-
Electric Shock
Injuries caused by electric shock are fairly common. When a person has received an electric shock，no one should go near him/her until the current has been turned off.
If a shock occurring at work or at home causes someone to lose consciousness（知觉）, electrical connection must be broken before anyone tries to give assistance. You should either turn off the switch at the mains or，if that is not possible，push the person away with a dry piece of wood.
Treatment of Shock
Look out for signs of shock. People who have been injured or who may have lost a lot of blood, or those who have had heart attacks, may be in deep shock. The signs to look for are faintness, paleness, a moist，sticky skin, shallow, rapid breathing and a fast but weak heartbeat.
Shock can prove fatal, and it is essential to do something to prevent its developing. The best way to treat or prevent shock is to keep the patient lying down , better with the legs higher than the head；if possible，raise the lower part of the body on a rolled-up packet or similar object. Make the patient as comfortable as possible，loosening any tight clothing，and comfort him/her because fright increases the effects of shock.
1.What would happen if you didn’t turn off the current when you had to treat an unconscious person who had just received an electric shock?
A. He would regain his consciousness soon.
B. He would die soon.
C. Electrical connection would be broken.
D. You would be in danger of getting the shock yourself.
2.Match the pictures with the passages.
A. Picture 2. Electric Shock; Picture 3. Treatment of Shock
B. Picture 1. Electric Shock; Picture 4. Treatment of Shock
C. Picture 4. Electric Shock; Picture 2. Treatment of Shock
D. Picture 3. Electric Shock; Picture 1. Treatment of Shock
-
①A quarter of women and two-thirds of the men in a study chose to experience an electric shock (电击) rather than do nothing and spend time alone with their thoughts, which shows we hate being alone.
②Solitude (独处) has had a bad reputation (名声) because it is sometimes used as a form of punishment, said Robert Coplan, a professor of psychology at Carleton University.
③The problem is that we forget solitude can also be a choice and it does not have to be full time, because there is so much research showing that humans are social creatures who benefit from communicating with others. “People will try to dismiss that it’s also important to spend time alone,” said Coplan. “It’s hard for them to imagine that you can have both.”
④People often feel inhabited (拘谨的) from enjoying activities alone, especially when they worry others are watching and judging them. It can stop us from doing things that will bring us joy.
⑤Indeed, loneliness hurts — it can even negatively impact your health. But the mere act of being alone with oneself does not have to be bad.
⑥An online survey called “The Red Test” showed that activities considered to be most relaxing are things that are done alone. Spending time alone is actually something our bodies long for and we need to make ourselves feel better.
⑦The freedom of not having to follow the lead of others, with no pressure to do anything, to talk to anyone, or to make plans with people, is a great way to relax, even for highly social individuals. It also helps us discover new interests and ideas without having to worry about the opinions of others.
⑧Developing this sense of being alone and making the choice to be alone can help develop your sense of self. Knowing oneself makes it easier to find other people who share your passions and develop true friendships.
⑨Don’t confuse loneliness with time by yourself. The latter can improve your creativity and confidence, and help you control your emotions so that you can better deal with different situations. Getting started is easy — all you need is yourself.
1.The underlined word “It” in paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A.anxiety about what others think of you
B.social worries about spending time alone
C.imagination of the effects of feeling lonely
D.the choice of feeling lonely or being alone
2.The benefits of being alone do not include ________.
A.exploring our interests B.widening our circle
C.reducing our pressure D.improving our confidence
3.What’s the author’s attitude towards being alone?
A.Disapproving. B.Doubtful.
C.Uninterested. D.Supportive.
4.Which is the structure of the passage?
A.
B.
C.
D.
-
Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by lightning. Witnesses (目击者) thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from lightning. However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
1.The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that ________.
A. a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B. he had to live in a dark and silent world
C. he was struck by lightning once more
D. nobody in the world cared about him
2.What was James doing when he was struck by lightning?
A. Sheltering from the rain under a tree.
B. Putting an end to his life.
C. Taking a walk with a stick.
D. Lying on the ground.
3.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Terrible Electrical Accident
B. James Franco and His Wife
C. An Unforgettable Experience
D. What a Sudden Shock
-
Having experienced a shocking electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and deaf, James Franco’s world became completely dark and quiet for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by lightning. Witnesses (目击者) thought he was dead but he woke up 20 minutes later, lying face down in muddy water. He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he saw: a tree and a muddy road. When Mrs. Franco came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of James regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from lightning. However, none of them could give a compelling answer as to why this should happen. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since James lost his sight and hearing as a result of a sudden shock, perhaps, the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
1.The reason why James attempted to kill himself was that ________.
A. a terrible electrical accident happened to him
B. he had to live in a dark and silent world
C. he was struck by lightning once more
D. nobody in the world cared about him
2.What was James doing when he was struck by lightning?
A. Sheltering from the rain under a tree.
B. Putting an end to his life.
C. Taking a walk with a stick.
D. Lying on the ground.
3.What does the underlined word “compelling” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. wrong B. convincing C. unexplained D. true
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. A Terrible Electrical Accident
B. James Franco and His Wife
C. An Unforgettable Experience
D. What a Sudden Shock!
-
Nowadays we can see more and more electric bikes in the street. Electric bikes are easy . They run fast and make pollution. So they become very in many big cities in China.
But the electric bikes also more traffic accidents. So China plans to make a new rule_ the electric bike riders. If an electric bike is than 40 kilos and can go faster than 20 kilometers an hour, its rider must get a It means riders have to pass driving tests they ride their electric bikes on the road.
People have different ideas about the plan. welcome the plan because they think it will make the street much safer. But some are not the new rules at all. One rider said, “I don’t want to get a license or like that. That’s too much trouble.”
What’s your idea? Have you ridden an electric bike yet? Share your opinion or your own experience us!
1.A. ride B. to be ridden C. riding D. to ride
2.A.much B. many C. few D. little
3.A. popular B. difficult C. strong D. interesting
4.A. plan. B. cause C. provide D. decide
5.A. from B. to C. for D. with
6.A. bigger B. heavier C. longer D. better
7.A. license B. photo C. ID card D. magazine
8.A. during B. after C. before D. though
9.A. None B. Some C. Each D. Every
10.A. terrified of B. worried about C. sorry about D. happy with
11.A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
12.A. to B. with C. by D. on
-
----- Could I use your electric dictionary?
----- Yes._______.
| A．By all means | B．You could | C．You’ve got it | D．I’m using it myself |
-
The world’s top automakers are increasingly offering more electric vehicle models. This growth is expected to continue， with more people choosing to hit the road with clean-running electric- powered cars.
Environmentalists have praised the automakers for taking major steps to limit harmful pollutants linked to worldwide climate change. But electric vehicles are also known for not producing another kind of pollution—noise. They run on batteries instead of fuel， and can operate in silence.
While many people might consider this a good thing， quiet cars can also cause problems. The main danger is that people walking in areas around electric vehicles face a greater risk of being hit if they cannot hear the cars coming.
Governments in the United States and Europe have recognized this problem. So， they have set requirements for manufacturers to add warning sounds to vehicles operating on electricity.
The U.S.Department of Transportation finalized its rules a year ago. The rules require electric and hybrid (混合能源) vehicles to be equipped with some kind of warning sound when moving at speeds up to 30 kilometers per hour. The rules are aimed at preventing injuries among people walking or riding bicycles and to protect the blind.
So what kinds of sounds can we expect to hear from the next generation of electric vehicles? One of the easiest solutions would be for carmakers to simply reproduce the sound a car would make if it actually did run on fuel. But many industry officials believe this would be a mistake.They say this would not support the electric vehicle’s true identity. It would also limit great possibilities to link the car’s sound to a whole new image, which could help increase sales.
Frank Welsch is head of technical development at Germany’s Volkswagen. He said that finding the perfect sound mix is not an easy process. “The electric vehicle sound is its identity,” he said. “It cannot be too annoying. It cannot sound like anything we had in the past.”
An official from Mercedes-Benz said the sound was designed to provide a safe warning without annoying passengers inside the vehicle. He said the goal was to create a car that remains completely quiet on the inside, but fills the sound requirements and supports the model’s image on the outside.
It might seem strange to think that part of our automotive future is currently being developed in the same kinds of recording studios used by musicians. But that is exactly what is happening.
1.The underlined words “hit the road” in Paragraph 1 probably mean_________.
A.clean a road B.start a trip
C.avoid an accident D.reduce noise pollution
2.The first two paragraphs are mainly intended to_________.
A.introduce the topic of the passage
B.list the advantages of automobiles
C.provide some facts about electric cars
D.stress the importance of saving energy
3.Sounds are added to electric cars to_________.
A.limit pollutants B.increase sales
C.prevent injuries D.make cars smarter
4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Electric Car Sounds Promote Sales to a Large Degree
B.Recording Studios Will Create Sounds for All Electric Cars
C.Governments Call on People to Design Electric Car Sounds
D.Electric Cars Need Creative Sounds to Replace Engine Noise
-
Car companies are developing vehicles that will plug into electric sockets, ust like many laptops, digital cameras, cell phones and Mp4 do. Called “plug-in vehicles”, these cars will get most of their power from electricity. Their drivers won't have to stop at gas stations as often as usual.
The technology is more than just cool. In our car-filled world, plug-in vehicles could reduce the amount of gas we use, which keeps rising in cost now and then. Besides, driving around in these vehicles may even help the environment. Gas-burning cars produce a lot of greenhouse gas, which causes global warming.
The first company-produced plug-in vehicles could hit the roads by 2020. But engineers still have a lot of work to do to make the technology practical and inexpensive.
Batteries are the biggest challenge. In the plug-in-vehicle world，Li-ion(锂离子)batteries are getting the most attention. These batteries can store a large amount of energy in a small package, and they last a longer time between charges. Li-ion batteries can fit laptops, cell phones, heart instruments and other similar pocket ones.
But because cars are so big and heavy, it would still require a suitcase-sized Li-ion batteries to power about 12km of driving. What's more, the batteries are much expensive.
“A car filled with batteries could go a long distance,” says Ted Bohn, an electrical engineer in Chicago. “But it couldn't pull any people, and it would cost $100,000.” So researchers need to work out how to make batteries smaller and cheaper, among other questions.
“The answers don't exist yet, ” Bohn says, “As a kid, I thought someone someplace knows the answer to everything. All of these questions haven't been decided. That's what engineering is about-making a guess, running tests and getting fine results.”
1.According to the passage, the main problem of the new car is ______________.
A. the developing B. the speed
C. the appearance D. the batteries
2.Which is true according to the passage?
A. The “plug-in vehicles” will use electricity completely as driving power．
B. The new technology will help protect our environment．
C. The technology of using electricity as driving is quite practical now．
D. The biggest challenge of the new technology is that it will cost us more energy．
3.How does Bohn feel about the future of the technology according to the last paragraph?
A. Confident B. Puzzled．
C. Worried． D. Disappointed．
4.According to the passage, the new technology is facing the problems except that_______．
A. the new technology cannot come into use at present
B. the cost of the new technology is quite high
C. the government won't support the technology
D. the size of the batteries is too big at present
-
Teenagers are damaging their health because they often ______ themselves to so many electric products.
A. equip B. absorb C. devote D. expose
-
The most widespread fallacy (谬论)of all is that colds ire caused by cold. They are actually caused by viruses passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coining into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever But they do not. And in the isolated Arctic Regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the Auschwitz concentration camp，naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds. At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty rooms. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter. Despite the most pains-taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
1.The writer offered examples to support his argument
A. 4 B. 5
C. 6 D. 7
2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Eskimos suffer from colds from time to time.
B. Colds are not always caused by cold.
C. People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors.
D. A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already has one.
3.Arctic explorers may catch colds when they are .
A. working in the isolated arctic regions
B. writing reports in terribly cold weather
C. free from work in the isolated arctic regions
D. coming into touch again with the outside world
4.Volunteers taking part in the experiments in the Common Cold Research Unit .
A. suffered a lot B. never caught colds
C. often caught colds D. became very strong
5.The passage mainly discusses .
A. the experiments on the common cold
B. the fallacy about the common cold
C. the reason and the way people catch colds
D. the continued spread of common colds