Tu Youyou together with William Campbell and ...

Tu Youyou together with William Campbell and Satoshi Omura won the 2015 Nobel Prize for their work against parasitic diseases. Irish-born Campbell and Japanese Omura won half of the prize for discovering a new drug, avermectin, that has helped the battle against river blindness and lymphatic filariasis, as well as showing effectiveness against other parasitic diseases. The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou, an 85-year-old female scientist, was awarded the other half of the prize for the discovery of artemisinin(青篙素), a drug cure for malaria(疟疾) that has saved millions of lives all over the world, especially in the developing world.

When the news broke that Tu won the Nobel Prize, there were cheers as well as doubts. It also has highlighted differences in prize-awarding practices between China and the West. Some said the achievement was the result of collective efforts by lots of Chinese scientists, so it was unfair to award the prize only to Tu. Indeed, Chinese science awards are mainly presented to projects, instead of individual scientists. But Western awards tend to honor individual scientists who are the first to come up with a new idea or method. Li Zhenzhen, a researcher of the China Academy of Sciences said that the West believes that the advancement of science comes from individuals’ creative minds.

In 1969, Tu started to hold a government project aimed at eliminating malaria. Tu and her teammates experimented with 380 extracts in 2,000 candidate recipes before they finally succeeded in getting the pure substance qinghaosu, later known as artemisinin. In 2011, Tu was awarded the Lasker Debakey Clinical Medical Research Award, commonly referred to as “America’s Nobel Prize”. (278 words)

1.Why Tu Youyou could be awarded the Nobel Prize for ?

A. Because she discovered the avermectin, a drug cure for malaria

B. Because she contributed to the traditional Chinese medicine

C. Because she discovered the artemisinin which shows effectiveness against other parasitic diseases

D. Because she has saved millions of lives for the discovery of artemisinin.

2.What is the difference in prize-awarding practices between China and the West?

A. Chinese science awards are mainly presented to individual scientists, instead of projects

B. Chinese believes that the advancement of science comes from individuals’ creative minds

C. Western awards tend to honor individual scientists who are the first to come up with a new idea or method

D. Western awards are presented to both individual scientists and projects

3.How old was Tu Youyou when she was awarded the “America’s Nobel Prize”.

A. 85　　　　　 B. 81　　　　　　　　 C. 46　　　　　 D. 39

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A. Why Tu Youyou could be awarded the 2015 Nobel prize

B. Why Tu received the “America’s Nobel Prize”.

C. Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel Prize for the discovery of artemisinin

D. The difference in prize-awarding practices between China and the West

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Tu Youyou was honored with the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on Oct. 5th, 2015. She was the first Chinese citizen 1.(earn) a Nobel Prize in science. Tu shared the prize with the Irish-born William Campbell and Satoshi Omura of Japan.

Tu is a researcher at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences now. She was given the prize 2. developing artemisinin（青蒿素）--- 3. new drug method against malaria, with 4. millions of lives worldwide have been saved 5.(incredible).

Tu and her colleagues joined a government project to find a new malaria drug in the late 1960s. 6. nearly two hundred failures Tu's team experienced, they finally found an extract（提取物） that was 100% effective against malaria in 1971. In 2001, artemisinin 7.(make) the first choice in the treatment of malaria by the World Health Organization.

It was considered by some foreign scientists that 8. Tu discovered would definitely bring great reputation for herself. However, Tu said, "The discovery of artemisinin itself is a gift to human from traditional Chinese medicine. It's the 9.(achieve) of the research team. " As China Daily has reported, 10.(win) the prize is an honour for Chinese science and medicine.

高一英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Tu Youyou, born in December, 1930, is a Chinese scientist and educator. She is best known for discovering artemisinin (青蒿素) used to treat malaria (疟疾), which has saved millions of lives. For her work, Tu received the 2015 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

Scientists worldwide had tried over 240, 000 medicines to treat malaria without success. In 1969, Tu Youyou, then 39 years old, decided to turn to traditional Chinese herbs(草药) for possible solutions. She looked into the Chinese medical classics in history, visiting traditional Chinese doctors all over the country on her own. She gathered her findings in a notebook, in which she recorded 640 methods of treating malaria. She and her team also experimented with over 2, 000 traditional Chinese herbs.

During this time, her husband was forced to work in the countryside, and their young daughter had to take care of herself in Beijing.

Years of research all came down to one type of herb named qinghao. The animal tests showed it was completely effective in mice and monkeys, So Tu volunteered to be the first human subject. “As head of this research group, I had the responsibility’ she said. It was safe with, her; so she continued to try it out with more human patients.

In 2007, her office was in an old apartment building in Beijing. Before 2011, Tu Youyou had been described as “almost completely forgotten by people1”, Yet in 2015, the Nobel Prize committee said her discoveries had given the world powerful new ways to fight a powerful disease which affected hundreds of millions of people every year. In terms of improving human health and reducing suffering, Mrs. Tu’s contribution is beyond words.

1.How did Tu Youyou find qinghao as a treatment?

A. By testing it on children.　　 B. By researching for years.

C. By reading foreign books.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. By asking malaria patients.

2.What does the underlined word “effective” mean in Paragraph 4?

A. Successful.　　 B. Useless.　　 C. Unclear.　　 D. Normal

3.What can we infer from the last paragraph about Mrs. Tu?

A. She couldn’t afford an apartment in Beijing.

B. She didn’t want her findings to be known.

C. She didn’t care much, for fame while researching.

D. She wasn’t able to describe her findings dearly

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female scientist, became the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct 5. Before that, she ever won the 2011 Lasker Award for finding out artemisinin (Qinghaosu), which saved millions of lives. She was thankful for the Lasker prize, but said, “It is just a scientist’ duty. I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”

Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s. In that age, Malaria could took away people’s health. Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240 000 times but failed. Tu Youyou, a member of the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, began to study Chinese herbs.

Before 2011, people didn’t know Tu very much. Many friends played jokes with her “the Professor of Three None's” : no degree, no study experience abroad, not a member of any Chinese national colleges. But she is hard-working. She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of researches on the disease.

In February, 2012, Tu was named National Outstanding Females (One of the Ten) Tu is now a model of Chinese medical workers.

1.Artemisinin is used to ________.

A. make medicine　　　 B. make food

C. get award　　　　　　 D. do the experiment

2. In the 1960s and 1970s ____ could find ways to stop the Malaria.

A. Scientists in China　　

B. no scientist

C. Scientists all over the world　　

D. only Tu Youyou　

3.Tu Youyou became very famous ____________.

A. in the 1960s　　　　 B. in 1970

C. before 2011　　　　　 D. after 2012

4.From Tu Youyou’s story, we know that she is a ___________ woman.　

A. friendly　　　　 　　　　　　　　 B. kind

C. clever　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. hard-working

5.The underlined word in paragraph2 probably means a kind of _____

A. herb　　　　　　　 B. medicine

C. disease　　　　 D. virus

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old female（女性）scientist, became the first Chinese to win a Nobel Prize in science on Oct 5. Before that, she ever won the 2011 Lasker Award for finding out artemisinin (Qinghaosu), which saved millions of lives. She was grateful（感激的）for the Lasker prize, but said, “It is just a scientist’ duty. I will go on fighting for the health of all humans.”

Tu kept her work in the 1960s and 1970s. In that age, Malaria (疟疾) could took away people’s health. Scientists all over the world had already tried over 240, 000 times but failed. Tu Youyou, a member of the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, began to study Chinese herbs.

Before 2011, people didn’t know Tu very much. Many friends played jokes with her “the Professor of Three None's” : no degree（学位）, no study experience abroad, not a member of any Chinese national colleges. But she is hard-working. She read a lot of traditional Chinese medicine books and did a lot of researches on the disease.

In February, 2012, Tu was named National Outstanding Females (One of the Ten) Tu is now a model of Chinese medical workers.

1.Artemisinin is used to ________.

A. make medicine                        B. make food

C. get award                            D. do the experiment

2.In the 1960s and 1970s ________ could find ways to stop the Malaria.

A. Scientists in China 　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. only Tu Youyou

C. Scientists all over the world　 　　　 　　 D. no scientist

3.Tu Youyou became very famous ____________.

A. in the 1960s                                B. in 1970

C. before 2011                                D. after 2012

4.From Tu Youyou’s story, we know that she is a ___________ woman.

A. friendly            B. kind                C. clever            D. hard-working

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

单词拼写

1.Tu Youyou, a Chinese woman scientist, was _______(授予) the Nobel Prize in Medicine for her discovery.

2.The ____________(起源) of this custom sounds very funny.

3.Roast duck in his restaurant is quite popular with c_______, for it is very delicious.

4.Natural resources on the earth are very l　　 , so we should make good use of them and protect them.

5. Henry Adams was _______ (漫步) down the pavement in London when a servant invited him to a big house.

6.I was caught in the traffic jam after work. As a result, I missed the first two ______(场) of the play.

7.We didn’t win the game this time and we all think it was Bill’s ____________(过错).

8.Only after we answered the guard’s questions were we p_______to enter the building.

9.To their surprise, the medicine produced a ____________(猛烈的) reaction.

10.Our school bus c_______into a tree yesterday and luckily none was seriously injured.

高一英语单词拼写中等难度题查看答案及解析

It’s her ________ of time to medical research that helped Tu Youyou win the Nobel Prize.

A.supply B.respect C.devotion D.arrangement

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867---1934.

Together with her husband, Pierre, she discovered two new elements (radium and polonium) and studied the x-rays. She found that the harmful properties of x-rays were able to kill tumors(肿瘤). By the end of World WarⅠ, Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world. She had made a conscious decision, however, not to patent（申请专利）methods of processing radium or its medical applications.

Marie Curie was born on November 7, 1867, in Poland and died on July 4, 1934.

Her co-discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901with the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1911, Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize, this time in Chemistry, to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium’s atomic weight.

As a child, Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory. She learned to read when she was only four years old. Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie. She dreamed of becoming a scientist, but that would not be easy. Her family became very poor, and at the age of 18, Marie became a governess(家庭教师). In 1891, Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie, a well-known physicist.

Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x-rays. She received two Noble Prizes for her brilliant work, but died of leukemia, caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive material.

1.What does the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A. To give us a general introduction of Marie Curie.

B. To show us how Madame Curie discovered radium.

C. To tell us how Madame Curie received the Noble Prize.

D. To let us know something about Madame Curie’s childhood.

2.In this passage the underlined word “isolating” probably means________.

A. discovering      B. inventing      C. separating     D. comparing

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Marie Curie could learn things by heart very easily as a child.

B. Marie Curie had a great ambition when she was young.

C. Marie Curie found it hard for her to receive high education.

D. Marie Curie received two Noble Prizes in physics.

4.Which is the right order of happenings in this passage?

a. married Pierre Curie            b. attended University

c. discovered radium             d. determined radium’s atomic weight

e. won the Noble Prize in physics

A. b, c, a, d, e                           B. b, a, c, d, e

C. b, a, c, e, d                           D. b, c, a, e, d

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Some people surveyed tasted the sweet, salty, and crunchy together with other tastes of food as they listen to different noises. It shows that louder noises reduced the reported sweetness or saltiness of food while increasing the measure of crunchiness(松脆).

It may go some way to explain why airline food is widely complained about by both the workers and passengers. Andy Woods, a researcher, said, “It’s a general opinion that plane foods aren’t fantastic, but I’m sure airlines do their best, so we wondered if there were other reasons. One thought was that perhaps the background noise may have an effect. NASA gives their space explorers very strong-tasting foods, because for some reason, they can’t taste food that strongly—again, it may have something to do with the background noise.”

In a study, 48 people were fed sweet foods or salty ones, while listening to nothing or noise through earphones. Meanwhile they rated(划分等级) the foods. In noisier settings, foods were rated less salty or sweet than they were when it was silent, but were rated crunchier. “The evidence shows that if the background noise is loud, your attention might be drawn to that, away from the food.” Dr. Woods said.

“We are still at an early stage of progressing and this is a rather small study to really draw definitive(最完整可靠的) conclusions from,” Dr Woods said, “but they suggest that restaurants could well adapt their choice of food for a given environment.”

Also in the group’s findings there is the suggestion that the overall satisfaction with the food is also related to the degree to which people like what they are hearing.

1.How does the food taste when it is eaten in a noisy environment?

A. Less salty but crunchier.            B. Sweeter and saltier.

C. Sweeter but less crunchy.            D. Less sweet and crunchy.

2.Why does NASA give their space explorers very strong-tasting foods?

A. Foods become less tasty in space.

B. The explorers lose their sense of taste in space.

C. Loud noises in space may weaken the explorers’ sense of taste.

D. The explorers need tastier foods to keep energetic in space.

3.We can infer from what Dr. Woods said in the 4th paragraph that ________.

A. the environment influences the food a restaurant sells

B. the researchers have made an effective conclusion

C. music will weaken people’s sense of taste while eating

D. listening to nothing while eating is the best choice

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A. The best dinner environment

B. How to change plane foods

C. Listening to music while eating

D. Background noise affects the taste of foods

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Some people surveyed tasted the sweet, salty and crunchy together with other tastes of food as they listen to different noises.It shows that louder noises reduced the reported sweetness or saltiness of food while incr eatasing the measure of crunchiness（松脆）.

It may go some way to explain Why airline food is widely complained about by both the workers and paddengers.Andy Woods,a researcher,said,“It's a general opinion that plane foods aren't fantastic,but I'm sure airlines do their best,so we wondered if there were other reasons,One thought was that perhaps the background noise may have an effect.NASA gives their space explorers very strong -tassting foods,because for some reason,they can't taste food that Strongly-^again, it may have something ti do with the background noise.”

In a studr ,48 people were fed sweet foods or salty ones, while listening tonoting or noise through earphone. Meanwhile they rated(划分等级) the foods. In noisier settings,foods were rated less or sweet than they were when it was silent,but were rated crunchier.“The evidence shows that if the background noise is loud,your food,

attention might be drawn to that, away from the food.” Dr. Woods said.

“We ae still at an early stage of progressing and this is a rather small　 study to really draw definitive(最完整可靠的）conclusions from,” Dr　　 Woods said,“but they suggest that restaurants could well their choice of food for a given environment.”

Also in the　 group's　 findings　 there is the　　 suggestion that the overall satisfaction with the food is also related to the degree to which people like what they are hearing .

1.How does the food taste when it is eaten m a noisy　 enviroment?

A. Less sallty but cronchier

B. Sweeter and saltier.

C. Sweeter but less crunchy.

D. Less sweet and crunchy.

2.Why does NASA give their space explorers very strong-tasting foods?

A. Foods become less tasty in space.

B. The explorers　 lose their sense of taste in space.

C. Loud noises in space may weaken The explorers' sense of taste.

D. the explorers need tastier foods to keep energetic　 in space.

3.what can we infer from what Dr. Woods said in the 4th paragraph?

A. The environment influences the food a restaurant sells,

B. The researchers have made an effective　 conclusion.

C. Music will weaken people's sense of taste while eating

D. Listening to nothing while　 eating is the test choice.

4.What would be the best title for the text ?

A. The best dinner environment

B. How to change p lane foods,

C. Listening to music while eating.

D. Backgrouned　 noise a fleets the taste of foods,

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析