People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1.The discovery shows that Westerners _____________.
A.pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B.consider facial expressions universally reliable
C.observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D.have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
2.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The participants in the study. B.The researchers of the study.
C.The errors made during the study. D.The data collected from the study.
3.What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D.How to increase Cross-cultural Understanding
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1.The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
2.What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers’ faces.
3.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study. B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study. D. The data collected from the study.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scan evenly(均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggests that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1.What were the people asked to do in the study?
A.To make a face at each other.
B.To get their faces impressive.
C.To classify (分类) some face pictures.
D.To observe the researchers' faces
2.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The participants in the study. B.The researchers of the study.
C.The errors made during the study. D.The data collected from the study.
3.In comparison(比较) with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________.
A.do translation more successfully
B.study the mouth more frequently
C.examine the eyes more attentively
D.read facial expressions more correctly
4.What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D.How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions--and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect the mouth."
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Whites and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less."
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
1.The discovery shows that Westerners __
A.pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth |
B.consider facial expressions universally reliable |
C.observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways |
D.have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions |
2.What were the people asked to do in the study?
A.To make a face at each other. |
B.To get their faces impressive. |
C.To classify some face pictures. |
D.To observe the researchers' faces. |
3.What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A.The participants in the study. |
B.The researchers of the study. |
C.The errors made during the study. |
D.The data collected from the study. |
4.In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to __
A.do translation more successfully |
B.study the mouth more frequently |
C.examine the eyes more attentively |
D.read facial expressions more correctly |
5.What can be the best title for the passage?
A.The Eye as the Window to the Soul |
B.Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions |
C.Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills |
D.How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding |
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales promotions or just plain urge. But what normally _______the shopping madness is not_______but regret. That’s because many people just buy things to fill the _______in their hearts, but buying more things _______ indicates the burden in their minds.
The concept of Danshari may provide a(n)_______ to the problem. Danshari was based on three Chinese characters, duan she li, which _______ refusal, disposal (清除) and separation. It promotes the idea of getting rid of _______ things and separating oneself from the drive to own_______possessions. There are two basic rules that_______whether you should keep something—the relationship between you and the item under ________ as well as the timing. So before you ____________ your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I ________ it now? Does it suit me?
Danshari encourages you not only to ________ things, but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them. Nowadays, people need to learn to ________ their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and ________ items, regularly ________ things you don’t need any more, then you’ll get freedom in your heart.
However, it doesn’t mean that you should ________ your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should ________ yourself rather than material things. Through ________ what to buy and what to get rid of, you can see a deeper reflection of yourself, ________ learning to make wise decisions about more important things.
1.A. prevents B. starts C. follows D. promotes
2.A. expectation B. relief C. wealth D. satisfaction
3.A. silence B. needs C. emptiness D. space
4.A. finally B. actually C. gradually D. eventually
5.A. solution B. limit C. alternative D. introduction
6.A. means B. abolishes C. violates D. predicts
7.A. updated B. temporary C. used D. unnecessary
8.A. material B. private C. valuable D. popular
9.A. prove B. permit C. decide D. affect
10.A. guarantee B. discussion C. control D. consideration
11.A. change B. create C. enter D. provide
12.A. match B. try C. want D. need
13.A. get along with B. get rid of C. get over D. get through
14.A. fix B. risk C. simplify D. enrich
15.A. special B. suitable C. cheap D. optional
16.A. discover B. abandon C. update D. recycle
17.A. kill B. realize C. balance D. recognize
18.A. reflect on B. give up C. focus on D. cheer up
19.A. choosing B. avoiding C. comparing D. mentioning
20.A. rather B. therefore C. otherwise D. however
高一英语完形填空困难题查看答案及解析
People tend to become more personal and hide less of themselves when using email. Researchers from Open University in Britain have found in a recent study that there are good reasons for this.
The team of researchers asked 83 pairs of students, all strangers to each other, to solve a problem. They had to discuss this question: If only five people in the world could be saved from a world disaster, who should they be? The pairs of students had to talk over the problem either face to face or by computers. Dr. Johnson said, “They told their partners four times as much about themselves when they talked over the Internet as when they talked face to face. When the computers were fitted with cameras so that students could see each other, this limited the personal side of the conversation.”
Generally the information was not extremely personal. It was mainly about things such as where they went to school, or where they used to live. But some students discussed their love stories, and personal childhood experiences.
Dr Johnson believes that emailing encourages people to focus on themselves. And when they do this, they become more open, especially if there are no cameras. “If you cannot see the other person, it becomes easier to talk about yourself. This is because you are not thinking what the other person is thinking of you. So emailing has become the modern way of talking,” said Dr. Johnson. However, this style of talking is not entirely new. “In the 19th century people started to use the ‘telegraph’ to communicate. Now the same kind of thing has happened and people ended up speaking more freely.”
Dr. Johnson thinks that emailers need to know about these effects of emailing, especially when they start work in a company. “ If you don’t know about it, you could find yourself saying more about yourself than you wanted to.”
1.The subject discussed in this passage is _______.
A.how people open up when emailing B.how people do research studies
C.how to communicate at work D.how to discuss and solve a problem
2.The reason that some couples talked freely about themselves is that _______.
A.they didn’t talk about very personal things B.they couldn’t see each other
C.the cameras on the computers were turned on D.they had to discuss a question
3.What does the underlined sentence refer to?
A.The telegraph. B.The computer. C.Emailing. D.Face-to-face talk.
4.In the writer’s opinion, one should ______.
A.focus on oneself when emailing B.talk more freely in emails than usual
C.discuss any subject that one wants to D.consider how one uses email at work
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Football, to me, is more than just a game. I have probably learned more than valuable lessons from it than from school.
When I joined the team freshman year, I didn’t realize what I was getting into. Even though I had been playing since fourth grade and knew it was hard work, nothing would prepare me for the effort I would put into football that year. We worked all summer in the weight room and ran on the track to get in physical and mental shape before the season.
See, football is more of a mental sport than anything else, so running on the track wasn’t only about getting in shape . We would push our minds by running as hard as we could even if we felt like we were going to pass out. At the beginning, I was immature (幼稚的) and only thought of myself, sometimes even giving up when I was tired or hurting. Then after the third game I had a season-ending injury. Imagine working all summer and then only being able to play three games! I needed surgery on my arm and at least five months to recover.
After freshman year I decided that I would always give my best effort. Playing varsity (大学代表队) football has taught me so much more than just what my tasks are on a particular play or how to block. I have learned to think about others first, and realized how important working hard is. Being with all my friends, even sweating and bleeding with them, really made us unite as a group of hard-working young men, who will succeed in life.
65. What is the text mainly about?
A. How the author dislikes the game of football.
B. When the author began to play football.
C. How the author has changed his attitude to football.
D. What sport the author likes best.
66. The author thinks football is ________.
A. just a game B. of a mental sport C. hard to pass out D. not worth his effort
67. From the text we can infer ________.
A. the author joined the football team with a clear aim.
B. football only brought the author certain tasks
C. the author worked all summer to get ready for the season.
D. the author never lost heart when he met with difficulties.
68. In the third paragraph, the phrase “getting in shape” probably means ________.
A. becoming physically fit B. designing the playground
C. losing weight D. measuring the track
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
More women are graduating from colleges than men.The situation is causing some people to worry about the future.The trend could cause social problems,according to a report on July 8 by the Washington Post.
Women received about 57 percent of the bachelor’s degrees awarded this year from colleges and universities in the United States.The figure of 57 percent has been the highest since World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.During the war,many men were in the military.
The gap between men and women is greater among African Americans and Hispanics.Two AfricanAmerican women receive a degree for every AfricanAmerican man.Only 40 percent of Hispanics who get a degree are males.
The USA Department of Education estimates 698,000 females received bachelor’s degree this year.The number of male graduates was 529,000.The trend toward more female graduates began in the mid1980s.Nobody seems to know why.However,many theories exist.
Researchers say the trend could lead to social problems.They also say this may indicate two things.It may reflect the increasing success of women.But it also may show the educational problems affecting men.
High school graduation rates are slightly lower for men than for women.Males also make up the vast majority of students in special education classes.
The Business Roundtable is studying the trend.The group is an organization of chief executives of some of the nation’s largest corporations.Susan Traiman is the director of the group’s education policy.Traiman said the nation couldn’t afford to let half its population fail to develop skills needed for the future.
1.Some people worry about the future because ________.
A.there are many social problems in America
B.more and more men don’t like the life in college
C.more AfricanAmerican women receive a degree
D.fewer and fewer men receive a degree than women in America
2.Which one of the following statements is right according to this passage?
A.There must be something wrong with the education system.
B.40% of the Hispanics get a degree in America.
C.Nobody knows the reason why more women get a degree than men.
D.More than half of the men received bachelor’s degrees this year.
3.The underlined word “estimates” in the fourth paragraph means ________.
A.guesses B.explains C.introduces D.discovers
4.What Susan Traiman said means that ________.
A.the nation should prevent the women from receiving further education
B.the nation would be too poor to develop its education
C.the nation didn’t have enough money for women’s further education
D.the nation should encourage men to develop skills for the future
5.What is the main subject discussed in the text?
A.Women are more successful in America than men.
B.More women than men are graduating from college.
C.Men are more successful in America than women.
D.There are two kinds of social problems in America.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Football, to me, is more than just a game. I have probably learned more valuable lessons from it than from school.
When I joined the team freshman year, I didn’t realize what I was getting into. Even though I had been playing since fourth grade and knew it was hard work, nothing would prepare me for the effort I would put into football that year. We worked all summer in the weight room and ran on the track to get in physical and mental shape before the season.
See, football is more of a mental sport than anything else, so running on the track wasn’t only about getting in shape, we would push our minds by running as hard as we could even if we were going to pass out. At the beginning, I was immature(幼稚)and only thought of myself, sometimes even gave up when I was tired or hurt. Then after the third game I had a season-ending injury. Imagine working all summer and then only being able to play three games! I needed surgery(外科手术)on my arm and at least five months to recover.
Needless to say, I missed the rest of the season, but this actually helped me realize that since you never know when your last play will be, you should try your hardest in football and life.
After freshman year I decided that I would always give my best effort. Playing varsity(校队的)football has taught me so much more than just what my assignments are on a particular play or how to block. I have learned to think about others first and realized how important working hard is. Being with all my friends, even sweating and bleeding with them, really made us bond as a group of hard-working young men who I know will succeed in life.
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How the author dislikes the game of football.
B. When the author began to play football.
C. How the writer changed his attitude to football.
D. What sport the author likes best.
2.The author thinks football ________?
A. just a game B. of a mental sport
C. hard to be out of-date D. not worth his effort
3.In the third paragraph, the underlined phrase “getting in shape” probably means “________”.
A. becoming healthy B. designing the playground
C. losing weight D. measuring the track
4.From the text we can infer ________.
A. the author joined the football team with a clear aim
B. football only brought the author certain assignment.
C. the author never lost heart
D. the author worked all summer to get ready for the season
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is reported that up to now, mountain slides have cut off more than ten villages from the outside world, ______more than 100 hundred people alive and ______ many houses.
A. buried; destroyed B. burying; destroying
C. to bury; to destroy D. being buried; being destroyed
高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
.After the earthquake, more than 100,000 local people have no place to live, so these tents (帐篷) are supposed _____ there as soon as possible.
A. sending B. to send
C. being sent D. to be sent
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析