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Could your next pet be a goat? New research suggests that these farm animals try to communicate with people in the same way that dogs and horses do. In a series of experiments, researchers found that when the animals had a problem that they couldn’t solve alone，the goats would gaze at a person for help. The research also shows that goats will change their actions according to a person’s behavior.
Goats were the first domesticated（驯化为）livestock species, about 10,000 years ago, according to Alan McElligott. “From our earlier research, we already know that goats are smarter than people think, but these results show how they can communicate and interact with people even though they were not domesticated as pets or working animals，” McElligott said in a statement.
To test the goats’ communication skills, the researchers trained the animals to remove the lid from a box to receive a reward. The reward was then made inaccessible（得不到的，不能接近的）, and the goats’ reactions toward the experimenters—who were either facing the goats or had turned away—were recorded. The researchers found that the goats would gaze at the forward-facing person more often, and for longer periods of time. Sometimes, the goats would also approach the forward-facing person before returning to the box.
“Goats gaze at humans in the same way as dogs when asking for a treat that is out of reach，” study researcher Christian Nawroth said in the same statement. “Our results provide strong evidence for communication directed at humans in a species that was domesticated mainly for agricultural product, and goats show similarities with animals bred to become pets or working animals，such as dogs and horses.”
The authors said that they hope the study will help people to better understand domesticated animals like goats, dogs and horses, and how they interact with humans.
1.The underlined word “they” in the first paragraph refers to .
A. the researchers B. the horses
C. the goats D. the dogs
2.What did the goats do after they couldn’t receive the reward?
A. They refused to remove the lid.
B. They stared at the experimenters.
C. They turned away.
D. They returned to the box quickly.
3.What is the aim of the research?
A. To study the habits of animals in order to understand their feelings.
B. To raise more domesticated animals like goats, dogs and horses.
C. To show the similarity between goats and dogs.
D. To make people better understand domesticated animals.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Throw out the bottles and boxes of drugs in your house. A new theory suggests that medicine could be bad for your health. This new theory argues that healing (the process of becoming healthy and strong again) is at our fingertips: we can be healthy by doing Reiki on a regular basis.
Supporters of medical treatment argue that medicine should be trusted since it is effective and scientifically proven. They say that there is no need for spiritual methods such as Reiki, Yoga, TaiChi. These waste our time, something that is quite precious in our material world. There is medicine that can kill our pain and x-rays that show us our broken bones. We must admit that these methods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However, there are some "everyday complaints" such as back pains, headaches, which are treated currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin; when you cannot sleep, you take Xanax without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long period, you become dependent on them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of money but never get better. How about a safer and more economical way of healing? When doing Reiki to yourself, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very economical. Also, there are no side effects and it is scientifically explained.
They also claim that serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and cancer cannot be treated without drugs. They think so because these patients spend the rest of their lives in the hospital taking medicine. How can Reiki make these people healthy again? It is very unfortunate that these patients have to live in the hospital losing their hair and weight because of the side effects of the medicine they take. Actually, instead of drugs which are expensive and have many side effects, you can use your energy to overcome the hardships of life, find an emotional balance, leave the stress of everyday life and let go of the everyday worries.
Some people may still hold that in our material world, everything depends on time. How would it be possible to find time to do Reiki? In fact, Reiki does not require more than 15 minutes of our time. It is less time consuming than medicine if we think of all the time we spend taking medicine for some complaints and taking some more for the side effects as well.
1.The author's attitude towards Reiki is ______.
A.disinterested B.serious
C.positive D.grateful
2.The underlined word in Paragraph 2 "side" means________?
A.negative B.wonderful
C.huge D.extreme
3.According to the passage, which of the statements is correct?
A.Reiki will soon become the most popular exercise around the world.
B.Reiki is an effective treatment but not scientifically explained.
C.Reiki can make people less dependent on drugs.
D.Reiki is a kind of cheap drug but works well.
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.A New Way of Treating Illness
B.Health and Healing at Your Fingers
C.The Advantages and Disadvantages of Reiki
D.The Advantages and Disadvantages of Medicine
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Throw out the bottles and boxes of drugs in your house. A new theory suggests that medicine could be bad for your health. This new theory argues that healing (the process of becoming healthy and strong again) is at our fingertips: we can be healthy by doing Reiki on a regular basis.
Supporters of medical treatment argue that medicine should be trusted since it is effective and scientifically proven. They say that there is no need for spiritual methods such as Reiki, Yoga, Tai Chi. These waste our time, something that is quite precious in our material world. There is medicine that can kill our pain and x-rays that show us our broken bones. We must admit that these m
ethods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However, there are some "everyday complaints" such as back pains, headaches, which are treated currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin; when you cannot sleep, you take Xanax without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long period, you become dependent on them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of money but never get better. How about a safer and more economical way of healing? When doing Reiki to yourself, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very economical. Also, there are no side effects and it is scientifically explained.They also claim that serious illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and cancer cannot be treated without drugs. They think so because these patients spend the rest of their lives in the hospital taking medicine. How can Reiki make these people healthy again? It is very unfortunate that these patients have to live in the hospital losing their hair and weight because of the side effects of the medicine they take. Actually, instead of drugs which are expensive and have many side effects, you can use your energy to overcome the hardships of life, find an emotional balance, leave the stress of everyday life and let go of the everyday worries.
Some people may still hold that in our material world, everything depends on time. How would it be possible to find time to do Reiki? In fact, Reiki does not require more than 15 minutes of our time. It is less time consuming than medicine if we think of all the time we spend taking medicine for some complaints and taking some more for the side effects as well.
1.The author's attitude towards Reiki is ______.
A. disinterested B. serious
C. positive D. doubtful
2.According to the passage, which of the statements is correct?
A. Reiki will soon become the most popular exercise around the world.
B. Reiki is an effective treatment but not scientifically explained.
C. Reiki can make people less dependent on drugs.
D. Reiki is a kind of cheap drug but works well.
3.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. A New Way of Treating Illness
B. Health and Healing at Your Fingers
C. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Reiki
D. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Medicine
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Starting the day on an egg could keep your blood pressure (血压) under control, research suggests. Scientists have shown that eggs produce proteins with a function similar to that of powerful pressure-lowering drugs.
The research, from the University of Alberta in Canada, showed that when eggs come in contact with stomach enzymes (酶) they produce a protein that acts in the same way as Ace inhibitors, but more work is needed to show the effects outside a lab and in the human body.
Earlier this month, British researchers declared that, contrary to popular beliefs, it is healthy to go to work on an egg. They concluded that the type of cholesterol (胆固醇) found in eggs has little effect on increasing heart disease risks.
Researcher Professor Bruce Griffin, from the University of Surrey, said: ‘The wrong beliefs linking egg eating to high blood cholesterol and heart disease must be corrected. The amount of fat in our diet has an effect on blood cholesterol that is several times greater than the relatively small amounts of cholesterol found in eggs. The UK public do not need to be limiting the number of eggs they eat. They can be encouraged to include them in a healthy diet as they are one of nature’s most nutritious foods.”
The British Heart Foundation dropped its three-egg-a-week limit in 2005. However, almost half of Britons believe the limit still applies.
1.From the text we know that Ace inhibitors are .
A. a kind of medicine B. a kind of protein
C. a kind of illness D. a kind of food
2.According to what Professor Bruce said, eggs .
A. are the most nutritious food.
B. have no effect on blood cholesterol
C. can be included in a healthy diet
D. are forbidden to be eaten in the UK
3.We can infer from the text that .
A. drugs to lower blood pressure will be replaced by eating eggs
B. stomach enzymes mixed with eggs can cure heart diseases
C. most Britons agree the three-egg-a-week limit should be dropped
D. about 50% of Britons think eating an egg a day is bad for their health
4.The text is meant to .
A. introduce scientific findings about eggs
B. introduce a medicine made from eggs
C. tell people how to lower their blood pressure
D. advise people to eat as many eggs as possible
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Role models (榜样) are important for inspiring (鼓舞) scientists, but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more motivating (激励人的) than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
In a series of studies, researchers found that young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with effort than those whose success was because of born intelligence, even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.
Danfei Hu, a doctoral student at Penn State, and Janet N. Ann, an assistant professor of psychology at William Paterson University, said the findings — recently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychology — will help deal with certain secret about what it takes to succeed in science.
According to the researchers, there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out from those career paths once they graduate from college. To help solve the problem, Hu and Ahn wanted to research role modeling (行为榜样), which gives the students specific goals, behaviors or strategies (策略) they can follow.
The researchers performed studies with 176, and 162 participants (参与者) in each, respectively. In the first study, all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in their science career. However, half were told the story was about Einstein, while half were told it was about Thomas Edison. Although the stories are the same, participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance (才华) was the reason for Einstein’s success. In addition, the participants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of math problems.
“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius, with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent,” Hu said. “Edison, on the other hand, is known for failing more than 1,000 times when trying to create the light bulb, and his success is usually linked to his effort.” Hu added, “Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and effort, more students will step into science confidently. “
1.What kind of scientists are more motivating?
A.Those who are famous around the world.
B.Those who are famous for their hard work.
C.Those who are viewed as naturally brilliant.
D.Those who are viewed as great in ventors.
2.What is the concern in the science community?
A.Fewer students will work on science.
B.The students will drop out of school soon.
C.There are fewer role models for students to follow.
D.Some scientists can not give students specific goals.
3.Why were some participants motivated to complete a series of math problems?
A.They knew the problems were given by Edison.
B.They believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.
C.They believed they could solve the problems by working hard.
D.They knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.
4.What is the best title for the text?
A.Einstein’s Success Story
B.Edison’s Achievements Are Greater
C.How to Be a Great Scientist
D.Einstein Is Less Encouraging Than Edison
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research. In a scientific study, doctors asked 20 men and 20 women to keep their hands in very hot water for as long as possible while breathing in different smells.
As people believe that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were asked not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment began. During the experiment, volunteers were asked to take in pleasant smells such as vanilla (香草), and unpleasant smells such as durians (榴莲). The volunteers kept their hands in the water until it became too hot for them. When they could not bear the pain any more, they took their hands out of the water.
Scientists are interested in whether the senses or smell is related to pain and whether men and women have the same senses. Now, the study has proved that for women, pleasant smells reduce pain. For men, there is no change.
Dr Finkelstein has been studying smells since 1999. He says that scientists already have data from 40 volunteers. He adds that this year, scientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position to explain the results.
One explanation is that women’s sense of smell developed long ago, and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies. Scientists used to believe that mothers recognized their children by sight only. Now, they have started to believe that the sense of smell also helps, but why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists.
1.Before the experiment, volunteers ______.
A．are gathered and take a training
B．cannot eat or drink for several hours
C．must wash their hands carefully
D．will be interviewed by Dr Finkelstein
2.If both men and women are asked to keep their hands in hot water while taking in some pleasant smells, ______.
A．women may stand the pain of the hot water longer
B．men may keep their hands in the hot water longer
C．they will probably take their hands out at the same time
D．we are not quite sure who will take their hands out earlier
3.From the passage we learn that _________.
A．the reason why women are sensitive to smells is clear
B．the experiment for the sense of smell has come to an end
C．unpleasant smells affect men’s senses more than women’s
D．scientists have not totally explained the result of the study
4.Now scientists believe that _______.
A．mothers recognize their children only by sight
B．men’s sense of smell developed a long time ago
C．strong smells have a great influence on people’s senses
D．smells are helpful for mothers to spot their children
5.The writer wrote the passage in order to ________.
A．supply some entertainment to us
B．show women’s sharper senses than men’s
C．inform the readers of some knowledge
D．call for volunteers for the experiment
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Conventional wisdom says that hardship can make us before our time. In fact, a new study suggests that violence not only leaves long-term scars on children's bodies, but also changes their DNA, causing changes that equal to seven to ten years of premature aging (提前衰老).
“Scientists measured this by studying the ends of children' s chromosomes(染色体), called telomeres.” says Idan Shalev, lead author of a study published in Molecular Psychiatry.
Telomeres are special DNA sequences (序列)which prevent the DNA in chromosomes from separating. They get shorter each time a cell divides, until a cell cannot divide any more and dies.
Several factors have been found to shorten telomeres including smoking, radiation (辐射) and psychological stress(心理压力), such as being treated badly when young, and taking care of someone who is permanently ill.
In the study, researchers examined whether exposure to(暴露于) violence could make children' s telomeres shorten faster than normal. They interviewed the mothers of 236 children at the ages of 5, 7 and 10, asking whether the children had been exposed to violence between the mother and her partner, having been treated badly in a physical way by an adult, or bullying. Researchers measured the children's telomeres— in cells from their cheeks—at the ages of 5 and 10.
Telomeres shortened more quickly in children exposed to two or more types of violence, says Shalev. Unless such a pattern changes, the study suggests these children could be expected to develop diseases related to aging, such as heart attacks or memory loss, seven to ten years earlier than children of the same age.
Shalev says there is hope for these children. His study found that in some cases, telomeres can lengthen."Better exercise and stress reduction are three things that may be able to lengthen telomeres,” he says
1.The new study found that ________.
A. hardship has a long-term effect on a child's mind B. violence leaves scars on a child's mind
C. violence can speed up a child's aging D. hardship can change a child's DNA
2.According to the passage, telomeres ________.
A. are at the ends of people's chromosomes B. can help prevent DNA from separating
C. can make a cell die quickly D. become shorter before they die
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. Violence can cause quick cell division in children’s body.
B. Children at the ages of 5 to 10 are more likely to be exposed to violence.
C. Being treated badly will make a child's telomeres shorten faster.
D. Children who have shorter telomeres may have a heart attack earlier.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. Violence Aging Children’s DNA.
B. Children’s Changing DNA Patterns
C. Violence and Telomeres
D. The Function of Telomeres
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.
One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).
Researchers from the JKM Technologies Company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.
They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.
The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.
The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.
They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.
Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.
Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.
But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.
The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.
1.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.
B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.
C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.
D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.
2.Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?
A. Toes. B. Hips.
C. Feet. D. Legs.
3.What can we learn from the passage?
A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoid damaging our heel.
B. We should start running barefoot in no time.
C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than running in high heels.
D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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— Could you help me take care of my pet dog on the 19th?
— I’m afraid I'm not ____________ that day.
A.blank B.sufficient C.available D.convenient
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research says nuts could be a 1.(value), tasty and nutritious slimming aid. Researchers from Harvard University recommended that people replace a daily unhealthy snack with a small handful of nuts 2.(slow) down weight gain. This is 3.(especial) helpful for people as they get older. The researchers found that people who ate just 14g of nuts every day gained less weight 4.those who ate another snack. The people who ate the nuts were less likely to become obese (肥胖的). However, the benefits to our weight could be quite small. 5.(eat) nuts instead of chocolate and cakes could help prevent a weight gain of just 0.4 to 0.7kg over four years.
The researchers conducted a long-term study in which they looked at 6.lifestyle of nearly 190,000 people for over two 7.(decade). The participants in the research 8.(divide) into three groups. They included more than 51,000 male health professionals aged 40 to 75, 121,700 nurses aged 35 to 55 and 16,686 nurses aged 24 to 44. Researchers asked the participants questions every four years about 9.(they) weight, how often they ate nuts, and how often they exercised. A researcher said replacing less healthy foods with nuts might help reduce the weight gain 10. is common as we age, and might lower the chances of becoming obese.
高一英语语法填空简单题查看答案及解析
ethods are very effective in the examples that they provide. However, there are some "everyday complaints" such as back pains, headaches, which are treated currently with medicine. When you have a headache, you take an Aspirin; when you cannot sleep, you take Xanax without thinking of the side effects of these. When you use these pills for a long period, you become dependent on them; you cannot sleep without them. We pay huge amounts of money but never get better. How about a safer and more economical way of healing? When doing Reiki to yourself, you do not need anything except your energy so it is very economical. Also, there are no side effects and it is scientifically explained.