The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decid...

The Science of Risk-Seeking

Sometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weight the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking. 1. Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brain work.

The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-taking were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. 2. As the quality of risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.

So why aren’t we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.3.

No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientist say that willingness to take risk increases during your teenage years.4. To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experience. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.

5., for the risk-seeker a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.

As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, we’ll continue to hit mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.

A. It all depends on your character.

B. Those are the risks you should jump to take.

C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.

D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.

E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.

F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weight risks and rewards.

G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.

高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

If we agree that the function of education is to prepare us for life, then there is very little time to waste. So, while we can, we ought to concentrate on teaching children something really useful. Here is what our schools should teach.

Politeness is a mark of civilization. The sooner children learn this, the better. In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.

Like it or not, our adult lives will be consumed by the struggle for money, but we don’t make an effort to teach children how to manage it. So our schools have a duty to teach them this ability from the beginning.

We’re likely to accept something we are told, but that’s not what educated people do. Educated people are reasonable and they look at facts. If our schools teach nothing else, they should at least teach critical（批判性的）thinking.

Children should learn to take care of their health. They should know that if they eat junk food, they will become fat and unhealthy. They should be very clear about what happens to their bodies when they drink or smoke.

All of us are part of society. We have rights and responsibilities. We ought to understand what they are. We have to know a little bit of history and geography, because we need to have an environment in which to relate to the people around us.

How will we test students on these? We can’t. But that’s not a reason to avoid teaching what is important. Our schools should spend every moment they have telling this to our children: ”This is life, this is what you are going to face, and this is how you deal with it.”

高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析

Moral（道德的）science is taught as a subject in most schools but with little effect. Perhaps part of the problem lies in the fact that morality is not a science, strictly speaking. It is too much of a social phenomenon, and also has too much of the personal and subjective things mixed within. Besides, morality itself changes with generations. So it is impossible to be defined in a textbook.

I remember sitting through forty minutes of moral lessons, which told stories about little children who never told lies and were rewarded for their goodness. It had little effect and left no impression on me, though.

If moral science has to be taught as a subject in schools, it needs a participatory(参与其中的) approach. When you tell a child about morals, you also have to deal with social norms（规范）and cultural differences. You have to explain that morality can be subjective, and be able to co-exist in society. You will probably have to refer to the morals of the present time.

The best way to tell a child how to live is to show him what is valued. If a child likes his friend, you have to make the child think about why. Once the child notices and recognizes goodness in others, he or she is likely to develop it as well.

In fact, children learn most of their morals by watching people around them. They absorb behavior patterns from teachers and older students. They watch to see what is rewarded and who is punished. They learn on the sports field and through social work. Moral science lessons should simply consist of letting them live and interact, and watch you support correct values and reward good behavior.

1. Which is NOT the reason that moral science is taught in schools but with little effect?

A. Morality doesn’t strictly belong to a science.

B. Morality is more like a social phenomenon.

C. Different generations have different moral ideas.

D. Morality can’t be written down in textbooks.

2.The author describes his own experience of having moral lessons in order to _____.

A. explain telling lies is not moral for little children.

B. advise people should be rewarded for their goodness.

C. show he has no opinions about moral science.

D. prove moral lessons in schools have little effect.

3. When you tell a child about morals, you should________.

A. tell him about social norms and cultural differences.

B. teach him to share personal moral ideas with others.

C. explain that nobody can influence his moral ideas.

D. say that the present morals are likely to be changed.

4. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. The value of teachers’ setting a good example.

B. The best way of teaching children about morals.

C. The influence of people’s behavior on morals.

D. The importance of rewarding good behavior.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The Scar of Love

Some years ago on a hot summer day in south Florida a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house.In a hurry to dive into the cool water,he ran out of the back door,leaving behind shoes,socks and shirt as he went.He flew into the water,not realizing that as he swam toward the middle or the lake,an alligator（短嘴鳄）was getting close.The mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two as they got closer and closer together.In great fear,she ran toward the water,yelling to her son as loudly as she could.Hearing her voice,the little boy became alarmed and made a U—turn to swim to his mother.It was too late.Just as he reached her, the alligator reached him.From the dock,the mother grabbed her little boy by the arms just as the alligator snatched（抓住）his legs.That began an unbelievable tug-of-war（拔河比赛）between the two.The alligator was much stronger than the mother,but the mother was much too passionate to let go.A farmer happened to drive by,heard their screams;rushed from his truck,took aim and shot the alligator.

Remarkably,after weeks and weeks in the hospital,the little boy survived.His legs were extremely scarred by the terrible attack of the animal.And on his arms,were deep scratches where his mother's fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.

The newspaper reporter,who interviewed the boy after the trauma（外伤）,asked if he would show him his scars. The boy lifted the pant legs.And then,with obvious pride,he said to the reporter,"Look at my arms.I have great scars on my arms,too.I have them because my mum wouldn't let go."

You and I can identify with（认同）that little boy.We have scars,too.Not from an alligator,but the scars of a painful past.Some of those scars are unsightly and have caused us deep regret.But,some wounds,my friends,are because we have refused to let go.

1.The underlined part "the two" in the second paragraph refers to_______.

A. the son and the alligator　　 B. the mother and the son

C. the driver and the alligator　　 D. the alligator and the mother

2.From the passage we can infer_______.

A. The mother was unwilling to let the alligator go

B. The mother was actually stronger than the alligator

C. The son was proud of his scars on his arms

D. The son was ashamed of his scars on his legs

3.According to the last paragraph,what is the writer's real meaning?

A. To forget the past is to betray.　　 B. We should forget the scars.

C. Wounds are different from scars.　　 D. We should learn to.let go sometimes.

4.What type does the author develop the passage?

A. Comparison.　　 B. Narration with comments.

C. Classification.　　 D. Analysis.

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

We Chinese are proud ______ the great success _______ the area of science and technology .

A. of ; in      　　B. by ; on      　　　C. with ; on        D. for ; in

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Zoology（动物学）is the part of science that deals with the study of the animals’ growth, home and behavior. It has nothing to do with people, so many students are left wondering why they have to learn it.

Our nature includes not just humans but plants and animals as well. Everything in our environment is connected in a complex cycle. If you have a better understanding of how animals would behave and work with us, then you would value nature better.

Some animals are actually misunderstood by people like sharks and snakes. These creatures are thought of as human killers, and this is mainly because we don’t understand why they behave that way. In zoology you would be able to learn natural behavior as well as their homes so you would completely understand why they would behave in a defensive(防御的) manner when they seem to be threatened. Studying zoology would help people achieve clearness over the common myths we have on different wild animals.

Studying zoology would help people know the real facts about animals. One of the negative facts is the decreasing numbers of some species of animals. It makes people realize that there is a need for nature to be always balanced. We need animals to keep the balance in our environment and for humans to survive as well. It would help us learn the needs that animals lack and we can respond by thinking of solutions we can give to the endangered species of animals.

Modern progress is needed for a country to grow in terms of its economy; however, it should not force us to destroy our rainforests and oceans. People should realize that our modern lives should include the lives of the animals that live with us. They should not be contained in zoos but in their natural homes as well. We will learn that every living creature on the earth has the right to own a home and we need to fight for them to have permanent(永久的) homes.

1.According to the text, nature should be ________.

A. left alone                                                         B. treated seriously

C. taken for granted                                  D. taken lightly

2.It is implied in Paragraph 4 that animals play a role of ________.

A. making our world beautiful                      B. protecting species of plants

C. providing food for humans                       D. keeping nature in balance

3.To animals, humans should act as ________.

A. caretakers              B. killers             C. competitors                     D. trainers

4.The best title for the passage may be “________”.

A. The Ways of Protecting Animals

B. The Importance of Studying Zoology

C. The Introduction to Zoology

D. The Advantages of Learning Zoology

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

David Lindenmayer of the Australian National University College of Science in Canberra says that older trees play important roles in maintaining landscapes and ecosystems.

David studies conservation, landscape, ecology and biodiversity at the Australian National University College of Science in Canberra. “Lots of people recognize that as humans get older they tend to have less and less children while trees do it the other way around. What really happens is that the older some of these really big old trees get, the more seeds they produce and the more germinant（萌芽的）they’re likely to be. So its actually the polar opposite of what we see with humans and most other animals, so really quite extraordinary. “On January 26th he spoke to Scientific American Editor in Chief Mariette DiChristina when they were both at the World Economic Forum in Davos.

In actually it’s quite a worrying situation, because in plenty of forests and woodland and other ecosystems around the world, populations of large old trees are declining very quickly. And this matters because a lot of biodiversity, a lot of carbon, a lot of key ecosystem processes are associated with those really big, old trees.

We can make sure we grow more forests, that we protect the big trees we have now, and that we don’t do things that really put a lot of pressure on those trees. We should not be cutting down really big old trees anymore.

1.What does the underlined phrase mean in Para. 2?

A. similarly.　　 B. variously.

C. equally.　　 D. oppositely.

2.What does David agree with according to this text?

A. Trees are the most important in balancing the ecosystems.

B. Humans can bear fewer children as they grow older like trees.

C. Older trees can produce more seeds to grow into new trees.

D. The number of old trees is increasing very rapidly.

3.Why should older trees be protected according to the text?

A. Many key ecosystem processes are associated with big old trees.

B. At present populations of large old trees are declining very quickly.

C. It is forbidden by law that we should not cut down really big old trees.

D. More and more people are paying attention to protecting old trees.

4.What is the purpose of the text?

A. To keep the environment.　　 B. To protect the old trees.

C. To plant more trees.　　 D. To preserve biodiversity.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.

Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband or wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people— half of them pet owners —while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects(研究对象) completed the tasks alone, with a husband or wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed (放松) around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don't judge.

A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have a effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more that 15% of their body weight. Dogs owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but, as some researchers say, they got more exercise indeed.

1.What does the text mainly discuss?

A. What pets bring to their owners.

B. How pets help people calm down.

C. People's opinions of keeping pets.

D. Pet's value in medical research.

2. We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if_________.

A. he has a pet companion

B. he has less stress of work

C. he often does mental arithmetic

D. he is taken care of by his family

3. According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing difficult tasks?

A. They have lower blood pressure.

B. They become more patient.

C. They are less nervous.

D. They are in higher spirits.

4.The research mentioned(提到) in the last paragraph reports that________.

A. people with dogs did more exercise

B. dogs lost the same weight as people did

C. dogs liked exercise much more than people did

D. people without dogs found the program unhelpful

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.

Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people— half of them pet owners —while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed (放松)around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don't judge.

A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Dog owners didn't lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall-mostly with their dogs - and found it worth doing.

1.What does the text mainly discuss?

2.We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if_________ .

3.According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?

4.The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that________ .

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Science can’t explain the power of pets，but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure(血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack，reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer．

Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings．For some．an animal provides more comfort than a husband／wife．A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress(紧张)1evels and blood pressure in people－half of them pet owners－while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic(算术)or held a hand in ice water．Subjects completed the tasks alone，with a husband／wife，a close friend or with a pet．People with pets did it best．Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates．With pets in the room，people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions．It seems people feel more relaxed(放松)around pets，says Allen，who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge．

A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits．Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs；a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program．On average，people lost about 11 pounds，or 5％ of their body weight．Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more than 15％of their body weight．Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but，say researchers，got more exercise overall－mostly with their dogs--and found it worth doing．

1.What does the text mainly discuss?

A．What pets bring to their owners．

B．How pets help people calm down．

C．People’s opinions of keeping pets．

D．Pet’s value in medical research．

2.We 1earn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if ________．

A．he has a pet companion

B．he has less stress of work

C．he often does mental arithmetic

D．he is taken care of by his family

3.According to Allen，why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?

A．They have lower blood pressure．

B．They become more patient．

C．They are less nervous．

D．They are in higher spirits．

4.The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that ________．

A．people with dogs did more exercise

B．dogs lost the same weight as people did

C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did

D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析