Animal training refers to teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli (刺激). Training may be for the purpose of companionship, detection, protection, entertainment or all of the above. | |
An animal trainer may use various forms of reinforcement (强化) or punishment to condition an animal’s responses. There are many ways to train animals and as a general rule no legal requirements or certifications (证书) are required. | |
Chickens Training chickens has become a way for trainers of other animals (primarily dogs) to perfect their training technique. Bob Bailey, former director of Animal Behavior Enterprises and the IQ Zoo, teaches in chicken training courses where trainers teach chickens to tell different shapes, to navigate an obstacle course and to chain behaviors together. | |
Fish Fish can also be trained. For example, a goldfish may swim toward its owner and follow him as he walks through the room, but will not follow anyone else. The fish may swim up and down, signaling the owner to turn on its aquarium (鱼缸) light when it is off, and it will skim the surface until its owner feeds it. Pet goldfish have also been taught to perform more complicated tasks, such as doing the limbo (a kind of dance) and pushing a miniature soccer ball into a net. | |
PigS Among all animals, they are the third cleverest — monkeys, dolphins and pigs. Scientists think the training of pigs is easier than the training of dogs and cats. Pigs have a very good sense of smell. They can find things nearby or faraway. They can also help the police to find out drugs at an airport or at a train station. |
1.Which is true according to the passage?
A. Most people train animals because they need friends.
B. Training animals requires some certifications.
C. Training chickens is a way to improve the trainers’ skills.
D. Bob Bailey is a professional animal trainer.
2.According to the passage, a fish can .
A. be trained to follow anyone
B. turn on its aquarium light when it is off
C. signal its owner to get fed
D. take part in a football game in the field
3.Scientists think the training of pigs is easier because .
A. pigs do not bite like dogs
B. the pigs are smart animals
C. pigs have a good sense of hearing
D. pigs can help find out 4rugs at an airport
4.The underlined word “miniature” means much than a normal one.
A. smaller B. more colorful
C. more attractive D. cheaper
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题
Animal training refers to teaching animals specific responses to specific conditions or stimuli (刺激). Training may be for the purpose of companionship, detection, protection, entertainment or all of the above. | |
An animal trainer may use various forms of reinforcement (强化) or punishment to condition an animal’s responses. There are many ways to train animals and as a general rule no legal requirements or certifications (证书) are required. | |
Chickens Training chickens has become a way for trainers of other animals (primarily dogs) to perfect their training technique. Bob Bailey, former director of Animal Behavior Enterprises and the IQ Zoo, teaches in chicken training courses where trainers teach chickens to tell different shapes, to navigate an obstacle course and to chain behaviors together. | |
Fish Fish can also be trained. For example, a goldfish may swim toward its owner and follow him as he walks through the room, but will not follow anyone else. The fish may swim up and down, signaling the owner to turn on its aquarium (鱼缸) light when it is off, and it will skim the surface until its owner feeds it. Pet goldfish have also been taught to perform more complicated tasks, such as doing the limbo (a kind of dance) and pushing a miniature soccer ball into a net. | |
PigS Among all animals, they are the third cleverest — monkeys, dolphins and pigs. Scientists think the training of pigs is easier than the training of dogs and cats. Pigs have a very good sense of smell. They can find things nearby or faraway. They can also help the police to find out drugs at an airport or at a train station. |
1.Which is true according to the passage?
A. Most people train animals because they need friends.
B. Training animals requires some certifications.
C. Training chickens is a way to improve the trainers’ skills.
D. Bob Bailey is a professional animal trainer.
2.According to the passage, a fish can .
A. be trained to follow anyone
B. turn on its aquarium light when it is off
C. signal its owner to get fed
D. take part in a football game in the field
3.Scientists think the training of pigs is easier because .
A. pigs do not bite like dogs
B. the pigs are smart animals
C. pigs have a good sense of hearing
D. pigs can help find out 4rugs at an airport
4.The underlined word “miniature” means much than a normal one.
A. smaller B. more colorful
C. more attractive D. cheaper
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
“Aw, isn't it cute?”
That, right there, is the officially accepted response to any animal contact(接触) the world over. Animals are cute. They're there to be photographed, loved, and occasionally fed. But you know what? Not all animals are cute, or lovely, or even nice. Some of them are a real pain in the neck.
When you travel, you come into contact with all sorts of animals you’ve never heard of before. Some of them are amazing creatures that you'll talk about for the rest of your life. Some of them are just annoying. So, at the risk of causing anger among animal lovers around the world, here are some of the world's most annoying animals.
Vervet monkeys, South Africa
You'll immediately notice two things about Vervet monkeys: they have a bright blue bottom; and they'll steal any food that's not locked in a bank safe. I recently spent some time in South Africa, and watched as monkey after monkey dived in from the trees and stole everyone's food. Get your own food, Vervets! My sandwich was expensive!!
Kea parrots, New Zealand
I have never seen one of these birds before but from what I've been told they are more annoying than a spoilt kid. From biting the paint off your car doors to stealing people's passports, Keas are probably the most curious, and therefore annoying, animals in the world. And they're New Zealanders. That makes sense!
Kangaroos, Australia
Another well-known food-stealer, kangaroos are loved by tourists, eaten by Australians, and generally enjoy making trouble for others. Go on a camping trip anywhere in Australia, and watch how long your bags of food last. Turn your back for 15 minutes and the camp will look like thieves have turned the place upside down.
Grizzly bears, USA
They look pretty cute, grizzly bears. You almost want to go up and give them a hug. Unfortunately, it wouldn't end well. In fact, one of the world's most huggable creatures is also the one most likely to kill you just because it can. Oh, and it'll steal your picnic basket, too.
1.The author uses the underlined expression “pain in the neck” to suggest .
A. these animals may bite you on the neck
B. these animals can cause people a lot of trouble
C. people should be fearful of these animals
D. these animals may cause some serious illness
2.Which of the animals is the most dangerous according to the writer?
A. Vervet monkeys. B. Grizzly Bears.
C. Kangaroos. D. Kea Parrots.
3.Which of the following is not correct according to the passage?
A. When people see the cute animals they might take photographs of them.
B. Sometimes people will feed the cute animals.
C. Australians eat kangaroos.
D. Spoilt kids are not annoying at all.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
According to a team of researchers,an animal's ability to perceive(感知)time is linked to their pace of life.
“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures." commented lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.
The study was done with a variety of animals using phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs,for example,have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.
One example of this phenomenon at work,the authors say,is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research showed flies “observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve,"which allows them to avoid being hit.
Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland,who worked jointly on the research project,said in a statement,“Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus,this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers,but they can make good decisions very quickly. ”
In comparison,the tiger beetle(虎甲虫)runs faster than its eyes can keep up,basically becoming blind,which requires it to stop periodically to re-evaluate its prey's(猎物)position.
Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension along which animals can specialize and there is considerable range to study this system in more detail.
1.What is the research mentioned in the passage mainly about?
A.Pace of life of animals. B.Impressive abilities of animals.
C.Lifetime of small animals. D.Time perception of animals.
2.What does Kevin Healy's comment mean in Para.2?
A.The survival of fast moving animals relies on their ability to perceive time.
B.Animals with quicker pace of life have better perception of time.
C.The ability of animals to perceive time depends on their high moving speed.
D.Animals with poor ability of time perception have a shorter life.
3.Why can houseflies avoid being hit?
A.They can think very deeply before they act.
B.They can process the information as quickly as they receive it.
C.They can fly much faster than their eyes can keep up.
D.They can send information to brain more quickly than to their eyes.
4.What will a tiger beetle have to do to catch a moving prey?
A.Slow down to gain its time perception.
B.Prevent itself from becoming blind.
C.Stop occasionally to spot the prey again.
D.Try to run as fast as it can.
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
It is difficult for parents of nearly every family to teach their children1.(be) responsible for housework, but with one of the following2.(suggestion), you really can get your children to help at home.
If you give your children the impression that they can never do3.quite right, then they will regard themselves as unfit or unable person.4.children believe they can succeed, they will never become totally independent.
My daughter Carla's fifth grade's teacher5.(make) every child in her class feel special. When students received less than a perfect test score, she would point out6.they had mastered and declared firmly they could learn what they 7.(miss).
You can use the same technique when you evaluate your child's work at home. Don't always scold and you should give lots of praise 8. (48). Talk about what he has done right, not about what he hasn't done. If your child completes a difficult task, promise him a Sunday trip or a ball game. 9.(learn) is a process of trying and failing and trying, and succeeding. If you teach your children not to fear a mistake or failure, they will learn10.(fast) and achieve success at last.
高一英语短文填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Animal’s ability to act reasonably in its environment is believed to come partly from ______ we may call “genetic learning”.
A.how B.which C.what D.why
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about attack from other animals. This sometimes happens to humans, too. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have found that it makes them happy.
From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people. Often, we try every way to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. But when we stop pretending we’re strong, people around us will show their kindness.
Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I suddenly felt sick and drove very slowly. People behind me began to speed, horn(鸣喇叭) or even shout at me. At the moment I decided to do something. I put on the car flashlight.
No more angry shouts and no more horns! I knew when I put on my flashlights, I was saying to other drivers, “I have a problem here. I have already done my best.” Several times, I saw drivers who wanted to pass. They could not get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the drivers in front of them was in some way weak.
Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’t feel that way. But those seldom happen. More often, it would be better if we don’t pretend we feel strong when we actually feel weak.
1.How do people feel when they offer their help?(No more than 3 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
2.What reactions(反应) did other drivers have when the author drove very slowly?(No more than 5 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
3.Why did other drivers behave differently when the author put on the car flashlights?(No more than 8 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
4.What did the author advise us to do at last? (No more than 9 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
The ninth week of SEAL (Sea, Air, Land) training is referred to (意指) as Hell Week. It is six days of no sleep, physical and mental suffering and one special day at the Mud Flats (泥沼) where you will sink into the mud.
It is on Wednesday of Hell Week that we came down to the mud flats and spend the next 15 hours keeping alive in the freezing-cold mud, the cold wind and the strong pressure from the instructors to give up.
As the sun began to set that Wednesday evening, my training class, having broken some of the rules, was ordered into the mud. We sank into the mud until only our heads could be seen. The instructors told us we could leave the mud if only five men would give up — just five men and we could get out of the cold.
Looking around the mud flat, it was clear that some of us were about to give up. It was still over eight hours till the sun came up—eight more hours of coldness. Our cries were so loud that it was hard to hear anything. And then, one voice began to fly through the night—one voice raised in song.
The song sounded terrible, but it was sung with great power. One voice became two, and two became three, and before long everyone in the class was singing.
We knew that if one man could rise above the suffering then others could as well. The instructors warned us of more time in the mud if we kept up the singing—but the singing went on and on. And somehow, the mud seemed a little warmer, the wind a little weaker and the morning not so far away.
If I have learned anything in my time traveling the world, it is the power of hope. The power can change the world by giving people hope.
So, if you want to change the world, start singing when you’re up to your neck in mud.
1.What did the writer experience during Hell Week?
A. He suffered sleeplessness for one day. B. He was physically and mentally crazy.
C. He went through some hard tests. D. He sank into the mud for the week.
2.Why did the class have the experience at the Mud Flat?
A. Because they wanted to break the rules. B. Because the weather was terribly bad.
C. Because it was one of the training courses. D. Because the instructors were strict with them.
3.What did the class do when they were in the mud?
A. Five of them gave up. B. They cried all the time.
C. Someone sang from the beginning. D. Everybody joined in the singing.
4.What is probably the author’s job?
A. A terrorist. B. A soldier. C. An instructor. D. A trainer.
5.What does the writer want to tell us?
A. Singing helps change the world. B. Singing solves problems in life.
C. People should help each other. D. Hope helps pull through difficulties.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Unlike modern animal scientists, dinosaur scientists cannot sit on a hillside and use telescopes to watch dinosaurs in order to know how they lived and whether they were good parents. Instead, they have to search hard for information from dinosaurs’ fossils (恐龙化石) because dinosaurs died out millions of years ago.
It’s very difficult for the scientists to reach an agreement because different results can be got from the same fossils. Many fossils of the same kind of dinosaurs have been dug out from one place. They might have formed when an entire group of dinosaurs got stuck (陷入) all at once, or they might have been the result of dinosaurs getting stuck one after another over a course of a few centuries. Thus we can say that dinosaurs might have in the first case lived in big groups and in the second lived alone.
Though there are two different results, dinosaur scientists now generally agree that at least some kinds of dinosaurs lived in big groups. “That’s pretty much settled at this point,” says Paul Sereno. A kind of dinosaurs called Sauropods left behind tracks in the western United States that appear to run north and south, suggesting that they even moved long distances together.
As to whether dinosaurs cared for their young, dinosaur scientists have turned to the closest living relatives of dinosaurs-birds and crocodiles-for possible models. Birds give a lot of care to their young, while crocodiles just help their young to the water. The discovered fossils of dinosaurs sitting on their eggs and staying with their young suggest the parents were taking care of their babies, but we still cannot say that all dinosaurs did the same.
There is still a long way to go before the above questions could be answered. Dinosaur scientists, will have to find more proof to reach an agreement.
1.Dinosaur scientists can get information directly by .
A. studying dinosaur fossils
B. examining modern animals
C. watching dinosaurs
D. using telescopes
2.What is pretty much settled according to Paul Sereno?
A. Half of the dinosaurs lived alone.
B. Most dinosaurs moved long distances.
C. Many dinosaurs settled in the north.
D. Some dinosaurs lived in big groups.
3.Dinosaur scientists can probably know whether dinosaurs were good parents by .
A. watching many kinds of animals
B. studying dinosaurs’ living relatives
C. following the tracks left behind
D. working on dug-out dinosaur eggs
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the 4th paragraph?
A. Birds hardly pay attention to their young.
B. Baby crocodiles can look after themselves well.
C. Some dinosaurs took care of their young.
D. Birds and crocodiles take good care of their young.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Animal experts in Croatia say a bear has learned how to trick people to let him in by knocking at the door.
They believe the 220- kilogram brown bear probably learned the trick while nudging (轻推) a door to get it to open.
Experts have a guess that the nudging was mistaken by the owners for knocking and that the bear, pleased by the result, repeated the trick.
The Loknar family from Gerovo in western Croatia said the bear had knocked at their door three times and they were now refusing to answer the door.
‘‘We jumped out of the window as he came in through the door and went into the kitchen to take some food for the first time.” Mum Nevenka Loknar told a reporter from a local newspaper. “I opened the door and saw him standing there and I didn’t believe my eyes at first, then I ran for it as he walked in as if it was the most normal- thing in the world.”
Bears are a common thing in the woods around here, but no one has ever heard of a bear that knocks at the door.
Mum Nevenka Loknar said, “The bear is so intelligent. It’s incredible. We’ve tried to put up lots of obstacles to stop him coming in, like a wire fence but he still gets through. I wouldn’t be surprised if he knew how to use wire cutters.”
1.According to experts in Croatia, how did the bear learn the trick?
A.By knocking at the door several times. B.By accident.
C.By learning from the owner of a family. D.By imitation.
2.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refers to?
A.Eating at the kitchen. B.Knocking at the door.
C.Walking into the house. D.Answering the door.
3.It is ________ in Gerovo that a bear knocks at the door.
A.unusual B.a troubling problem C.common D.an exciting experience
4.Mum Nevenka Loknar was surprised that the bear ________.
A.didn’t attack her family
B.knew how to use wire cutters
C.jumped across her wire fence three times
D.was clever at getting through the obstacles
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The African elephant,the largest land animal remaining on earth ,is of great importance to African ecosystem(生态系统).Unlike other animals,the African elephant is to a great degree the builder of its environment.As a big plant-eater,it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原)surroundings in which it lives,therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(栖息地).
It is the elephant's great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat.In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day,it kills small trees and underbushes,and pulls branches off big trees.This results in many open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas.In these open spaces are many plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.
Take the rain forests for example.In their natural state,the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor.By pulling down trees and eating plants,elephants make open spaces,allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor.In such situations,the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species.If the elephant disappears,scientists say,many other animals will also disappear from large areas of forest and savanna,greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A. Disappearance of African elephants.
B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C. The effect of African elephants' search for food.
D. The eating habit of African elephants.
2.What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?
A. Fixing the time. B. Worsening the state.
C. Improving the quality. D. Deciding the conditions.
3.What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?
A. They result from the destruction of rain forests.
B. They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C. They are home to many endangered animals.
D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.
4. The passage is developed mainly by________..
A. showing the effect and then explaining the causes
B. pointing out similarities and differences
C. describing the changes in space order
D. giving examples
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析