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任务型阅读
A long story about people is usually called a novel. It can be about any kind of man, woman, or child. It can be about kings, or Chicago newsboys, or housewives. The French writer, Victor Hugo, wrote his novel Les Miserables about a poor man who stole (偷) a loaf of bread. The American writer, Ernest Hemingway, wrote A Farewell to Arms about a young American with the Italian Army in World War One.
A novel can tell the story of any kind of action, over any period of time. The modern Irish writer, James, Joyce, covers less than twenty-four hours in Ulysses. Yet, Joyce takes a thousand pages to tell all that happens from the time one man gets up in the morning until he goes to bed early the next morning. A German writer, Herman Hesse, uses only one hundred and fifty pages in his novel Demian to cover a boy’s life from the age of ten until he becomes a young man.
A novel does not just tell the things that people do. It also tells why they do them. The Badge of Courage, by the American novelist, Stephen Crane, tells about a young soldier who runs away the first time he is in the war. The book shows why he acted as he did. It describes his mental suffering (精神折磨) until he overcomes his fears.
People buy novels because they enjoy reading about other people. The novel meets the human desire (欲望) to know and understand other people.
| Definition (定义) | It is a long story about people. |
| Character | 1. of any kind | Les Miserables is about a man who stole bread. |
| A Farewell to Arms is about a young American with the Indian Army. |
| 2. | Cover any period of time | Ulysses covers less than 24 hours. |
| Demian to cover a boy’s life from the age of ten 3. he becomes a young man. |
| Plot (情节) | Things and4. ____ for doing them. | The Badge of Courage describes a young soldier’s mental suffering. |
| Purpose | Meet the human desire to know 5. . |
| | |
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Basketball is so exciting that _____ people play it for fun.
A. million B. two millions
C. million of D. millions of
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Basketball is so exciting that ________ people play it for fun .
A. million B. two millions
C. million of D. millions of
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Basketball is so popular a game that________people play it for fun and exercise．
A．million of
B．millions of
C．millions
D．two millions
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Sharing bikes are getting _________. You can see many people riding them to go to work, have fun, or exercise every day.
A. popular and popular
B. more and more popular
C. more popular and more popular
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Now more and more people get to know the importance of doing sports. It can bring fun us and it can also make us .
what should we do?
First, we should choose (选择) our favorite ones from kinds of sports. The sports must be right for us.
Second, we must warm up (热身) before .
Third, a beginner, you had better have an exercise plan. For example, are you going to exercise each time? How many a week? If you’re a of sports, it’s important to know this.
Last but not least, you had better not exercise if you feel , or it will be very dangerous.
1.A. for B. to C. with D. on
2.A. health B. healthy C. warm D. healthily
3.A. Or B. And C. But D. So
4.A. same B. the same C. difference D. different
5.A. exercise B. exercising C. to exercise D. exercises
6.A. as B. than C. then D. so
7.A. how often B. how many C. how much D. how long
8.A. times B. time C. people D. players
9.A. love B. loving C. loves D. lover
10.A. fine B. fit C. ill D. well
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完型填空。（10分）
Basketball is a very popular game in the USA . People all 1ike it. Most people can it. A basketball is a and big ball. It’s bigger and heavier than a football. It’s of all the balls. There are players in each team. Basketball is quite popular in China, . Children often take a to school and play it school. In China some girls can play basketball better than boys. NBA games are very in the world. Many people like them.
1.A. have B. play C. see D. take
2.A. oval B. square C. round D. light
3.A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest
4.A. two B. four C. five D. eleven
5.A. again B. also C. so D. too
6.A. basketball B. football C. volleyball D. soccer
7.A.to B.after C.out D. between
8.A. \ (不填) B. a C. the D. an
9.A.happy B. famous C. boring D. bad
10.A. watching B. see C. looking D. play
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Basketball is a very popular game ______ the USA. People all like it. Most people can ______ it. A basketball is a round and big ball. It’s ______ and ______ than a football. It is played between two teams. There are 5 players in ______ team. It was a fast, wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball. Basketball is still a young game. It’s over a hundred years old. Basketball is quite popular in China, ______ . If you travel around China you will notice it’s very popular everywhere you go.
Children often take a basketball to school and play ______after school. In China some girls can play basketball ______ boys. NBA games are very ______ in the world. More than 100 million people in 208 countries like ______ them on TV. Basketball has become a more popular sport for people to watch, and many young people dream of becoming famous basketball players.
1.A.in B.on C.from D.to
2.A.have B.play C.watch D.take
3.A.big B.biger C.bigger D.biggest
4.A.heavy B.heavier C.heaviest D.the heaviest
5.A.every B.both C.each D.all
6.A.again B.also C.so D.too
7.A.it B.them C.its D.they
8.A.as good as B.better C.as well as D.best
9.A.famous B.interesting C.boring D.good
10.A.watching B.seeing C.looking D.playing
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Basketball is a very popular game________the USA. People all like it. Most people can_______it. A basketball is a round and big ball. It’s________and________than a football. It is played between two teams. There are________players in each team. It is a fast, wonderful game with much moving and passing of the ball. Basketball is still a young game. It’s over a hundred years old. Basketball is quite popular in China,______. If you travel around China you will notice it’s very popular everywhere you go.
Children often take a________to school and play it after school. In China some girls can play basketball_________than boys. NBA games are very________in the world. More than 100 million people in 208 countries like_______them on TV. Basketball has become a more popular sport for people to watch, and many young people dream of becoming famous basketball players.
1.A. in B. on C. from D. to
2.A. have B. play C. watch D. take
3.A. big B. biger C. bigger D. biggest
4.A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest
5.A. two B. four C. five D. eleven
6.A. again B. also C. so D. too
7.A. basketball B. football C. volleyball D. soccer
8.A. good B. well C. better D. best
9.A. famous B. interesting C. boring D. good
10.A. watching B. reading C. looking D. playing
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Old habits, especially bad ones, can be hard to break.
People often make fun of New Year's resolutions (决心). However, resolutions present a big opportunity for self-improvement. Fortunately, social science has some ideas about how to start a good habit and stick to it.
Gary Charness and Uri Gneezy, two scientists at the University of Chicago, did some research, where 120 students were asked to take part in an experiment about exercise habits, and each of them would get $175 in the end. The students were randomly assigned (随机分配) to three groups. The first group got the money for just giving researchers permission (允许) to record their gym attendance (出勤). The second group gave permission, but had to go to the gym at least once the next month. The final group gave permission and had to go to the gym eight times that month.
Unsurprisingly, the group that had to make eight gym visits to get paid exercised more than the other two groups. After the payments stopped, these students kept going to the gym at higher rates (频率). They went to the gym about twice as often as the other two groups.
In another study, researchers invited 151 students to work out in the gym, and randomly assigned 75 to a "temptation-bundling" group. As they exercised, they listened to the start of an attractive audio-novel (有声小说).At the end of their workout, students were told that if they wanted to hear what happened next in their book, they would have to come back to the gym .They could only listen to the audio-book while exercising. The other 76 students also completed the first workout but without any kind of temptation bundle.
It turned out that the students in the temptation-bundling group visited the gym 27% more often than the control group over the next seven weeks. Sadly, the temptation-bundling trick fell apart over the Thanksgiving holiday when the gym was closed.
The studies show that trying something new quite often for as little as a month can kick-start a lasting change in behavior. Moreover, "temptation-bundling" may also be a useful method for changing behavior, particularly when used together with other methods. Even if you cannot promise yourself to stick with something for long, there is a huge benefit in putting in a lot of energy for a few weeks. It may pay off for longer than you think. So, why not challenge yourself with next New Year's resolution?
1.What can we learn from the two studies?
A.The students got different payments according to their gym attendance.
B.The temptation-bundling group loved audio-novels more than the other group.
C.The students who exercised more often at first were more likely to keep working out.
D.27% of students in the temptation-bundling group exercised more often than before.
2.The third paragraph is mainly about ________.
A.what was found in the research
B.how the research was performed
C.why the scientists did the research
D.who took part in the research
3.The underlined word "temptation-bundling" in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A.forming new habits by trying something you didn't like before
B.pushing yourself by doing two tasks at the same time
C.improving your workout skills by listening to audio-books
D.connecting something you like with something you have to do
4.What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?
A.To encourage people to go to the gym more often.
B.To present a new way to do scientific research.
C.To offer advice on how to develop a good habit.
D.To stress the importance of New Year's resolutions.
