers? Changing the chemistry and the course of rivers may have significant impacts on how they transport carbon. Remember: wherever we live, we all live downstream.
1.Where is the carbon in rivers originally from?
A.The atmosphere. B.The rocks.
C.The acid rain. D.The upstream areas.
2.Why is human engineering mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A.To show how important to life carbon is.
B.To explain how necessary it is to build dams.
C.To show how a natural process is interrupted.
D.To explain how humans fight global warming.
3.What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph?
A.We’d better move upstream to live.
B.We should protect plants along rivers.
C.We’d better seek more help from plants.
D.We should be cautious about river management.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.What Humans Do with Rivers
B.How Rivers’ Transporting Carbon Counts
C.What the Carbon Cycle Means to Us
D.How Living Downstream Affects the Earth
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
In the winter of 1664-65, a bitter cold fell on London in the days before Christmas. Above the city, an unusually bright comet (彗星) shot across the sky, exciting much prediction of a snow storm. Outside the city wall, a woman was announced dead of a disease that was spreading in that area. Her house was locked up and the phrase “Lord Have Mercy On Us” was painted on the door in red.
By the following Christmas, the virus that had killed the woman would go on to kill nearly 100,000 people living in and around London — almost a third of those who did not flee.
In The Great Plague (瘟疫), historian A. Lloyd Moote and microbiologist Dorothy C. Moote provide a deeply informed account of this plague year. Reading the book, readers are taken from the palaces of the city’s wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vast majority of Londoners were living, and to the surrounding countryside with those who fled. The Mootes point out that, even at the height of the plague, the city did not fall into chaos. Doctors, nurses and the church staff remained in the city to care for the sick; city officials tried their best to fight the crisis with all the legal tools; and commerce continued even as businesses shut down.
To describe life and death in and around London, the authors focus on the experiences of nine individuals. Through their letters and diaries, the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in the history of the Great Plague: how different communities understood and experienced the disease; how medical, religious, and government bodies reacted; how well the social order held together; the economic and moral dilemmas people faced when debating whether to flee the city; and the nature of the material, social, and spiritual resources supporting those who remained. Based on humanity (人性), the authors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by — and daringly resisting — unimaginable horror.
1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?
A.A comet always follows a storm.
B.London was under an approaching threat.
C.London was prepared for the disease.
D.The woman was the beginning of the disease.
2.What do the Mootes say about London during the Great Plague?
A.The city remained organized.
B.The plague spared the rich areas.
C.The people tried a lot in vain.
D.The majority fled and thus survived.
3.Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals?
A.They were famous people in history.
B.They all managed to survive the Plague.
C.They provided vivid stories of humanity.
D.They united by thinking and acting as one.
4.What’s the purpose of this text?
A.To introduce a new book.
B.To correct a misunderstanding.
C.To report a new research.
D.To show respect to the authors.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
My 12-year-old son Jack hit a milestone last summer. “Mom, I’m quitting the piano,” he said firmly.
Immediately, I said, “You can’t.” “Why?” he asked. “Because I said so.” And the battle followed. Many of you know the battle I am talking about. It’s the one where all of a sudden instrument that once filled the home with wonderful music are abandoned in favor of sports, games and all cool things. When Jack started piano lessons in the second grade, he took to music eagerly, displaying interest and talent. Over the next few years, he willingly entered competitions recommended by his teacher.
Much to our son’s sadness, my husband and I decided to stand firm. While parents allowed their children to win battles now and then, this was one that my husband and I were not willing to concede. We decided, however, to give him a choice of taking up another instrument. We suggested the guitar.
He was open to meeting a couple of instructors. “My hands are too small,” he complained. But the student who came after us was a 5-year-old girl.
I suggested changing teachers. He said he wanted a teacher who was “nice”. I understood that meant “no stress”. Finally, we found a male teacher with a gentle voice and a great sense of humor. He said that competitions were not his thing; playing music was.
After my son’s first lesson with his new teacher, I took a deep breath and braced myself for the usual negative complaints. “Mom, he makes me like the piano again,” my son announced as we headed to the car.
And then, cheerful piano music filled the house during the long winter evenings. The playing wasn’t as long as I would have liked or as frequent as it used to be. But it’s sweet, still the same.
1.What made Jack want to give up the piano?
A.Having no talent in music.
B.Having other cool things to do.
C.Failing in music competitions.
D.Being very busy with his lessons.
2.Why did Jack complain about his small hands?
A.To remind his mom of his weakness.
B.To show his embarrassment in learning.
C.To find an excuse to quit learning the guitar.
D.To prove the difficulty of playing the guitar.
3.What did Jack like his music teacher to do?
A.Play the guitar very well.
B.Not push him too much.
C.Help him win a competition.
D.Not report him to his parents.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Outside， it's a cold winter's day． Inside a large shopping center， people are hanging around． But then， without warning， a pop song starts to play loudly． A teenager boy walks lazily to the center of the open space， and dances crazily to the music． He's joined by two of his friends， then some of the old people． Within the space of a few seconds， more than sixty people are dancing to the music - all in time and all in step． At first， onlookers are baffled， then they start smiling and clapping． They now know what they're seeing： a flash mob （快闪）．
According to Wikipedia， the term "flash mob" was created by Bill Wasik， an editor at Harper's Magazine， in 2003． Within a year， the phrase had entered the Concise Oxford English Dictionary． Since then， hundreds - possibly thousands - of flash mobs have been carried out around the world， in almost every kind of public space imaginable!
Each flash mob has its own style， but most flash mobs follow a similar formula （方案）． Often， the organizers search for willing participants using social media． Instructions and dance moves are given through email or video download． There are usually several rehearsals （排练） before the big day．
While it's happening， a few lucky passers-by watch it live． Most people who watch it， however， will see it later online． Some of the most popular flash mobs on YouTube have been watched more than 10million times． A famous example is MP3Experiment Eight， a flash mob that took place in New York City in July 2011 with over 3，500 participants． This event differed from normal flash mobs in that much of it was completely silent - and there were no rehearsals．
Flash mobs provide the participants， onlookers and online viewers with a lot of enjoyment and pleasure． For this reason alone， they're a modern， popular art form that should be celebrated．
1.What does the underlined word "baffled" in Paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A.Excited． B.Puzzled．
C.Satisfied． D.Disappointed．
2.Why does the author mention the Concise Oxford English Dictionary？ ______
A.To argue against Bill Wasik．
B.To compare it with Wikipedia．
C.To explain the meaning of "flash mob"．
D.To show the rapid development of flash mobs．
3.What is special about MP3Experiment Eight？ ______
A.It was played online．
B.It was the earliest flash mob．
C.It was played with no sound．
D.It was most accepted by the audience．
4.What is the author's opinion on flash mobs？ ______
A.Supportive． B.Hopeless．
C.Uncaring． D.Doubtful．
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
What does the woman want to do?
A.Go to hospital. B.Eat something cool. C.Make the man a cup of tea.
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
What does the man order?
A.Tea. B.Coffee. C.Salad.
难度: 简单查看答案及解析
Where are the speakers?
A.At a hospital. B.At a bank. C.At a school.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
How will the speakers get to the railway station?
A.By taxi. B.By car. C.By subway.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A.Friends. B.Salesman and customer. C.Boss and employee.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.Chinese tea.
B.Famous places in China.
C.Different kinds of tea in the world.
2.How does black tea taste according to the woman?
A.Sweet. B.Heavy. C.Light.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What does the man think of literature?
A.It’s helpful. B.It’s hard. C.It’s interesting.
2.What subject does the woman like most?
A.Art history. B.Photography. C.Geography.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.What do we know about the hotel in Sitges?
A.It's far from the beach.
B.It's beside a busy road.
C.It's near a bus stop.
2.What can people enjoy in the hotel?
A.Football games. B.KTV. C.Keep-fit classes.
3.What will the speakers do next?
A.Ask for a lower price.
B.Look around the hotel.
C.Explain to the manager.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1.Whom is the party for?
A.Dan. B.Julie. C.Jane.
2.When will the guests arrive?
A.At 4:00. B.At 5:00. C.At 6:00.
3.What has been prepared?
A.A special cake. B.Drinks. C.Candles.
4.What happened in the party last year?
A.The police came.
B.The building caught fire.
C.The neighbors got drunk.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1.What is expected tonight around five or six?
A.Ice. B.Rain. C.Snow.
2.How many inches of snow are predicted?
A.One or two. B.Three or four. C.Five or six.
3.Why did the high schools close?
A.The college has already shut.
B.The roads are dangerous to drive on.
C.The town is unprepared for the weather.
4.Which suggestion does the weatherman make?
A.Buying supplies. B.Closing the schools. C.Pushing snow off roads.
难度: 困难查看答案及解析
If you’re struggling to start or complete a task, give yourself some encouragement to keep going.
A bit of pressure can help, so ask a friend, family member, or group to keep you responsible. Here are some ways to stay responsible.
Create a list of tasks for yourself. Keep the list somewhere visible, such as your desk or computer monitor. As you complete each task, cross it off the list. 1.. When you’ve finished everything, you’ll feel a great sense of satisfaction that will keep you going on your next project.
2.. A responsible partner is someone who checks in on you time to time to see how you are doing with your goals. Ask a friend, or colleague if they would be willing to be your responsible partner.
Join a working group that focuses on the same activity. A group can help you slay on track while giving you support, feedback, and praise to keep you moving forward. 3. or check with your local community center, library, or town hall.
Create a routine for yourself. Build a schedule that works for you, and keep it consistent day to day.
4. Even if you’re not feeling up to the task, a routine can help you get in the right head space to accomplish it.
Decide ahead of time how you will deal with setbacks. 5.. This will make you more prepared to deal with them instead of letting them get in the way of your work.
A.It is very convenient
B.Find a responsible partner
C.Turning to help is a probable way
D.Look for groups online through social media
E.This can give you a small boost of motivation
F.Plan for problems and obstacles before they occur
G.Try to do the same activities or tasks at the same time every day
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
It’s amazing how one dollar can change the culture of a school.
We have a ___________ school of about 30 students. It is really full of _____________ and pressure as most of the kids get good _______ and try to be the best ones. It’s good except that a lot of us middle kids felt really _______. We got the feeling that we were so selfish—it’s every man for _______.
_______, my friend and I set out to find a way to _________ the culture. We thought doing things for others was the only way to _______ our depression(沮丧) about school.
On the first day of school we put a ___________ folded into a heart into one of the leaders’ lockers with a piece of paper that ______________, “Buy yourself a snack.” We hoped to ______________ small gifts every day. We didn’t know the ________ it would have.
People went ________ over it and everyone was talking about who it might be doing the acts of kindness and ________ that they should do something too. It is so much fun to see the ________ on everyone’s faces now! Lots of other people have started sharing ________ now too: chocolate bars, cookies and money left ________ in the vending machine(自动售货机). And lots of notes are on the thanks board saying: “Thanks to whoever started.”
Now I actually expect to go to school to have the chance to ______________ people up. I hope kindness will __________ to other schools. If anybody is struggling with being ______________ at school and work, I totally suggested doing acts of kindness.
1.A.small B.large C.lovely D.terrible
2.A.confidence B.competition C.determination D.difficulty
3.A.grades B.books C.results D.teachers
4.A.interested B.pressured C.satisfied D.embarrassed
5.A.others B.yourself C.nothing D.himself
6.A.In return B.In charge C.In response D.In anger
7.A.realize B.enrich C.exchange D.change
8.A.deal with B.live with C.come up with D.keep up with
9.A.paper B.gift C.dollar D.ticket
10.A.wrote B.said C.told D.printed
11.A.give up B.give away C.give in D.give off
12.A.problem B.opinion C.effect D.attitude
13.A.wild B.sad C.angry D.peaceful
14.A.regretting B.disagreeing C.doubting D.deciding
15.A.tears B.pain C.smiles D.terror
16.A.happiness B.selfishness C.kindness D.sadness
17.A.by accident B.as usual C.in surprise D.on purpose
18.A.bring B.cheer C.speed D.hold
19.A.spread B.refer C.react D.take
20.A.ignored B.concerned C.confused D.depressed
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
With plenty of time at home during the 1.(extend) Spring Festival break, Leng Yang came up with an innovative idea involving the use of shells 2. popular Lunar New Year snacks. 3. 30-year-old designer spent three days 4.(make) a figure of Mickey Mouse. A video of him putting the artwork together 5.(view) more than 100 million times online.
Leng said on the video: “Give 6.(shell) a new lease(新生) on life. Salute to the Year of the Rat,” adding that he decided to make the figure in an attempt to beat 7.(bored).
He was unable to meet friends over Spring Festival 8. the novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out, 9. chose to share his work with millions of netizens on social media platforms such as Sina Weibo and Douyin.
Inspired by his efforts, many kindergarten students have been asked by their teachers to use shells 10.(create) such figures.
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Many different people ________ the development of TV.
A.led to B.contributed to C.stuck to D.are addicted to
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
Modern TVs use many of the ________ first discovered by Farnsworth.
A.principles B.principals C.probabilities D.prohibitions
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
They also make TV____to people who live far away from cities.
A.separable B.flexible C.accessible D.sensible
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
The telephone is very____for communication.
A.intelligent B.obedient C.patient D.convenient
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
This article will____two drugs that started revolutions in medicine.
A.carry on B.fix on C.focus on D.rely on
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
The company began____the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients.
A.distributing B.contributing C.separating D.displaying
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
The government approval process for penicillin was____, and mass production began in 1944.
A.allocated B.accelerated C.associated D.accumulated
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
These traditional medicines had the____of either causing people to bleed or have a severe stomach upset.
A.trial B.professional C.survival D.potential
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
One of the most famous Chinese medical____is the art of “magic needles”, or acupuncture.
A.treatments B.improvements C.developments D.managements
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
A lot of people now____these theories relating acupuncture to the production of chemicals to reduce pain.
A.get down to B.come to C.subscribe to D.look forward to
难度: 中等查看答案及解析
假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写一封信用于投稿。
1. 表达谢意；
2. 个人感受；
3. 表达信心。注意:
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。参考词汇:流行病 epidemic
疫情 epidemic situation
新型冠状病毒 COVID-19
Dear medical workers,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
难度: 中等查看答案及解析