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The Apollo Programme was set up by NASA, the US space agency, to land a man on the Moon by the end of the 1960s. Once this had been achieved by Apollo 11in 1969, other Moon missions didn’t create the same level of public excitement. The Apollo 13 astronauts were Fred Haise, Jim Lovell and Jack Swigert. Lovell later told the BBC that people were getting bored of the Moon. When the astronauts filmed a message to Earth after 55 hours of space flight, none of the major TV channels in the US took time to show it live.
Nine minutes after filming the message to Earth, one of the ship’s two oxygen tanks exploded. Swigert got in touch with mission control, which was in the city of Houston in Texas, US, and said, “Houston, we’ve had a problem here.” The explosion meant that the astronauts would no longer be able to land on the Moon. Instead, the goal was simply to get back to Earth alive. The crew used the lunar module as a lifeboat.
By now, Apollo 13 had drawn the world’s attention, Millions of people watched television on17 April to see whether the astronauts would get back to Earth. There were fears that damage to the command module might mean that the parachutes needed for landing wouldn’t work. To make matters worse, for four minutes. Mission control lost connection with the astronauts. Luckily, the astronauts landed safely in the Pacific Ocean.
NASA referred to Apollo 13 as a “successful failure”. It didn’t complete its original mission, but the calm and quick thinking of the astronauts and mission control experts prevented a disaster. The tanks were redesigned and a third one added to future spacecraft as backup, to make sure that such an accident never happened again. In 1995, the events of Apollo /3 were made into a hit film starring Tom Hanks.
1.What was people’s attitude towards Apollo 13 at first?
A.They were interested in it. B.They were tired of it.
C.They were excited about it. D.They were uncertain about it.
2.What was wrong with Apollo 13?
A.One of its oxygen tanks blew up. B.It went in the wrong direction.
C.It lost its connection with Earth completely. D.One of its astronauts didn’t operate it properly.
3.Why was Apollo 13 called a “successful failure”?
A.It caused a lot of loss but created a lot of business value as well.
B.It didn’t attract much attention but landed on Earth safely.
C.It didn’t finish its task but a disaster was avoided.
D.It was ruined but speeded up space exploration.
4.What is this text mainly about?
A.The history of space exploration. B.A discussion about space exploration.
C.The big events of the Apollo programme. D.An introduction to a space survival incident.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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NASA has a new job listing, and it’s no joke. The US space agency (机构) is looking for a “joker” to join their planned mission (任务) to Mars.
A mission to Mars is no laughing matter. On average, the red planet is 140 million miles (225 million kilometers) away from Earth. A trip there would take around eight months in a small spacecraft. And Mars has a communications delay (延迟) of 20 minutes. This means that astronauts will have to wait 20 minutes for a reply, when an emergency happens.
“When you’re living with others in a confined space for a long period of time, such as on a mission to Mars, problems are likely to occur,” Jeffrey Johnson, a scientist at the University of Florida, told The Guardian.
This is probably why NASA wants an astronaut with a sense of humor. “These are people that have the ability to pull everyone together,” Johnson said.
In stressful situations, perhaps humor is a way to know we aren’t alone. By laughing together, we share our stress. Then we can focus on our jobs instead of just worrying.
There are other examples of team “clowns”. One example is the journey to the South Pole (南极) led by Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen. It was a difficult journey, full of danger. Adolf Lindstrom, a cook at Amundsen’s team, was a “clown”. He made people laugh through the whole journey. Amundsen later wrote that Lindstrom was the most valuable member of the team.
But if you’re hoping that your favorite TV comedian (喜剧演员) will fly to Mars, that probably won’t happen.
“Being funny won’t be enough to land somebody the job,” Johnson said. “They also need to be an excellent scientist and engineer.”
Besides, they must be in top physical condition.
1.What is NASA’s new job listing?
A.A funny engineer. B.A talented clown.
C.A good cook. D.A popular comedian.
2.What does “a confined space” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.a crowded space B.an empty space
C.an open space D.a small space
3.How does the author think humor can help astronauts?
A.It can stop them from feeling worried.
B.It can encourage teamwork on a mission.
C.It can help them feel less homesick.
D.It can help them know themselves better.
4.What could be the best title of the passage?
A.A New Job Listing of NASA
B.Humorous Astronauts in NASA
C.Keeping the Spirits Up
D.A mission to Mars
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Born in 1918, in the little town of White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia, Katherine Johnson was simply attracted by numbers. As a child, she counted everything. She counted the steps to the road, the steps up to church, the number of dishes she washed …By the time she was 10 years old, she was a high school freshman, which was truly amazing in a time when school for African-Americans normally stopped at eighth grade. To meet her math potential （潜力），her father drove his family 120 miles to Institute, West Virginia, where blacks could continue high school education. Johnson's excellent performance proved her father's decision was the right one: Katherine skipped grades （跳级）to graduate from high school at 14 and from college at 18.
1953, after years as a teacher and later as a stay-at-home mom, she began working for NASA, which began hiring women to measure and calculate the results of wind tunnel （风洞）tests in 1935. In a time before the electronic computers, these women were called "computer". Even after NASA began using electronic computers, the astronaut John Glenn requested that she should personally recheck the calculations made by the new electronic computers before his flight.
She continued to work at NASA until 1986. Her calculations proved critical to the success of the Apollo Moon landing program and the United States' journey into space. Her story was the basis for the 2016 film Hidden Figures.
Katherine Johnson, a great mathematician, physicist, space scientist and the last computer that wore skirts, passed away on February 24, 2020.
1.What can be inferred from Paragraph 1?
A.Katherine left high school at eighth grade.
B.Katherine was gifted in math as a child.
C.Katherine was required to count in her childhood,
D.African-Americans had a good education in the 1920s.
2.How long did Katherine work at NASA?
A.18 years. B.33 year. C.51 years. D.81 years.
3.Which best explains the underlined word"critical"in Paragraph 3?
A.Important. B.Successful. C.Dangerous. D.Harmful.
4.What's the best title for the text?
A.Scientists at NASA
B.Katherine Johnson's Education
C.A Great Mathematician's Decision
D.Katherine Johnson,a Computer that Wore Skirts
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Space is the final frontier (前沿). Sending rockets into space has become almost common. The demand for communications satellites and space-based image services is growing.
Today, space efforts cost about $200 billion a year. Joint efforts between governments and businesses are helping to lower costs and increase our understanding of the universe.
The business of space looks good for Orbital ATK, a company based in the United States. In January, the company launched its Antares rocket. The rocket was carrying the first of eight planned supply shipments to the International Space Station. Orbital ATK is one of the two American companies paid by NASA to transport supplies to the space station.
A company called Arianespace is a private European space business. Clayton Nowry heads the American division of the company. He says the increase in rocket launches is partly the result of increased demand for space-based technologies. These include high-definition (高清的) broadcasts and satellite broadband services.
While there is more demand for satellites, the end of NASA's Space Shuttle program in 2011 has hurt the space industry. Janice Starzyk works at International Launch Services. She works on education issues at the Washington Space Business Roundtable. She said, "It's a pity that the program's shutdown was a huge, huge set of lay-offs (下岗人员) in the industry."
But even as NASA reduces its spending, other countries have announced plans to explore space. In December 2013, China became just the third country to land an unmanned space vehicle on the moon. A month later, India sent its first communications satellite.
1.What makes sending rockets into space become very usual?
A.More and more people wanting to explore space.
B.Space becoming human's final home and dream.
C.Companies making every effort to earn $ 200 billion a year.
D.Increasing need for communications satellites and space-based image services.
2.Why are governments and businesses working together?
A.To earn more money from space projects.
B.To send more rockets into space and use them.
C.To produce more communications satellites for the public.
D.To keep costs down and help us learn more about the universe.
3.What do we know about Orbital ATK?
A.It's a private European space business.
B.It sent its Antares rocket in January.
C.It's a company based in the United Kingdom.
D.It's the only American company paid by NASA.
4.How may Janice Starzyk feel about the program's shutdown?
A.Hopeful. B.Content.
C.Regretful. D.Uninterested.
高一英语阅读选择简单题查看答案及解析
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History books tell us that the city of Rome was set up in 152 B.C..It’s a fact, however, that by
100 A.D., Rome was the center of a big empire（帝国）.It was from Syria in the east to Spain in the west, from Britain in the north to Africa in the south. All or part of 27 of today’s countries were included in the Roman Empire. All of their people were ruled by one government, that of Rome. All educated people spoke the same language, Latin. And one of the empire’s outposts（前哨）was called Londinium. This unimportant town would later become London, England, and the center of another empire.
The Roman Empire came to an end about 1500 years ago. Yet in some ways it is still with us. Take the letters you are reading, for example, English, like many other languages, uses the Roman alphabet（字母）while also borrowing many words. The laws of many European countries are based on ancient Roman laws. Roman ruins are seen throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. In some places, Roman roads and water courses are still in use. To this day, and European in North Africa is likely to be called“Roumi”—Roman. Even modern place names are often after Ancient Rome. Both Greece and Germany have the names given by the Romans rather than the names that their own people first called them.
67．The most northern part of the Roman Empire was .
A．Spain B．Africa C．Syria D．Britain
68．The main idea of paragraph 2 is that Roman culture is .
A．dead and gone B．based completely on language
C．still part of the present D．unimportant to history
69．In the days of the Empire, the Roman government was probably .
A．strong B．divided C．weak D．poor
70．What happened first?
A．Londinium was an outpost B．The Roman Empire fell apart
C．The city of Rome was founded D．London became the center of an empire
71．Which of the following is not true?
A．In Europe people still use Roman names in some places.
B．Londinium became the center of an empire after Roman Empire fell apart.
C．We may see some remaining parts of Roman Empire in North Africa.
D．In Europe 27 countries had the same laws.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Glenn, born in 1921, grew up in Ohio. He started his flying career (生涯) as a fighter pilot for the US Marine Corps. He won medals for his brave service in World War II (1939-1945) and the Korean War (1950-1953). After that, Glenn took a dangerous job as a Marine Corps test pilot, flying new planes to see if they were safe. In 1957, he set an air-speed record by flying from Los Angeles to New York in less than three and a half hours.
In the late 1950s, a “space race” began between the US and the Soviet Union. Both countries wanted to be the first to send a human into space, including to the moon. In 1959,Glenn became one of the seven test pilots chosen to take part in the US’s first space program.
In 1961, the Soviet Union became the first nation to send a person into space. Glenn’s chance to go into space came on February 20, 1962. By that time, another American, Alan B. Shepard, had flown in space, but he had not circled the earth. Glenn’s flight was aired live on television and radio.
Glenn’s flight showed that the US space program was as good as the Soviet Union’s. He became a hero. Cities across the country threw parades (游行) for him, and President John F. Kennedy invited him to the White House.
In 1974, Glenn was elected to Congress. Glenn returned to space in 1998, when he was 77. He spent nine days on the space shuttle (航天飞机) Discovery. Glenn went so that scientists could study the effects of space travel on older people. He holds the record for being the oldest person in space.
“Glenn spent his life breaking barriers (障碍),” said President Barack Obama. The president also praised Glenn for inspiring future leaders in space exploration.
1.What did Glenn do in 1959?
A.He won gold medals. B.He took part in world wars.
C.He joined the US’s first space program. D.He flew from Los Angeles to New York.
2.Why was Glenn welcomed as a hero?
A.He started the race between the US and the Soviet Union.
B.He succeeded in circling the earth.
C.He defeated Alan B. Shepard in the competition.
D.He broke the speed record.
3.Why did Glen return to space in 1998?
A.To break a new record. B.To test a space shuttle.
C.To make his last space travel. D.To be tested by the scientists
4.From the last paragraph we can learn that ________.
A.Alan B. Shepard had circled the earth by 1962
B.Glenn has made great contributions to space exploration
C.the US is the first nation to send a human into space
D.Barack Obama called on people to explore space
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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If you grew up watching the kid’s television channel Nickelodeon, you will probably understand that there is nothing greater than enjoying its special bright green slime ( 水晶泥). The week of May 11, astronauts (宇航员) aboard the International Space Station(ISS) joined the slime.
Nickelodeon sent two kilos of its green slime into space in the summer of 2019. The Slime in Space project’s idea was to create an educational trip for teachers to use in class. The green slime was also used to guide astronauts through a series of experiments that were designed to learn more about how slime acts in microgravity.
Researchers from Portland State University(PSU) were excited to design the experiments for the project. Mark Weislogel and his partner designed eight shows for NASA astronauts and European Space Agency astronaut aboard to perform.
If you’re wondering what we could hope to learn from sending slime into space, the answer lies in its very name. Slime is slimy. This is because it is a liquid that is thicker than liquids like water. This makes slime act in unexpected ways in the microgravity of the ISS. Improving our understanding of how thicker liquids act in space may help us improve the design of systems that something were designed with Earth’s gravity in mind.
“Interestingly, we consider liquid on Earth as that takes the shape of its container,” Koch tells CNN. “Water just turns into a ball in microgravity, so we’ve had to have a new understanding of different kinds of matter in space. This experiment shows how microgravity can help us understand things on Earth, especially the things we take for granted.”
1.In paragraph one, Nickelodeon is mentioned .
A.to introduce the topic B.to attract the kids
C.to make advertisements D.to share a TV show
2.Why are the experiments with slime designed in space ?
A.Because they get students interested in space.
B.Because slime takes the shape of its container.
C.Because slime is popular with kids in the TV show.
D.Because they help us understand how slime acts in space.
3.What is Koch’s attitude towards the experiment with slime?
A.Puzzled. B.Worried. C.Uninterested. D.Positive.
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A.Microgravity makes a difference to matters.
B.Astronauts join the slime in space for science.
C.Kids join the slime so as to become astronauts.
D.Experiments are designed with slimy slime.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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An experiment which saw salad seeds sent into space has given hope for the future of growing food on another planet, according to a recently-published study.
The findings have appeared after two kilograms of seeds spent six months on board the International Space Station(ISS)with British European Space Agency(ESA)astronaut, Tim Peake, as part of his Principia mission.
There, the seeds could have absorbed up to 100 times more radiation(辐射)than on Earth while being influenced by the violent shaking from the stresses of space travel.
When the seeds returned to Earth in 2016,600,000 children from schools across Britain took part in an experiment, supported by the UK Space Agency, to plant them and monitor their growth, comparing it to that of seeds that had remained on Earth.
The results showed that, while the space seeds grew more slowly and were more sensitive to ageing, they were still able to survive.
Peake said, “When humans travel to Mars, they will need to find ways to feed themselves, and this research helps us understand some of the biology of seed storage and germination(发芽) which will be important for future space missions.”
The Royal Horticultural Society(RHS)tasked 8,600 schools and groups across Britain to take part in the controlled study, recording their results as a scientist would.
It was part of a project called Rocket Science, led by the RHS Campaign for School Gardening, in partnership with the UK Space Agency.
RHS manager Alana Cama said, “The Rocket Science experiment opened a window into space biology and allowed young people to be at the forefront of creative research.”
“This research project did more than just inspire; it furthered our understanding of the challenges around growing plants in unusual environments and the possibility of growing food on long-term space missions in the future. Inspiring a new generation of botanists and biologists will remain our goal to enrich everyone’s lives through plants.”
1.The findings of the experiment indicate that
A.salad seeds sent into space turned out a failure
B.astronauts successfully grew salad seeds on Mars
C.the future of growing plants in space looks bright
D.the radiation makes it impossible for plants to survive
2.Unlike those on Earth, the seeds sent into space
A.can grow 100 times larger in size B.provide enough food for astronauts
C.stop growing when returning to Earth D.are more likely to show signs of ageing
3.Which word can be filled in the blank to complete the research steps?
A.update B.observe C.protect D.improve
4.What can we learn from what Alana Cama said?
A.Growing plants in unusual environments is no longer a challenging task.
B.A new generation of botanists and biologists takes the lead in the research.
C.The project inspires the interests of the young generation in creative fields.
D.The exploration of growing food in space is the central mission in the future.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Plenty of science fiction (sci-f) movies over the decades have shown us different versions of Mars. The truth about the Martian surface might be exciting because it's real. And with NASA' s Mars 2020 mission set to launch this summer, we're facing more discovery.
So far, thanks to a decade of research enabled by NASA's Curiosity rover, we've learned that lakes, rivers streams and likely oceans used to appear on Mars. While its water disappeared over three billion years ago, it tells us that Mars used to be habitable. This knowledge confuses us because so far, we've seen no clear evidence of life there, not even a virus. But if Mars was once habitable, wouldn't it have life?
NASA is now prepared to take the next step to answer this question with the launch of another rover, Perseverance. Every time a rover goes to Mars, it just stays there, with no way to fly back home. So we have never brought rock or soil samples back from Mars.
Perseverance rover will change this. Its primary and unique purpose is to collect samples that a future spacecraft can return to Earth. These samples will tell us more about the geologic history of Mars than anything we've learned, which is already a lot. Since 2012. the Curiosity rover has traveled more than a dozen miles, making observations along the way with its 10 instruments.
Thanks to data from the Curiosity rovers Sample Analysis at Mars instrument, we know that Mars does indeed have organic materials. That’s more complex than we expected to find on the surface of Mars. And that's exactly why we want to gather the most interesting samples and bring them back to Earth. We expect to find out much more about Mars once we get samples back from the Mars 2020 mission.
1.What is the purpose of Mars 2020 Mission?
A.To explore the Martian surface. B.To travel around the universe.
C.To show the power of NASA. D.To study the life on Mars.
2.What does the underlined word "habitable" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A.Enjoyable to visit. B.Suitable for living.
C.Ready for changes. D.Convenient to travel.
3.What was the problem with Mars exploration before Perseverance?
A.The rovers could not reach Mars.
B.Observations were hard to make.
C.Samples on Mars couldn't be brought back.
D.Study instruments got lost in the space station.
4.Which of the following can be the best title of the text?
A.New Mars rover to be launched B.Sei-fi movies on Mars to be made
C.Curiosity to bring back Mars samples D.NASA to send manned rover to Mars
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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The lecture hall______ by Doctor Li in the 1980s can contain at most 6,000 people.
A．set up B．was set up C．is set up D．setting up
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析