Energy goes from one plant or animal to anoth...

Energy goes from one plant or animal to another. A food chain shows how this energy moves. Each time an animal gets eaten, its energy is passed onto the animal that eats it. The food chain is very important because it keeps the balance of nature. If one part of the food chain disappears, it can affect all the other plants and animals. Any threat to the food chain is a threat to the environment’s biodiversit(生物多样性). The food chain helps keep animal populations in balance. However, if something happens to increase or decrease one of the links in the food chain, that balance is broken. If one animal becomes endangered, it puts all the animals above it at risk.

Some of the threats are natural, such as wildfires, hurricanes, tornados, floods and so on. But the biggest threats to the food chain come from you and me. These threats include overhunting, overfishing, logging, farming, development, pollution, etc. The food chain is endangered anywhere humans have had an effect on the natural environment.

A recent study shows that the overfishing of large sharks is damaging the food chain along the US Atlantic coast. Canadian and American scientists say sharks are being killed in great numbers for their meat and fins(鳍). Now, not enough sharks are around to eat the cownose(牛鼻) ray. The ray’s population has increased and they have eaten up the shellfish to the point where it has hurt commercial(商业的) fishing.

Many of us disturb the natural environment in our own backyards. It’s up to us to take care of the environment and try not to disrupt the natural food chain. If we don’t act responsibly, animals will start disappearing.

1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A. The food chain is not easy to be broken.

B. The energy of an animal usually disappears when it dies.

C. Increasing the links will not break the balance of nature.

D. Breaking the food chain is bad for the biodiversity of the environment.

2.The study mentioned in Paragraph 3 proves that　　　　　　　　 .

A. human activities can be a big threat to the food chain

B. we are all responsible for the breaking of the food chain

C. natural disasters are hard to break the food chain

D. hunting large sharks for meat is beneficial

3.We can infer that the writer wrote this passage mainly to　　　　　　　　 .

A. explain what the food chain is

B. tell us something interesting about Nature

C. suggest that we stop eating meat to save animals

D. suggest that we not disrupt the natural food chain

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

For many years, ____ animals for carrying food and other supplies from one area to another has been a means of living in Xinjiang Autonomous Region .

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Nearly all our food comes from the soil. Some of us eat meat, of course, but animals live on plants. If there were no plants, we would have no animals and no meat. So the soil is very necessary for life. The top of the ground is usually covered with grass or other plants. There may be dead leaves and dead plants on the grass. The waste matter (粪) from animals also falls on it.

All soil needs food. If we do not give it any, the plants will be weak. Farmers found that animals’ waste is the best food for the soil, but chemical fertilizers (化肥) are also very useful. The same crop (庄稼) should not be grown in the same place every year; it’s better to have a different crop. A change of crop and the use of a good fertilizer will keep the land good.

1.What would happen first without plants?

A．People would have more crops.            B．Animals would die.

C．There would be more food.                D．There would be less soil.

2.What does the writer tell us in the first paragraph (段落)?

A．Leaves, plants, grass and waste live on each other.

B．There would be no animals without meat.

C．There would be no plants without animals.

D．People, animals, plants and soil live on each other.

3.Which is the best food for soil in the field?

A．Chemical fertilizers  B．Plants and grass.    C．Animals’ waste.   D．Different crops.

4.Why do we often grow a different crop in the same place every year?

A．Because we can keep the soil rich this way.

B．Because we don’t have enough land.

C．Because we want to have a different food.

D．Because we do this as a habit.

5.What is the best title for the passage?

A．Soil and Waste     B．Plants and Animals   C．Food and Waste    D．Soil and Food

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The food chain is the order in which animals and plants eat each other in order to survive. Every living creature(生物) needs to eat other creatures below it. Every ecosystem（生态系统） has a different food chain, depending on which animals and plants live there.

The lowest part of the food chain are the plants. They are called producers because they produce their own food by using the sunlight's energy. This process is called photosynthesis(光合作用). Animals are the consumers（消费者） of the food chain.They eat other plants and animals.

Some animals only eat plants.Among this group of herbivores are rabbits,mice and cows. Carnivores are animals that eat other animals,like wolves,foxes and lions.

Each food chain has a predator,the strongest animal that is not eaten by others. Hawks or polar bears are such predators that dominate（支配）their habitats.

Many creatures belong to more than one food chain. Grass,for example,is eaten by many other animals. Food chains that are connected to each other are called food webs.

When an animal dies it is eaten up by worms,bacteria（细菌） and other organisms. These so-called decomposers break down dead animals and plants into small parts and enrich soil so that other plants can grow better. The nutrients of dead animals and plants are converted（转换） back to the soil so that plants can use them again.

The balance of plants and animals within a food chain is determined by nature. For example,if there are too many zebras in an area, many of them will die because they cannot get enough food to feed on. This also means that there is less food for predators, like lions, to eat. And when there are fewer lions the zebra population will grow again.

1.What does the food chain of a certain ecosystem depend on?

A. Which animals and plants live there.

B. Whether animals and plants eat each other.

C. How many kinds of plants are living there.

D. Whether a living creature needs to eat other creatures.

2.Which of the following statements can be called the process of photosynthesis?

A. Animals and plants eat each other in order to survive.

B. Every living creature needs to eat other creatures below it.

C. Plants make use of the sunlight's energy to produce their own food.

D. Animals are the consumers of other plants and animals in a food chain.

3.What does the underlined word “herbivores” in the third paragraph refer to?

A. Animals that eat other animals.

B. Animals that get on well with other animals.

C. Animals that only eat plants.

D. Animals that eat plants and other animals.

4.Which of the following shows the right order of a food chain?

A. bacteria→insects→mice　　 B. grass→insects→foxes

C. bacteria→grass→insects　　 D. grass→rabbits→lions

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Most of the foods we eat today were at one time or another not known to man. One by one they are 1and became a part of our everyday 2. Very often the person, who was the first to3these foods, however, had to be a person of 4. Who, for 5, ate the first crab（蟹）and who, the first mushroom？

When6and coffee were first introduced to7in the eighteenth century, there were many 8for and against their use. Some people claimed（宣称）that they were 9, and that, if drunk over long periods of time, they would kill10. In Sweden, King Gustav III decided to find out whether these 11were true or false. It 12happened that there were two brothers who were in 13at the time；they were twins and were almost exactly alike in every 14. They had also been sentenced to 15. The King decided to let them live if one of them 16to drink several cups of tea each day and the other, several cups of17each day.

Both brothers lived many years without any 18of any kind. At last one brother who 19to drink tea every day died at the age of 74 and 20died a few years later. Because of the way the experiment had turned out, Sweden is today one of the countries in the world where much tea and coffee are drunk.

1.A. introduced    B. produced       C. added          D. changed

2.A. drink          B. cost          C. diet              D. interest

3.A. cook           B. discover       C. try            D. check

4.A. success       B. courage         C. practice        D. will

5.A. free          B. ever            C. long            D. example

6.A. tea           B. tobacco        C. milk            D. chocolate

7.A. America          B. Europe         C. Africa         D. England

8.A. attempts      B. decisions      C. opinions        D. advice

9.A. different     B. common            C. plants         D. poisonous

10.A. a person       B. themselves     C. others          D. ourselves

11.A. wishes        B. decisions       C. doubts        D. conversations

12.A. so            B. very              C. too              D. much

13.A. school         B. hospital        C. danger          D. prison

14.A. day            B. way             C. part           D. photograph

15.A. death          B. dead            C. die             D. dying

16.A. agreed         B. pleased         C. allowed         D. prepared

17.A. milk           B. water           C. coffee          D. orange

18.A. food            B. problems      C. taste            D. happiness

19.A. had            B. enjoyed         C. allowed         D. insisted

20.A. others         B. other           C. another         D. the other

高一英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

It is the year 3000. I come to a place where I can’t see any water, plants or animals but black clouds in the sky and sand everywhere. It’s very dry so I drink some water that I carry with me. A native sees what I do and asks “What is it?” I pour some water and tell him it’s called water. “Oh, I’m so lucky that I can see water!” the man shouts in an excited voice. “You have never seen water? But how can you live without water?” I ask.

“Harry, get up, it is 7 o’clock, or you will be late!” a voice comes to my ears. “Oh! What a strange dream I dreamed just now!”

In class, I always think of that dream. And I also think of the fresh air, clean water, blue sky, green plants and animals in our world nowadays. How beautiful our life is!

But in order to make more money, people have built more and more factories. These factories send out waste smoke and water with chemicals which are harmful to the environment. The pollution is becoming worse and worse, and as a result, some animals and plants die out. With the development of agriculture, farmers spray aerosol (喷雾) and fertilizer, which also pollute the water and air. In the street the cars and buses are sending out heavy smoke which pollutes the air badly. Even tourism is harmful to the environment. When some tourists travel somewhere, they throw the plastic bags and rubbish onto the ground.

These behaviors are polluting the environment and the environment will become the greatest problem of the world. We shouldn’t pollute the environment any more. Otherwise more and more animals and plants will disappear. And maybe my dream will come true in the future.

1.In the place I come to, I can’t see　　　　 .

A.plants B.man

C.clouds D.sand.

2.From the passage we can infer Harry is the name of 　　　 .

A.a dog B.one of the author’s friends

C.the author’s sister D.the author

3.The author 　　　 the environment of the future.

A.is satisfied with B.is worried about

C.is angry about D.has an optimistic attitudes towards

4.From the passage, we can conclude _______ is the cause of the polluted environment.

A.cars and buses B.fertilizer

C.tourism D.man

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Some experts say that scientific progress will one day help humans to last tens of years longer than what is now seen as the natural limit（限制）of the human life span（寿命）.

“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality (永生),” said Michael Zey, a Montclair State University business professor and author of two books on the future. “ I think by 2075 we will see it and that’s a conservative estimate（保守估计）.”

At the conference in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School in Newark said progress in using genes as well as nanotechnology（纳米技术）makes it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “ There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “ Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 200 or 300 or 500 years.”

However, many scientists who research into aging are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and organs will finally lead all humans to death.

Scientists also disagree on what kind of life the super aged might live. “It remains to be seen whether you could be healthy enough to have good quality of life when you pass 120.” said Leonard Poon, director of the University of Georgia Gerontology Center. “ At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”

1.By saying “ we are knocking at the door immortality”, Michael Zey means_____.

A．they believe that there is no limit of living

B．they are sure to find the truth about long living

C．they have got some ideas about long living

D．they are able to make people live beyond the present life span

2.Donald Louria’s attitude toward long living is that_____.

A．people can live from 120 to 180

B．it is still doubtful how long humans can live

C．the human body is designed to last about 120 years

D．it is possible for humans to live longer in the future

3.The underlined “ it” (Para. 4) refers to_____.

A．a great push

B．the idea of living beyond the present life span

C．the idea of living from 200 to 300

D．the conservative estimate

4.What would be the best title for this text?

A．Living longer or not

B．Science, technology and long living

C．No limit for human life

D．Healthy lifestyle and long living

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

For the British, the home is a private place in which he or she goes to hide away from the troubles of life. It is very seldom that one would be invited to a British person’s home. It is rude to knock on a person’s door if you are not invited. If you are invited, don’t ask to see more than the downstairs that your British host invites you into. Never ask how much the house or any of the items in it cost.

To the American, most of them want their home to be a place where they can entertain (款待) and share their lives with their friends. They may be delighted to give you a full tour of their houses. They may also be pleased when you show your interest and pleasure in their houses.

Both British and American people will engage in quite a bit of chat and a drink or two before the meal is served. After the first mouthful, you should say how delicious the food is and ask something about it. Remember, never eat with your mouth open and make very little noise while eating. It would be nice of you to help your host in any way. Maybe offer to pour some drinks or clear up after the meal.

1.British people _______ invite friends to their home.

A. often           B. always         C. seldom         D. never

2.If your British friend invites you to his home, you can ____.

A. see anything you like

B. ask how much his house is

C. ask the cost of any of the items in it

D. only see the downstairs that you are invited into

3.When you show your interest and pleasure in American people’s house, they may be _____.

A. angry        B. happy        C. sad           D. worried

4.What does the underlined “engage in” mean in Chinese?

A. 陷入        B. 参与          C. 回避            D. 限制

5.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Some manners on visiting British and American people’s home.

B. Different table manners between British and American people.

C. Different ideas about the home between British and American people

D. Different ideas about how to get along well with neighbors between British and American people.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

No one likes to fail. Whether it’s at work, at home, or in another area of your life, failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both.1. If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential. The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you’ve failed.

Remember that other people fail too. 2. They’ll tell you about that great new contract(合同) they signed, not the deal that failed eventually though they worked on it for months. But failure is normal, and lots of people fail time and time again before meeting with success.

Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean that you’re worthless, or that you’ll never achieve the things you want.3. Maybe you had high marks last term, or you lost weight, or you learned to play a musical instrument. You might want to write down a list of successes---things that you’ve accomplished over the past few years, whether big or small. If you ever lack confidence, you can go back and read over that list.

4. Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them. Perhaps you did badly in an exam, or lost your temper and had to apologize. It’s not fun to think about the times when things went wrong, but by acknowledging your failures, you can remind yourself that today is no different. Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too.

5. Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking.

A. Make a decision.

B. Limit the damage caused.

C. Remind yourself of your past failures.

D. However, failure is a normal part of life.

E. Get some advice and support from others.

F. Most people don’t talk openly about their failures.

G. Think of all the times in the past when you’ve succeeded.

高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Plants can’t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds (挥发性化合物) —— chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower’s sweet smell, for example, comes from such volatile compounds to attract insects such as bugs and bees.

Plants can also discover  volatile compounds produced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insets, for instance, may give off these chemicals in order to let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off their chemicals to keep the bugs away —— or even chemicals that will attract the bugs’ natural enemies.

Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor (传感器) called an “electronic nose”. The “e-nose” can tell such compounds as plants make. When plants are attacked, scientists say, the e-nose could help quickly decide whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today, the only way to spot such insects is to inspect individual plants by observing them. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, including those that can house thousands of plants. The research team is working with an e-nose that can recognize volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds based on the interactions (相互作用), and then the e-nose will give off electronic signals that the scientists can analyze by using computer software.

To test the e-nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all being common greenhouse crops. Then scientists collected samples of the air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged either by insects or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器).

The e-nose, it turns out, can identify healthy cucumber, pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage —— by insects or with a hole punch —— had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine-tuning (微调), a device like the e-nose can one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this can also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, India, who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device can bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

1.We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by ______.

2.What did the scientists do to find out if the e-nose worked?

3.According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can ______.

4.We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose ______.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析