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Samuel de Champlain was a French explorer, navigator (航海家), and mapmaker. He explored much of eastern Canada and became known as the “Father of New France”.
Born into a family of sailors, Champlain, while still a young man, began exploring North America. In 1603, he sailed up the Saguenay River and the St. Lawrence River. From 1604 to 1607 Champlain joined in the exploration and settlement of the first permanent (永久的) European settlement north of Florida. Then, in 1608, he established the French settlement that is now Quebec City. He also made the first accurate (精确的) map of the Canadian coast.
Champlain spent most of the rest of his life going between France and Canada. His goals were to map North America and find a quicker way to get to the Pacific Ocean.
In 1629 Quebec was controlled by the English and Champlain was taken to England as a prisoner. When Canada was returned to France in 1633 Champlain returned to Canada as governor of Quebec and remained in Quebec until his death on Christmas Day in 1635.
Champlain was the first European to explore and describe the Great Lakes, and published maps of his journeys and reports of what he learned from the natives and the French living among the natives. Champlain was memorialized as the “Father of New France”, and many places and streets in North America use his name. The most famous of these is Lake Champlain, which lies between northern New York and Vermont.
1.Which is the correct order of the events about Champlain?
a. established the settlement in Canada
b. travelled up the St. Lawrence River
c. returned to Canada as governor of Quebec
d. was taken to England
A. b-a-c-d B. b-a-d-c
C. a-d-b-c D. a-b-d-c
2.We can learn from the text that Champlain _____.
A. was important to Canadian history
B. was famous for the lake named for him
C. was the first person to explore North America
D. was the first family member to work on a ship
3.The underlined word “memorialized” in the last paragraph probably means “_____”.
A. described B. chosen
C. remembered D. trusted
4.What's the best title for the text?
A. Exploration of North America
B. Origin of Lake Champlain
C. Foundation of Quebec
D. Father of New France
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Baron Pierre de Coubertin was a Frenchman. At his time sports were not taught in French schools. De Coubertin believed that sports should go hand in hand with studies. He had an idea. His idea was to begin the Olympics all over again.
Sports teachers of other countries liked De Coubertin ideas. So in 1896, the modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece. Since then the Olympics have been held once every four years, except three times, when there were wars.
The modern Olympic games have many foot races and field sports programs. The longest race in the games is called marathon.
Before the start of the Olympic Games, runners carry lighted torch( 火炬 ) through many nations towards the stadium where the games will be held. These sportsmen are from different countries. Yet they work together to carry the Olympic torch. It is passed from runner to runner, When the last runner enters the stadium, he or she places the torch in a special basin filled with oil. It catches fire. It is then, only then, that the Olympic Games can begin.
The Olympic flame burns throughout the games. It is the flame of peace.
1.Before 1896 French schools didn't teach ______.
A.match B.history
C.sports D.physics
2.Where were the first Olympic Games held?
A.In Athens,Greece B.In German
C.In French D.In Russia
3.According to this passage, the third modern Olympic Games should have been held in ______.
A.1896 B.1904
C.1915 D.1924
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Baron Pierre de Coubertin was a Frenchman. At his time sports were not taught in French schools. De Coubertin believed that sports should go hand in hand with studies. He had an idea. His idea was to begin the Olympics all over again.
Sports teachers of other countries liked de Coubertion’s ideas. So in 1896, the modern Olympic Games were held in Athens（雅典）, Greece. Since then the Olympics have been held once every four years, except three times, when there were wars.
Before the start of the Olympic Games, runners carry lighted torch（火炬）through many nations towards the stadium（运动场）where the games will be held. These sportsmen are from different countries. Yet they work together to carry the Olympic torch. It is passed from runner to runner. When the last runner enters the stadium, he or she places the torch in a special（专门的）basin filled with oil. It catches fire. It is then, only then, that the Olympic Games can begin.
The Olympic flame（火焰）burns throughout the games. It is the flame of peace.
1.Before 1896 French schools didn’t teach_____ .
A. maths B. history
C. sports D. physics
2.De Coubertin_______________.
A. was the first man to start the Olympic Games
B. helped start the modern Olympic Games
C. believed that sports were less important than studies
D. failed to begin the modern Olympic Games
3.According to this passage, the third modern Olympic Games should have been held in_________ .
A. 1915 B. 1924
C. 1896 D. 1904
4.“Marathon” in this passage is _______________.
A. a foot race B. a jumping contest（比赛）
C. field sports D. a boxing（拳击）match
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Baron Pierre de Coubertin was a Frenchman.At his time sports were not taught in French schools.De Coubertin believed that sports should go hand in hand with studies.He had an idea.His idea was to begin the Olympics all over again.
Sports teachers of other countries liked de Coubertion's ideas.So in 1896,the modern Olympic Games were held in Athens（雅典）,Greece.Since then the Olympics have been held once every four years,except three times,when there were wars.
The modern Olympic games have many foot races and field sports programs.The longest race in the games is called marathon.
Before the start of the Olympic Games,runners carry lighted torch（火炬）through many nations towards the stadium（运动场）where the games will be held.These sportsmen are from different countries.Yet they work together to carry the Olympic torch.It is passed from runner to runner.When the last runner enters the stadium,he or she places the torch in a special（专门的）basin filled with oil.It catches fire.It is then,only then,that the Olympic Games can begin.The Olympic flame（火焰）burns throughout the games.It is the flame of peace.
1.Before 1896 French schools didn't teach_____.
A. maths B. History
C. physics D. sports
2.De Coubertin_____.
A. was the first man to start the Olympic Games
B. believed that sports were less important than studies
C. helped start the modern Olympic Games
D. failed to begin the modern Olympic Games
3."Marathon" in this passage is_____.
A. a jumping contest（比赛） B. a foot race
C. field sports D. a boxing（拳击）match
4.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. After the start of the Olympics,the Olympic flame is put out.
B. The torch is carried from runner to runner through many countries.
C. Runners who carry the torch can be men or women.
D. The Olympic Games don't begin until the basin of oil catches fire.
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Samuel Clemens，______ Mark Twain, wrote many popular stories.
| A．was known as | B．known as |
| C．was known for | D．known for |
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Samuel Langhorne Clemens, more commonly 1. (know) as Mark Twain, was born on November 30, 1835 in Florida. Twain is considered 2. greatest author and humorist of the 19th-century American literature (文学).
In 1839 the Clemens family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, on the Mississippi River where he was brought 3.. Like many authors of his day he had little formal education. His education came from the print shops and newspaper offices 4. he worked as a youth. In 1853 Twain left Hannibal to travel. On a trip to New Orleans he persuaded a riverboat pilot 5. (teach) him his skill. By the spring of 1859 Twain was a licensed riverboat pilot.
After a(n) 6. (success) attempt at gold and silver mining he joined the staff of a newspaper in Virginia City, Nevada. He first wrote under the pen name Mark Twain in 1863.
He continued to travel as a reporter for various newspapers, and in 1869 his travel letters from Europe 7. (collect) into the popular book The Innocents Abroad. Between 1873 and 1889 he wrote seven novels 8. (include) his Mississippi River books.
9. Twain’s life and career progressed he lost much of the humorous style of his earlier years. What was expressed more and more in his later works was 10. human beings are selfish. Even so Twain is best remembered as a great humorist.
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“Mark Twain” was the name used by Samuel Langhorne Clemens (1835～1910) when he wrote books.His father was a lawyer，but a poor one，who lived in Florida，Missouri.The family was so poor that Samuel did not receive much teaching.He had to learn all that he could from the people whom he met.His father died when he was very young，and then there was even less money than before.
Many of the men in this part of America worked in the ships on the great Mississippi River，and he did this himself at one time (1857).
Where did he find the name “Mark Twain”？ It came from the great river itself.It was part of one of the cries used by men who worked in the ships.When a man called “By the mark twain！” he meant that the river was “two marks deep” there，that is to say，six feet deep ( “Twain” is an old form of the word “Two”.) Samuel Clemens often heard these words when he was young，and he used them as a pen name all his life.
During his work on the Mississippi he met travelers of all kinds，and this helped him a great deal when he started to write.But the number of travelers became smaller when war started in America in 1861.Many of the great ships on the river stopped work.Samuel left then and went to Nevada with his brother，who was at that time Governor of Nevada.There，near the town of Carson，Samuel became a gold miner，but he never made much money at the time.He soon saw that life in the gold mines was not for him.He also tried writing for the newspapers in Nevada，and this seemed more hopeful.He found that he could write.
He went to Europe in 1867 and visited France and Italy.In 1870 he married Olivia Langdon，and two years later he was spending nearly all his time writing.Among his books is his own story (1908).
He is now always known as Mark Twain，and many people do not even know that his family name was Clemens.He traveled in America and in England，and went to Oxford in 1907.He was one of the great American writers of the time，and could make his readers laugh—a thing which few writers can do.He died in 1910.
1.“Mark Twain” was ________.
A.a famous American writer
B.name of a book
C.a great river in America
D.a large ship
2.As a child，Samuel did not get much education because ________.
A.his father died too early
B.the family was very poor
C.he disliked school very much
D.he could learn what he liked from the people he met
3.What gave him a great deal when he started writing?
A.His poor childhood.
B.The Mississippi River.
C.All kinds of travelers he met.
D.His brother.
4.We can infer（推断）from the passage that ________.
A.Samuel loved writing from his early age
B.Samuel did not love writing at the beginning
C.his writings to the newspaper were successful
D.his brother encouraged him to write more
5.According to the writer of the passage，a good writer could ________.
A.write a lot for his readers
B.make a lot of money for his family
C.cause his readers to laugh
D.travel everywhere he wanted
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Samuel was _____ why few of his friends attended his birthday party.
A. spotted B. crashed C. puzzled D. limited
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Samuel Clemens, _____ Mark Twain, because a famous American writer.
A. was known as B. known as C. was known for D. known for
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Captain James Cook was a great explorer. Before he started exploring, maps of the Pacific Ocean were almost empty. He visited hundreds of islands across the Pacific Ocean and put them in the correct places on the map. He made maps of the coastlines of Australia and New Zealand. James Cook was born in England in 1728. His parents were poor farm workers. When James was 18, he found a job on a coastal ship. He worked on the ship until he was 27 years old, and then he joined the navy. He fought in Canada in a war against France, and he mapped some of the eastern coasts of Canada. In 1768 King George made him Captain of a ship and sent him to the Pacific. He was gone for nearly three years. When he returned, he was regarded as a national hero.
He started his third voyage in 1776. On this trip he visited Hawaii. He was the first European to set foot on this beautiful island. Then he mapped the western coast of North America. After that he returned to Hawaii. Unfortunately there was some trouble between the Hawaiians and the white men and they started fighting. In the end Captain was killed in a clash with the local.
1.He started exploring when _______.
A. he worked on a coastal ship
B. he was 18 years old
C. he was sent to the Pacific
D. he served in the navy
2.Which of the following is NOT true?
A. He made the first maps of the Pacific Ocean.
B. He went on three long important voyages in his life.
C. He was the first English man to reach Hawaii.
D. He was respected by his people.
3.He was considered a national hero because of _______.
A. his experience in Canada
B. his being the first European to visit Hawaii
C. his heroic death
D. his devotion to exploring on the Pacific Ocean
4. Captain Cook was killed in _______.
A. his return to England
B. a starting trip to Hawaii
C. exploring Canada
D. a fight with the local people