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Have you ever wondered how we know the things that we know? How do we know that the stars are really huge balls of fire like the Sun and very far away? And how do we know that the Earth is a smaller ball turning round one of those stars, the Sun?
The key to those questions is“ evidence"(证据). Sometimes evidence means actually seeing (or hearing, feeling, smelling…) that something is true. Astronauts have travelled far enough from the Earth to see with their own eyes that it is round. Sometimes our eyes need help The" evening star" looks like a bright twinkle in the sky, but with a telescope( 望远镜 ) you can see that it is a beautiful ball. Something that you learn by direct seeing(or hearing or feeling… )is called an observation(观察)
Often evidence isn't just observation on its own, but observation always hides at the back of it. If there's been a murder, often nobody(except the murderer and the dead person!)actually observed it. But detectives(侦探)can gather together lots of other observations which may all point towards the suspect(嫌疑犯). If a person’s finger- prints match those found on a knife, this is evidence that he touched it. It doesn't prove(证明)that he did the murder, but it can help when it's joined up with lots of other evidence.
Prediction helps to look for evidence. Scientists make a guess about what might be true. For example, if the world is really round, we can predict that any of us, going on and on in the same direction, should eventually find ourselves back where we started
People sometimes say that you must believe in feelings deep inside, but not all the inside feelings are real evidence.
What can we do about all this? When somebody tells you something that sounds possible, think to yourself: "Is there any evidence for that? And, next time somebody tells you that something is true, why not say to them: What kind of evidence is there for that? "Remember ,always think carefully before you believe a word.
1.Why does the writer use the example of a detective in Paragraph 3?
A. To explain what prediction is
B. To tell what observation is called
C. To introduce how detectives work.
D. To prove evidence is not just observation
2.The underlined "eventually "in Paragraph 4 means
A. probably B. finally C. completely D. luckily
3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Prediction helps to prove something if it is true.
B. What you see directly is real evidence
C. People should always believe their inside feelings
D. Astronauts find the Earth is round with a telescope.
4.what's the best title of the passage?
A. Evidence speaks
B. Scientists make predictions
C. Inside feelings help get ideas
D. Observation offers the facts
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We know many great inventions which have changed the world. Have you ever had a wonderful idea and thought it would make a great invention, but didn't know what to do next? 1. They will help you make your dreams come true and become a famous inventor.
The first thing that you should do is to do some research on the Internet to see if anyone else has invented it. If not, you should search through the US Patent (专利) information to see if a patent was ever created for your type of invention. 2..
The easiest thing to do is working with a company that can help you to make your dreams a reality. It can help you present your ideas and get your product to the right companies. One company that is very reputable (声誉好的) is "Lambert and Lambert in Minnesota". 3. If they think your product is marketable (有销路的), they will help you to get it to the right company.
Call the company and make an appointment. You will want to bring in a model of your invention and a complete description of your ideas. 4. Then when you meet with them, you can present it and they will tell you how marketable it is. If they decide to help you, they will work to present it to different companies and help you to go to the next step.
Once your invention has been sold to a large company, get ready to get the benefits of becoming the next great inventor.
5. But the benefits are worth the wait.
A.It may take a year Or two.
B.Write down-exactly about your invention.
C.If there is no patent, go to the next step.
D.You will find something new on the Internet.
E.Here are some steps that you can take.
F.They offer free advice for good ideas.
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We all enjoy the beautiful show of colours as leaves change each autumn. But did you ever wonder how and why this happens?
Leaves are nature’s food factories. Plants take water from the ground through their roots and take carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) from the air. Plants use sunlight to turn water and carbon dioxide into glucose (葡萄糖). Glucose is a kind of sugar, which plants use as food for energy and growing.
The way plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar is called photosynthesis that means “ putting together with light”. A chemical called chlorophyll helps photosynthesis. It gives plants their green colour. As summer ends and autumn comes, the days get shorter and shorter, and trees “know” to begin getting ready for winter.
During winter, there is not enough light or water for photosynthesis. Trees rest during this time and live on the food they store during the summer. They begin to shut down their food-making factories.
As the green chlorophyll disappears from the leaves, we begin to see yellow and orange leaves. Small amounts of these colours have been in the leaves all along. We just can’t see them in the summer, because they are covered up by the green chlorophyll.
The bright reds and purples we see in leaves are made mostly in autumn. In some trees, like maples (枫树), glucose is caught in the leaves after photosynthesis stops. Sunlight and the cool nights of autumn turn this glucose into a red colour. The brown colour of trees like oaks (橡树) is made from waste left in the leaves.
It is the mixture of all these things that makes the beautiful colours we enjoy during autumn.
1.The word “chlorophyll” in the third paragraph means _______ in Chinese.
A．叶绿素 B．氧气 C．胡萝卜素 D．蛋白质
2.The leaves of the trees in autumn turn yellow because of the short of _____.
A．water and carbon dioxide
B．glucose and energy
C．sunlight and water
D．sunlight and carbon dioxide
3.The way that _______________________ is called Photosynthesis .
A．plants change water and carbon dioxide into sugar
B．plants turn water and carbon dioxide into sugar with the help of sunlight
C．plants use glucose as food for energy and growing
D．chlorophyll is a great help
4.Which of the following is NOT true?
A．When autumn and winter come, the days get shorter and shorter.
B．During winter trees rest and live on the food they store during the summer.
C．During winter small amounts of yellow and orange colours are kept in the leaves all the time.
D．Trees begin to stop making food in summer.
5.This passage tells us __________________.
A．all the plants can grow well with the strong sunlight
B．there are all kinds of plants on the earth
C．all the colours of the leaves aren’t made from chlorophyll
D．maples and oaks have the same reason as other trees for the change of colours
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We all know that how wonderful you are. It is not necessary for you to __________.
A. show off B. give up
C. take care D. carry on
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When we exercise hard, we burn fat. But have you ever wondered where exactly the fat goes?
Some doctors think that fat is changed into heat and released in the air. Others think the body burns it. Some even joke that the fat fairy comes and takes it. That is why you always weigh less in the morning.
Now a new study from the University of New South Wales in Australia reveals the mystery. “the correct answer is that most of the mass is breathed out as carbon dioxide(二氧化碳). It goes into thin air,” says the study’s lead author, Ruben Meerman, to Science Daily. Scientists followed the atoms(原子) in 10 kilograms of fat as they are lost. They found that 8.4 of those kilograms are breathed out as carbon dioxide through the lungs. The rest of the weight —1.6 kilograms— becomes water that leaves the body in the form of fluids(液体) such as urine(尿), sweat, breath and tears. “None of this is obvious to people because we can’t see the carbon dioxide gas we breathe out,” said Meerman.
Does that mean you can lose more weight by breathing more? It is not as easy as you think. Breathing more than the body’s metabolic rate(新陈代谢) can make you uncomfortable. You may feel dizzy and become unconscious(无意识的), according the study. So how to lose weight healthily? The key is to eat less and move more. You many have heard this many times.
During a day, a 70kg person breathes out about 200g of carbon dioxide. So if the same person wants to lose weight, he or she can do some light exercise, for example, jogging. This can help lose 240g of carbon dioxide.
1.According to the new study, where does our fat go when we exercise a lot?
A.It is changed into heat and given off in the air. B.The body burns it.
C.The fat fairy comes and takes it. D.Most of it is breathed out as carbon dioxide.
2.What will happen to people if they breathe more than the body’s metabolic rate?
A.They will put on more weight. B.They will feel comfortable.
C.They may become unconscious. D.They may not lose weight at all.
3.Which of the following is a better way to lose weight?
A.Sitting still and breathing more. B.Sleeping a lot and breathing a lot.
C.Eating less and exercising more. D.Eating more and doing some light exercise.
4.Which is true according to the study from University of New South Wales?
A.The fat is changed into heat and released in the air.
B.Most of the kilograms of fat as they are lost are breathed out as carbon dioxide.
C.People can see the carbon dioxide gas we breathe out.
D.If we breathe more than the body’s metabolic rate, we will feel good.
5.During a week , how much carbon dioxide does a 70kg person breathes out?
A.240g B.200g C.1400g D.1680g
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Have you ever wondered how a kite stays in the air? Wind is very important but so are two scientific words: gravity(重力) and lift(举力).
When something is in the air, gravity is what pulls something back to the ground. _______ you throw a ball in the air, it comes back down because of gravity. When leaves ____ trees onto the ground, that’s gravity. When you put a kite in the air, gravity wants to bring it ____ . Then what keeps it up? Wind! Wind creates lift.
Lift is what happens when wind pushes against something and carries it up. When a plastic bag gets caught in the wind, lift is what causes it to rise into the air. When you put a silk scarf ____ a fan, lift causes ____ to wave(摆动). An object’s lift depends on the size of its surface or its area. A piece of _____will float（漂浮）in the wind, but it won’t float if you make that paper into a ball. That’s because you’ve made the surface smaller.
To find out if there is enough wind to fly a kite, go outside and look up. If you ______leaves dancing on trees or flags waving sideways, it’s ____ good kite-flying weather. When the wind is strong enough to move a flag, it’s moving ____ 7 to 18 miles an hour. That’s just ____ to lift a common kite.
1.A. Which B. What C. When D. Where
2.A. take off B. get off C. keep off D. fall off
3.A. up B. down C. off D. out
4.A. in the middle of B. n the front of C. at the back of D. in front of
5.A. t B. them C. this D. that
6.A. bread B. cake C. card D. paper
7.A. hear B. see C. smell D. feel
8.A. probably B. finally C. quickly D. hardly
9.A. on B. at C. in D. by
10.A. wrong B. favourite C. right D. strange
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Have you ever heard of the story of the first Teddy bear? Do you know how the first Teddy Bear was created? The story starts with America’s twenty-sixth president Theodore “Teddy” Roosevelt.
President Roosevelt traveled to Mississippi because the state was having an disagreement with its neighbor, Louisiana. President Roosevelt was a great hunter, so some people took him to go hunting while he was in Mississippi. Things were not going well. Almost everyone had successfully shot an animal, but President Roosevelt hunted nothing. Nobody wanted to see the president look sad, so someone caught a bear and tied it to a tree. Then they asked President Roosevelt to shoot. The president was very surprised to see that. He felt it was unfair to shoot the bear, because it couldn’t run away. He refused to shoot the helpless and tired bear. The story of his decision went all over the country. Everyone was moved by the president’s belief.
The next day, a cartoon artist drew a picture about the scene and it was put into the Washington Post Newspaper on November 16th, 1902. Everyone saw the cartoon, including a couple named Morris and Rose Michtom who lived in New York. The Michtoms owned a toy store and decided to make a stuffed ( 填 满 填 充 物 的 ) bear to remember the president’s actions in letting the helpless bear stay alive. They call it “Teddy bear”.
Other toy bears had been made in the past, but they all looked mean and threatening ( 威 胁 他 人 的 ). The Michtoms’ bear looked sweet and harmless. People fell in love with the Teddy Bear soon and they were willing to own it.
1.What happened to the bear after someone caught it?
It ________________to a tree after someone caught it.
2.How did President Roosevelt save the bear?
He saved the bear by_______________________.
3.Who drew a picture and put it into the Washington Post Newspaper?
________________________________________.
4.Before the first Teddy Bear was made, what were the toy bears like?
They looked_________________________________.
5.What does the passage mainly want to tell us?
________________________________________.
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完形填空
Have you ever played the Go game(围棋)before? If yes, you may know how challenging it can be. The Go game is usually played _________ two people. But on March 9, Google's computer program AlphaGo challenged world human Go champion Lee Sedol(李世石)of South Korea. And AlphaGo _________ Lee 4-1.
A1phaGo, an artificial intelligence (AI, 人工智能)program made _________ Google's DeepMind , has studied 30 million moves from games played by human experts. It has also played against itself to remember those moves _________ , AlphaGo is able to find out what the board will likely look like several moves ahead of time. So then it can make the best _________ .
AI is when computer or computer software are able to have intelligent behavior, such as thinking or _________ like a human. In our daily life, we already use AI in some ways - Apple's Siri and _________ engines like Baidu and Google.
British computer scientist Alan Mathison Turing is considered the father of AI. He _________the Turing Test(图灵测试)to find out _________ machines could actually think. The Turing Test goes like this: A computer can be called intelligent if it could fool a human into believing that it was human, Turing wrote in 1950.
Some people may worry whether computers are now smart enough to do everything. But experts say that is not the _________ . Real life problems can be more complicated(复杂的)than the Go game.
1.A. between B. in C. among D. of
2.A. hit B. win C lose D. beat
3.A. in B. by C. of D. from
4.A. In this way B. After all C. As usual D. In public
5.A. designs B. mistakes C. choices D. possibilities
6.A. smiling B. walking C. acting D. looking
7.A. Internet B. website C. search D. computer
8.A. created B. invented C. discovered D. found
9.A. when B. whether C. what D. why
10.A. way B. end C. reason D. case
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----The more I get to know Nancy, the more I can realize that we have a lot ______.
----No wonder she is your best friend.
A. in style B. in common C. in need D. in time
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Have you ever watched the dragon dance？____ do you know about the dragon dance？Today we will say something about it.
Dragons are a(n) _____ of China and the dragon dance is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture. In the dance，a team of people carry the dragon and perform wonderful dances._____ the lion dance，this traditional dance has spread all over China and to the whole world.
Traditionally，dragons are made of wood，bamboo and a special kind of cloth(布)．So they are always quite ____．However，in modern times，dragons are much lighter because they are made of much lighter materials. A dragon can be of different lengths. It ____ be from 25 to 35 meters long for acrobatic(杂技的) acts，and up to 50 to 70 meters long for quite large parades(游行) because people _____ that the longer the dragon is，the more luck it will bring. A small group cannot control a very long dragon because it ____ great strength(力量) and special skills.
The dragon dance itself _____ during the Han Dynasty and it was started by the Chinese who had great respect for the dragon. The dragon dance was already a popular ____ by the Song Dynasty. At that time，people could often see it during important festivals. In the Qing Dynasty，the Dragon Dance Team of Fuzhou was invited to give a _____ in Beijing. And the emperor spoke highly of it!
1.A. How far B. How long C. How much D. How many
2.A. symbol B. animal C. character D. example
3.A. To B. Like C. For D. Through
4.A. short B. small C. heavy D. old
5.A. need B. should C. must D. can
6.A. believe B. wonder C. disagree D. promise
7.A. returns B. reminds C. repeats D. requires
8.A. began B. changed C. spread D. failed
9.A. course B. exam C. event D. object
10.A. speech B. performance C. message D. report