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Glaucoma（青光眼）is a major cause of blindness around the world, especially in developing countries. The World Health Organization says glaucoma is a greater public health challenge than cataracts（白内障）, because the blindness caused by the latter can be cured after operations.
Glaucoma is a disease that makes people around the world lose their sight, and they usually don’t even know they have the disease until it has permanently destroyed at least 40 percent of their sight. The process is usually so painless and subtle（不明显的）, so people don't notice it. Actually, the simplest medical test can discover it.
“It is the leading cause of blindness in the United States. In Hispanics and in African-Americans, it’s the second leading cause of blindness and so is the case in the Chinese and Indians.” said Dr. Alan Robin, a specialist in treating glaucoma. “The glaucoma we see in sub-Saharan Africa is a much more aggressive blinding disease than the glaucoma we see in Americans or even African- Americans in-the United States.” he said． ．
Dr. Eric Fleischer also sees these differences at Medstar Washington Hospital Center. “Pretty much anybody who has ancestors in Africa has an increased chance of developing glaucoma.” Age is another thing that may lead to glaucoma, although people of all ages can get it.
Glaucoma is a group of diseases that commonly produce pressure in the eye. An eye is sort of like a watch. And behind the face of the watch, liquid is made. It goes through your pupil（瞳孔）and into the front of the watch between the face and the crystal．There's an area around the edge of the watch that drains（使排出）the liquid. When that drain is blocked, the liquid can't leave the eye as fast as it is produced. The rising pressure within the eye damages and eventually kills the optic（视觉的） nerve. The result is blindness.
Fortunately, if caught early, glaucoma can be controlled. Glaucoma is not curable. But as researchers worldwide lean more about it, they grow more hopeful that glaucoma can one day be cured or even prevented.
1.In which country is glaucoma the biggest danger to people’s sight?
A．In China B．In India C．In the USA D．In Japan
2.What do the underlined words “these differences”（in Para 4 ）refer to?
A．The differences in regions（地区） B．The cultural differences
C．The differences in age D．The physical differences
3.From the passage, we can learn that, ________.
A．It is hard for medical tests to discover glaucoma
B．People in developed countries hardly develop glaucoma
C．Glaucoma only causes blindness among old people
D．The research on glaucoma is still going on worldwide
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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After a terrible electrical accident，which caused him to become both blind and deaf，the whole world became completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years. The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life. His family，especially his wife，did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.
One hot summer afternoon，he was taking a walk with a stick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once. He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet，but he was struck by the lightning. Witnesses thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the tree. He was trembling badly，but when he opened his eyes，he could hardly believe what he saw——a plough and a wall. When Mrs Edwards came running up to him，shouting to their neighbors to call for help，he could see her and hear her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.
The news of Robert regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread，and many doctors came to examine him. Most of them said that he regained his sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning. However，none of them could give a convincing answer as to why this should have happened. The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that，since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of sudden shock，perhaps，the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.
1.The reason for Robert's attempts to kill himself was that________.
A．a terrible traffic accident happened to him
B．he had to live in a dark and silent world
C．he was struck by the lightning once more
D．nobody in the world cared about him
2.What was Robert doing when he was struck by the lightning?
A．Sheltering for the rain under a tree.
B．Driving a car.
C．Taking a walk with a stick.
D．Lying on the ground.
3.What did Robert see first when he regained his sight after the shock?
A．His wife. B．His neighbours. C．A plough and a wall. D．Many doctors.
4.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．Robert had been deaf and blind for nearly ten years.
B．Robert hid himself under the tree for 20 minutes.
C．Robert could hear his wife's shouting for help when he woke up.
D．The family's love helped Robert regain confidence to live.
5.We can infer from the text that________.
A．there was no accurate explanation for Robert's recovery
B．many doctors came because Robert was badly injured
C．Robert's wife sent for doctors immediately after the shock
D．a sudden injury in the head led to Robert's recovery
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Smoking is one of the ________causes of cancer，killing millions of people each year.
A．major
B．similar
C．commercial
D．chemical
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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War or natural disasters often destroy or cause major damage to sanitary systems. The destruction of waste treatment systems can increase the risk of disease and even death among survivors.
Some people dig holes in the ground that serve as individual toilets. However, micro-organisms from human wastes can reach water supplies and cause cholera or other diseases.
A United Nations team is now developing a toilet for disaster areas. The experimental project is called eSOS—for the Emergency Sanitation Operation System. The system is lightweight and operates on sunlight power.
Scientists are working on the toilet at the UN’s Institute for Water Education in the Netherlands. Damir Brdjanovic is heading the project. He says his team hopes to bring disaster assistance into the 21st century.
The eSOS system has several ‘smart’ features, such as a self-contained energy supply unit. Another is a global positioning system sensor, very much like the GPS equipment in some vehicles. There is also equipment that measures waste buildup. All of the information from the toilet system can be shared with an emergency organization center. Officials at the center can then identify the needs of an affected disaster area. The eSOS system can also recycle liquid wastes into water that can be used for farming. This involves treating the urine(尿液)with the help of a membrane bioreactor system(膜生物反应器系统).
The smart toilet is being tested. Damir Brdjanovic and his team plan to test the toilet at a refugee camp in the Philippines later this year. The developers hope this disaster relief will save the lives of many refugees.
1.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Toilet for Our Future Life
B. Machine to Recycle Human Wastese
C. New Technology to Reduce the Risk of Disease
D. SOS—the Emergency Sanitation Operation System
2.Which of the following is NOT true about eSOS?
A. It weighs light.
B. It serves as individual toilet for disaster survivors.
C. It doesn’t need any power.
D. It is equipped with a global positioning system sensor.
3.What can we infer from this passage?
A. eSOS can prevent any risk of disease.
B. eSOS will be put into use in the near future.
C. Damir Brdjanovic holds a negative attitude to eSOS.
D. The eSOS system can recycle liquid wastes into drinkable water.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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About 85％of the Australian population of 20million________in the six major cities around the coast nowadays
A．has lived B．live C．1ivcd D．1iving
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the world's population will be living in the cities ______ in the country.
A. other than B. more than
C. better than D. rather than
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Many of the world’s pollution problems have been caused by the crowding of large groups of people into the cities. Supply for the needs of the people leads to further pollution by industry. If the rapid increase of world population in countries continues at the present rate, there may be much greater harm to human beings. Some scientists speak of the increase in numbers of people as “population pollution.”
About 2,000 years ago, the world population was probably about 250 million. It reached a billion in 1850. By 1930 the population was two billion. It is now three and a half billion. It is expected to double by the year 2,000. If the population continues to grow at the same rate, there will be 25 billion in the world a hundred years from now.
Man has been using the earth’s resources more and more rapidly over the past years. Some of them are almost used up. Now many people believe that man’s greatest problem is how to control the growth of the population. The material supplies in the world will be far from enough to support the human population, in time to come, if the present rate of increase continues. Already there is overcrowding in many cities and starvation in some countries. Should man’s population keep on growing so rapidly as before? Many people believe that human survival in the future depends on the answer to this question.
59. The rapid increase in population is considered to be __________.
A. the increase of resources B. population pollution
C. the development of mankind D. the present rate
60. The world population will be _________ by the year 2,000.
A. 7 billion B. 250 million C. 25 billion D. 3.5 billion
61. If the present rate of increase continue, ________________.
A. the world is going to end
B. the earth won’t be able to support the growing population in the future
C. pollution has nothing to do with the rapidly increasing population
D. there would be four billion in the world a hundred years from now
62. Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?
A. In 1850 the world population reached a billion.
B. Man must fight a battle against population pollution.
C. The world’s population is increasing with years.
D. All of the earth’s resources are gone now.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
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Two-thirds of the world’s major rivers have now been disrupted (中断) with more than 50,000 dams in an attempt to stole water and provide power. In the US, there are more than 85,000 dams, disrupting large and small rives and in most cases transforming natural flow. The most famous of these, the Hoover Dam constructed in the 1930’s, is mainly responsible for the fact that the Colorado River no longer reaches the ocean.
Dams besides all their attractive benefits also have negative impacts. Creating a reservoir means a large area must be flooded. Communities may lose their land, houses and cultural relics. Downstream (在下游方向) of a dam, the flow may be reduced so that farmers cannot irrigate (灌溉) their field.
Environmentally the new reservoir can be a paradise for wildlife especially birds. However it can cause greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and poison the water for fish. Also the dramatic rise and fall of water levels during dam releases is too extreme for plains and animals to cope with resulting in dead zones around the shores of reservoirs. Fish that lay their eggs in the sha Mows for example may find a few hours later that those sites are high and dry.
Dams don’t just block water flow. The flow may be reduced so that farmers will have great trouble getting water for their fields. They also prevent fish migrations and are a barrier to sediment (沉淀物) flows. Instead of rushing downriver sediments get backed up against the dam wall, which cause the reservoir level to increase over time. However, sediments which are rich in nutrients have become a problem. The fertility (富饶) of the entire system can be influenced with soils lost during seasonal rains not being replaced.
Perhaps the biggest problem can be seen in deltas (三角洲) often host to large cities, which are sinking into the oceans. Groundwater is being extracted to feed the city causing the urban weight to sink and sediments washed away by the ocean are no longer being replaced. The result is that sea level rise in cities from Shanghai to Alexandria.
1.What effects does creating a reservoir have on people’s life?
a. People will see fewer birds near the rivers.
b. Farmers below the dam may have less water to irrigate their field.
c. Visitors can’t see some cultural relics anymore.
d. More conflicts and wars over water will break out.
e. All kinds of fish will become extinct in the future.
A.b c B.c e
C.b e D.a c
2.With many dams built across rivers fish will______________.
A.find more places to lay their eggs B.feed on more sediment rich in nutrient
C.face a more dangerous living habitat D.find it easier to deal with the rise of water
3.How can dams influence the cities like Shanghai?
A.Its entire system will be influenced. B.It will lie below sea level in the future.
C.The rainy season will last longer. D.Rich soils will be washed away.
4.What does the text mainly talk about?
A.Environmental benefits of dams. B.Cultural loss dam.
C.Economical gain of dams. D.Environmental loss of dams.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Heart disease is one of the major killers in the world today. Many who suffer from it must have heart transplants (移植). However, it’s difficult to get a suitable heart donation, and even if a patient survives the wait, his or her body often rejects (排斥) the heart.
But there is now new hope for sufferers of heart disease. According to a study published in the journal Advanced Science, researchers from Israel’s Tel Aviv University printed a 3D human heart on April 15.
“This is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart,” professor Tal Dvir told CNN.
Unlike the previous 3D-printed heart structure, the new heart is complete with cells, blood vessels (血管), chambers (心室) and other structures a heart needs to function normally. But scientists still have more to figure out before the 3D-printed heart can be fitted into the body. For one thing, the experimental heart is only the size of a thumb (拇指). And, although it can contract (收缩) like a muscle, it cannot pump out blood like a real one. At present, the heart prototype (样品) is like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.
However, the development is still regarded as a major breakthrough in medicine.
In the experiment, the researchers turned human fat tissue (脂肪组织) into human heart tissue with stem cell (干细胞) technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for a 3D printer to ensure that tissue in the heart came from the patients themselves. So ideally, if it were to be placed in the body of someone in need of a transplant, there would be less risk of organ rejection.
“Patients will no longer have to wait for transplants or take medications to prevent their rejection,” researchers told USA Today. “Instead, the needed heart will be printed, fully personalized (个性化的) for every patient.”
But the scientists think that 3D printing can be used to create other human organs. They foresee a time when the 3D printing of organs will be an everyday medical practice.
“Maybe, in 10 years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and these procedures will be conducted routinely,” Dvir said.
1.Why is the 3D-printed heart important?
A.It will be used on a patient.
B.It is the first 3D-printed heart.
C.It will replace a heart donation.
D.It has a complete heart structure.
2.What problem do 3D-printed hearts have?
A.They cost too much. B.They are too small.
C.They can’t contract. D.They are hard to produce.
3.Why would there be less risk of organ rejection with the 3D-printed heart?
A.It would be made with stem cell technology.
B.It would be made from human fat tissue.
C.It would come from a patient’s body.
D.It would be printed according to the patient’s condition.
4.What attitude does Tal Dvir hold toward the future of 3D printing of organs?
A.Confident. B.Doubtful.
C.Worried. D.Confused.
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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There are a lot of people who are overweight all over the world. What causes obesity? If you get the gene(基因), well, probably you are going to be a few more pounds heavier compared to the rest of your classmates or friends. 1. Obesity can not only make a person look heavy, and not in the usual sense of being handsome, but can also lead to serious health conditions and life-threatening diseases.
2. Indeed, junk food has been blamed for the prevalence(流行）of obesity. It is called junk food, because hamburger, pizza and the like contain high calories. If you eat a Big Mac (a super hamburger), an order of large fries, and a large Coke, you will need to walk non-stop for six hours to burn off the calories you have gained. And don’t be fooled by soft drinks, which are high in sugar and are a major cause of obesity.
3. Popular sugary drinks, of course, include Coca Cola, Pepsi(百事) Cola, and many new brands that appear on the market every couple of days.
4. Just one 20-ounce (about 567g) bottle of soda can have 250 calories, which are equal to more than 16 teaspoons of added sugars. Even a lemon-flavored iced tea can have 210 calories.
5. Next time, when you are ready to eat that huge Mac and to drink that two-liter bottle of Pepsi, probably it’s a good idea to give it a second thought.
A. Obesity is more common in women than men.
B. Most people don’t realize how easy it is to gain weight from drink sugar-sweetened beverages(饮料)
C. When we talk about obesity, the first thought that comes to mind is: junk food.
D. The unburnt calories will put weight on you.
E. Keeping healthy is our own responsibility.
F. Because of their high content of sugar, soft drinks are also called sugary drinks.
G. However, the most common cause of obesity is eating too much, especially too much junk food.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析