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New climate-control jackets have helped people stay warm in subzero conditions, and even made cows comfortable enough to produce more milk. But it all began with an Indian graduate’s simple wish for clothing that could be used for both the cold Boston winters and heated MIT campus rooms. Now, the MIT graduated company has begun selling the jackets and other clothes that allow wearers to control their level of comfort without adding or removing layers. “Our products can go from 0°C to 100 °C in the push of a button,” said Vistakula, founder and CEO of the company. “We have four levels of heating and four levels of cooling that include low, medium, high and very high.”
When electricity runs through the junction where two different metals meet, it creates a temperature difference so that one side heats up and the other side cools down. Such heat-exchange equipment also needs fans to blow away the heat. “We were able to reduce the weight and get rid of the need for a fan,” Vistakula told Innovation News Daily. “That made it very suitable to put it into clothes.”
The current clothing runs on a range of laptop batteries (电池) that can support up to eight hours of hot or cold comfort. Aside from shoes, jackets and bike helmets, the startup also sells knee and elbow packs that provide hot or cold therapy (疗法) for aching joints. That’s just the beginning, as the 20-person team tries many new and different applications (应用) in the search to find what works. They have their eyes set on a “HaemoSave” application that could use freezing temperatures to control bleeding, and pain during medical emergencies. “That’s at a very early stage,” Vistakula explained.
“It works for superficial (表面的) wounds, but we have to do deeper wounds and see what happens.” In another case, tests with jackets adapted for cows succeeded in enabling the cows to produce more milk. But the current costs mean that farmers can’t afford such equipment - at least not until the company scales up its production and lowers the price.
It’s an ambitious goal, but their confidence is supported by the startup’s innovation (创新) philosophy. “Nature has been innovating for billions of years, so you just have to look in the right place,” Vistakula said. “If you go looking for answers, you’ll find them.”
1.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The technology were first designed to control climate.
B.The clothing is user-friendly with a simple push of button.
C.The clothing runs on batteries that can last at least eight hours.
D.The clothing needs fans to create a temperature difference.
2.According to Vistakula, next they have to test whether HaemoSave can ________.
A.be applied to reduce pain B.be used to control bleeding
C.function for deeper wounds D.make body temperatures low
3.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A.the technology doesn’t work well in practice
B.the technology can be widely applied in life
C.the company will increase production to meet market needs
D.the company is now facing a very uncertain future
4.What can we conclude from what Vistakula said in the last paragraph?
A.We can probably innovate anything in nature.
B.Innovation should be encouraged to protect nature.
C.It has taken billions of years for nature to change.
D.We should innovate as it agrees with Nature.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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They may have text, email, Facebook and Twitter, but young people are still lonelier than any other age group. The Loneliness in New Zealand report, published by Statistics New Zealand, shows under 30s are more likely to feel lonely than older people because loneliness decreases with age.Loneliness and poor mental health were strongly related across all ages. Young people were not as likely to feel lonely because of financial hardship, but among older people, lack of money was a significant influence on loneliness. Women were more likely to feel lonely than men.
Philip Walker, spokesman for the General Social Survey, said because it was relatively new it was hard to know whether loneliness among young people was a new trend. But overseas research has found that levels of loneliness in youth today are growing.
Walker said the finding needed more exploration, including looking at the role of technology and social media. “It could be that people's expectations of connection have gone up, so we expect increased levels of connection.” he said. “While technology like cell phones could help young people stay connected, on the other hand for those who do get bullied, especially bullied online, it's quite isolating. A lot of the time potentially it is a big contributor to loneliness.”
Figures from online dating website Find Someone also confirmed more young people were looking for love. Manager Rick Davies, said younger dating hopefuls were the fastest growing group on the site.
Mr. Davies noted that since the report data was collected in 2010 there had been huge growth in smart phones, which meant people were online even more. He believed online tools, such as Skype, could help people stay connected. “People can keep in touch with a wide range of friends from all over the world much more easily now. It's like you're sitting in your living room having a chat with them.”
Bemardine Reid, operations committee chairwoman for Samaritans, which operates a free helpline, said many of their calls came from people who were lonely. “It might be that they've got some problem, just like all the things people would normally talk to a friend about, but people who are alone lack those normal contacts.” The Statistics New Zealand report also showed people who didn't have face-to-face contact with family and friends were more likely to feel lonely, as were those who lived alone.
1.Which of the following may Mr. Walker agree with?
A.High technology may become a reason for loneliness.
B.People shouldn't use the Internet to get to know strangers.
C.It's hard for people to get enough connection online as expected.
D.Social media should play an important role in helping lonely people.
2.From the last two paragraphs, we can conclude that .
A.Internet can keep people free from loneliness
B.people chatting a lot online tend to be optimistic
C.people living alone tend to have more connection online
D.people communicating less in the real-world risk loneliness
3.It can be inferred from the passage that .
A.Find Someone is a website where you can find old friends
B.without technology, young people would not feel lonely
C.high technology results in the older being lonely
D.those cheated or hurt online tend to feel lonely
4.What is the best title of the passage?
A.Loneliness around You B.Young People Online
C.Young but Lonely D.E-times and Young People
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Why do we have deserts today? Deserts have not always been here. Most deserts that we have today were once green lands full of plant life. One of today’s biggest deserts is in North Africa. However, in the 1st century BC farms in North Africa grew corn and wheat to make bread for the whole city of Rome. How did this area become desert?
Both weather and people can help form a desert. Hot weather or very little rain makes the land so dry that nothing can grow. While in some regions, the increase in desert areas is occurring largely as a result of a trend toward drier climatic conditions.
Continued gradual global warming has produced an increase in aridity (干旱) for some areas over the past few thousand years. The process may be sped up in the following decades if global warming resulting from air pollution seriously increases.
The primary reason for desert formation is human activities, though. If people cut down or burn trees and plants to make land clear for farming, the wind can blow the soil away and turn the dry land into sand. Another big problem is farming on land that is not very good. This poor land can very quickly turn into desert, if it is farmed too much. One of the biggest causes, however, is when people take their animals to the same fields to feed over and over, and the fields finally lose all their nutrition. Because of these problems, deserts are slowly taking over green land in many parts of the world, including China.
However, we can fight the growing deserts! In some parts of China people are working to prevent desert from expanding. In Xinjiang, for example, some farmers are trying new scientific farming methods. These methods make it possible to use less land for crops, so farmers then can plant trees on the rest of their land!
One Xinjiang farmer used only HALF of his fields to grow the SAME amount of crops as last year. On the other half of his land, he planted fruit trees. The work of people like this is helping to fight the world’s growing deserts.
高一英语概要写作中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Protecting Yourself Against COVID-19
You’re probably really worried about the COVID-19 virus, especially if there are confirmed cases near you. Fortunately, you can take action to protect yourself and your family from getting infected.
1. Wash your hands with soap and water to minimize your infection risk. The best way to prevent COVID-19 is to wash your hands as often as possible. Wet your hands with warm water. 1. And then rinse your hands clean under warm running water.
2. Keep your hands away from your eyes, nose, and mouth. 2. When this happens, the germs can stay on your hands, so you can easily infect yourself if you touch your face with dirty hands. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth in case the virus is on your skin.
3. 3. Since COVID-19 is a respiratory infection (呼吸道感染), coughing and sneezing are common symptoms. Additionally, coughing and sneezing both release the virus into the air, so they may increase your risk of infection. Keep your distance from people who appear to have symptoms of an upper respiratory infection.
4. Stay home as much as possible to distance yourself from other people. You’ve probably heard about “social distancing” or “physical distancing” which can help limit the spread of the virus.4. If you can, work or do your schoolwork at home, as well. Don’t go out to eat, hang out in bars, or participate in recreational activities, like going to the movies.
5. Wear a mask to cover your nose and mouth when in public. The WHO recommends even healthy people wear cloth coverings when expecting to encounter others in public, like when you are going to the grocery store or using public transportation. “5.”,experts also warn.
A.Ask the person to stay away from you.
B.Wash them with soap for 20-30 seconds.
C.Always wash your hands before you eat or drink anything.
D.Face coverings are NOT a replacement for social distancing!
E.Distance yourself from people who are coughing or sneezing.
F.Only get out for necessities, like buying necessary groceries or going to work.
G.You may come into contact with corona virus on a surface, like a doorknob or countertop.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Smoking is harmful. But as soon as you quit the habit, everything will be OK, right? Wrong.
New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes will stay there for a much longer time. In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non-smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed－a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.
This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years.It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥)－it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
1.The purpose of Paragraph 1 is to______ .
A.raise a question
B.give an example
C.make an argument
D.show the main idea of the passage
2.Most genetic changes happen because of______ .
A.people’s condition at birth B.environmental pollution
C.heart disease and cancer D.people’s bad living habit
3.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to______ .
A.the footprint B.the cement
C.the harmful effect D.the genetic change
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A.The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.
B.The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking
C.The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.
D.The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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One evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake _________ until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
A．on average B．on purpose C．on sale D．on schedule
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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1.One evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake ________ until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.
2.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to ___________ a wider vocabulary than ever before.
3.Wand Wei rode in front of me _________. She is very reliable and I knew I didn’t need to encourage her.
4.My sister doesn’t _________ details.
5.It was based more on German than the English we speak ________.
6.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa __________ South Africa.
7.It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night __________.
8.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and __________ that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.
9._________ middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.
10.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it. Finally, I had to _______.
高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Fire can help people in many ways. But it can be very dangerous. Fire can heat water, warm houses, give light and cook. But fire can burn things, too. It can burn trees, houses, animals or people. Sometimes big fire can burn forests.
Nobody knows for sure how people began to use fire. But there are many interesting stories about the first time a man or a woman started a fire. One story from Australia tells about a man very, very long time ago. He went up to the sun by a rope (绳子) and brought fire down.
Today people know how to make a fire with matches (火柴). Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and then it might burn a house. A small fire can become a big fire very fast. Fire kills many people every year. So you must be careful with matches. You should also learn to put fires. Fires need oxygen (氧气). Without oxygen they will die. Cover a fire with water, sand or sometimes with your coat. This keeps the air away from a fire and kills it. Be careful with fire, and it will help you. Be careless with fire, and it will burn you.
49.How did people begin to use fire? _________.
A. Not everybody knows how people began to use fire
B. Nobody knows how to make a fire
C. It is an Australian who started a fire
D. We are not sure how people began to use fire
50.Children mustn’t play with matches because ________.
A. matches burn paper B. it isn’t interesting
C. they can be dangerous D. they can burn a house
51.When you are going to put out a fire, you ______,
A. must be careful B. should keep air away from it
C. must know it is dangerous D. should cover it with water
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend1.But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1.Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2.Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.2.You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3.3.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4. Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.4..The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5. Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.5..Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A.Be cheerful.
B.Do things together.
C.Do not wait to be spoken to.
D.Try not to find fault with your friends.
E.Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F.For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G.So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Since the novel corona-virus (新冠病毒) outbreak, many people have been forced to stay at home for long periods of time to protect themselves from the virus. This has given people more free time to learn new skills and find different ways to entertain themselves.
Some of these activities include things like singing, learning to cook and ordering fresh food online. All of these things can be done in the palm of your hand with mobile apps.
Before, young people would go outside and meet friends at karaoke bars (卡拉OK酒吧). Now, friends can meet and sing on the mobile karaoke app Changba. “The Changba app not only gives me the chance to share my songs with friends, but also lets me sing whatever I like at home.” said an app user.
Some people have also taken up cooking as a new hobby to pass the time. You don’t need to attend culinary (烹饪的) school, thanks to apps like Xiachufang and Ecook, which make it easier for those who want to learn how to cook. These apps provide a platform for users to look up different recipes (菜谱) and to share their own recipes with others. “Using this app, I have learned many new and healthy dishes which help me eat better.” an app user commented on the app’s website.
To help people avoid crowded places like grocery stores, apps that deliver (递送) goods right to your door have also become very popular. “It is obvious that the epidemic (疫情) has attracted new groups of consumers (消费者), such as elderly people, who originally didn’t belong to our target user group.” Zhang Yi, an analyst from the market research company, said.
Indeed, during this special time, these apps have opened up a whole new world of opportunities for people of all ages and backgrounds.
1.According to the passage, what can people do during the period of novel corona-virus outbreak?
A.Singing at karaoke bars.
B.Learning to cook at home by apps.
C.Buying food in crowded markets.
D.Meeting friends at restaurants.
2.What does the author tell us about the Changba app in Paragraph 3?
A.It is more user-friendly than karaoke bars.
B.It helps users to discover their singing talent.
C.It provides chances for users to share songs with friends.
D.It allows users to improve their singing skills fast.
3.What does the article tell us about food-delivery apps?
A.They have lost many young customers.
B.They have opened culinary classes for their users.
C.They have more elderly users than before.
D.They have caused many grocery stores to close.
4.Which of the following shows the structure of the article?
A.
B.
C.
D.
（①②③④⑤⑥= Paragraphs 1-6）
5.What is the purpose of the article?
A.To introduce the mobile apps people use during epidemic period.
B.To teach people how to cook at home.
C.To show how to buy things on the Internet.
D.To tell people how to protect themselves from the virus.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析