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Because computer knowledge is important in our society today, many parents believe that the earlier their children begin to use the computer, the better. Accordingly, most children are spending a large amount of time on computers during their preschool years. But is it healthy for preschoolers to use computers? And if so, how can parents decide how much computer time is proper?

Some studies have shown that using computers from an early age has several advantages. Computer classes are given in most kindergartens and grade schools, so preschoolers who have already become familiar with the operation of the keyboard and mouse come out top in their studies. They may also have an advantage if they have the chance to play educational games, from which they can learn language and math.

The greatest benefits, though, are gained when preschoolers use computers side by side or when they work with adults. In these situations, preschoolers develop cooperative (合作的) problem-solving skills. They also have the chance to communicate with others, which will reinforce their overall learning.

In spite of many benefits, experts also point out disadvantages of preschool computer use.

Preschoolers’ muscles (肌肉) and bones are still developing, but computers and furniture, especially at home, are seldom set up properly for them. “Most parents,” says Peter Buckle of the Robens Centre for Health Ergonomics, “seem unaware of the possible dangers of preschoolers sitting for long periods unsupported, with necks and wrists (手腕) damaged.”

Another problem arises when parents put educational games into computers and believe it’s better for their preschoolers to play these games than sit in front of a TV. Educational expert and teacher Jane Healy disagrees. She doesn’t believe there is much difference between the two. “Simply watching a screen is not the same as real mental activity.” Healy says. She suggests that reading together, having family discussions, or playing are much more valuable. Besides, Healy also questions whether some popular computer games have educational value. “Some,” she says, “may even damage creativity, attention and motivation (动力) .”

To make the computer valuable for you and your preschoolers, you need to decide on rules and time limits. When purchasing software for your preschoolers, look for programs that offer many different functions, which can help improve preschoolers’ creativity and ability to solve problems. Above all, try your best to stay with your preschoolers rather than leaving them alone before the computer.

Here are some additional tips:

★Adjust (调整)the computer and furniture for your preschoolers’ use;

★Manage your preschoolers’ computer activities;

★Limit the amount of time your preschoolers spend on the computer.

1.We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _____.

A. computers are good for preschoolers’ learning

B. most preschoolers are familiar with computers

C. preschoolers shouldn’t use computers too early

D. preschoolers can learn to use computers easily

2.What does the underlined word “reinforce” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Protect.   B. Strengthen.

C. Continue.   D. Praise.

3.Peter Buckle most probably agrees that _____.

A. parents have realized the dangers of preschoolers’ using computers

B. using computers has many advantages for preschoolers

C. improper computer use can lead to health problems

D. preschoolers are developing too fast nowadays

4.According to Jane Healy, parents should _____.

A. forbid their preschoolers to watch TV

B. join in their preschoolers’ practical activities

C. encourage their preschoolers’ creativity

D. realize that educational computer games are valuable

5.The author advises parents to _____.

A. give their preschoolers enough time to play computer games

B. place the computer and furniture properly

C. purchase all kinds of computer programs

D. stay with their preschoolers when they are using computers

6.What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Preschoolers shouldn’t use computers.

B. Computers have their advantages and disadvantages.

C. Preschoolers have benefited a lot from using computers.

D. Parents should help their preschoolers use computers properly.

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