Self-driving vehicles(车辆) will rely on camera...

Self-driving vehicles(车辆) will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence (人工智能) to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research shows that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are still great.

The usages of vehicle-to-vehicle communication contain vehicles driving together in a row, as well as safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles. From as far as several hundred metres away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside units(RSUs) about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network. A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self-drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize and adapt according to information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviors. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of possible risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crowding ahead.

Further applications(应用) of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behavior.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles.

B. The research about how to use self-driving vehicles.

C. The reasons for developing communication between self-driving vehicles.

D. The importance of artificial intelligence of self-driving vehicles.

2.What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2?

A. change.　　 B. tell.　　 C. ignore.　　 D. warn.

3.What can we learn about roadside units (RSUs)?

A. They classify the vehicles on the road.

B. They serve as efficient information stations.

C. They take over the passing vehicles.

D. They can change bad road conditions.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. When do vehicles communicate?

B. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is coming

C. The reasons why a high level of AI is important

D. What do applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication need?

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Self-driving vehicles will rely on cameras, sensors and artificial intelligence （AI） to recognize and respond to road and traffic conditions, but sensing is the most effective for objects and movement in the neighborhood of the vehicle. Not everything important in a car’s environment will be caught by the vehicle’s camera. Another vehicle approaching at high speed on a collision (碰撞) track might not be visible until it’s too late. This is why vehicle-to-vehicle communication is undergoing rapid development. Our research show s that cars will need to be able to chat and cooperate on the road, although the technical challenges are considerable.

Applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication range from vehicles driving together in a row, to safety messages about nearby emergency vehicles. Vehicles could alert each other to avoid collisions or share notices about passers-by and bicycles.

From as far as several hundred meters away, vehicles could exchange messages with one another or receive information from roadside unit’s （RSUs） about nearby incidents or dangerous road conditions through 4G network.

A high level of AI seems required for such vehicles, not only to self -drive from A to B, but also to react intelligently to messages received. Vehicles will need to plan, reason, strategize and adapt in the light of information received in real time and to carry out cooperative behaviors. For example, a group of autonomous vehicles might avoid a route together because of potential risks, or a vehicle could decide to drop someone off earlier due to messages received, a foreseen crow ding ahead.

Further applications of vehicle-to-vehicle communication are still being researched, including how to perform cooperative behavior.

1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?

A. The reasons for the accidents by self-driving vehicles.

B. The research about applications for self-driving vehicles.

C. The importance of artificial intelligence of self -driving vehicles.

D. The reasons for developing communication between self -driving vehicles.

2.What does the underlined word “alert” mean in Paragraph 2?

A. Alarm.　　 B. Condemn.　　 C. Ignore.　　 D. Govern.

3.What can we learn about roadside units (RSUs)?

A. They classify the vehicles on the road.

B. They can improve bad road conditions.

C. They take over the passing vehicles.

D. They serve as efficient information stations.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A. When do vehicles communicate?

B. The reasons why a high level of AI is important.

C. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is coming.

D. What do applications for vehicle-to-vehicle communication need?

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

People are less willing to rely on their knowledge and say they know something when they have access (接近) to the Internet, suggesting that our connection to the web is affecting how we think.

Professor Evan Risko, of the Department of Psychology at the University of Waterloo, led a recent study where the team asked about 100 participants (参与者) a series of general-knowledge questions, such as naming the capital of France. For half of the study, participants had access to the Internet. They had to look up the answer when they responded that they did not know the answer. In the other half of the study, participants did not have access to the Internet.

The team found that the people who had access to the web were about 5 percent more likely to say that they did not know the answer to the question. Furthermore, in some cases, the people with access to the Internet reported feeling as though they knew less compared to the people without access.

“With the popularity of the Internet, we are almost frequently connected to large amounts of information. And when that data is within reach, people seem less likely to rely on their own knowledge,” said Professor Risko.

Studying the results, the researchers thought that access to the Internet might make it less acceptable to say you know something but are incorrect. It is also possible that participants were more likely to say they didn’t know an answer when they had access to the web because online searching offers an opportunity to confirm their answer, and the process of finding out the answer is rewarding.

“Our results suggest that access to the Internet affects the decisions we make about what we know and don’t know,” said Risko. “We hope this research helps us understand how easy access to large amounts of information can influence our thinking and behaviour.”

1.The study by Professor Risko shows that ________.

A. we are easily cheated by the web

B. the web is making our life harder

C. we are becoming dependent on the web

D. the web helps us make correct decisions

2.What do we know about the questions asked in the study?

A. They were funny.　　 B. They were simple.

C. They were personal.　　 D. They were difficult.

3.In the study, the participants with access to the web ________.

A. made more progress　　 B. showed less confidence

C. gave wrong answers　　 D. showed more optimism

4.What does the word “data” in paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Goal.　　 B. Dream.

C. Distance.　　 D. Information.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

You may ______ it that Jennifer will come and help us if we are in trouble.

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

You may___________he will come here to give us a hand.

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

With computers becoming more and more popular in China, Chinese people are increasingly relying on computer keyboards to input Chinese characters (汉字）. But if they use the computer too much, they may end up forgetting the exact strokes（笔画）of each Chinese character when writing on paper. Experts suggest people, especially students, write by hand more.

Do you write by hand more or type more? In Beijing, students start using a computer as early as primary school. And computer dependence is more wide-spread among university students. Almost all their writings are typed on a computer.

All the students interviewed say they usually use a computer.

It’s faster and easier to correct if using a computer. And that’s why computers are being used more and more often to modern education. But when people are taking stock in computers increasingly, problems appear.

“When I’m writing with a pen, I find I often can’t remember how to write a character, though I feel I’m familiar with it.”

“I’m not in the mood to write when faced with a pen and paper.”

Many students don’t feel this is something to worry about. Now that it’s more convenient and efficient to write on a computer, why bother to handwrite?

Many educators think differently. Shi Liwei, the headmaster of a famous primary school in the capital said “Chinese characters enjoy both practical and aesthetic(审美的) value. But those characters typed with computer keyboards only maintain their practical value. All the artistic beauty of the characters is lost. And handwriting contains the writer’s emotion. Through one’s handwriting, people can get to know one’s thinking and personality. Beautiful writing will give people a better first impression of them.”

To encourage students to handwrite more, many primary schools in Beijing have made writing classes compulsory(必修的)and in universities, some professors are asking students to turn in their homework and essays written by hand.

1.Which of the following can BEST serve as the title of the passage?

A. To Type or To Hand Write

B. The Importance of Handwriting and Typing

C. Writing By Computer Will Replace Writing By Hand

D. Practical and Aesthetic Value of Chinese Characters

2.The students interviewed prefer to write using a computer mainly because　　　　　 .

A. they can correct the mistakes they make quickly and conveniently

B. they are usually asked to e-mail their homework and essays

C. they find it not easy to remember how to write a character

D. computers have become a trend and fashion in China

3.The underlined expression “taking stock in” in the fourth paragraph probably means 　　　　　 .

A. getting bored with　　　　　　 　 B. getting dependent on

C. becoming upset about　　　　　　 D. looking forward to

4.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that 　　　　　 .

A. more and more students will give up writing on a computer

B. writing by hand will give way to typing by computer one day

C. more and more students will pay attention to handwriting

D. the typed article better expresses one’s emotion and quality

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

You may be relying more and more on your refrigerator. But you should know there are some things you’d better not put into your refrigerator.

♦1. Nothing dries out bread faster than your refrigerator. If you make sandwiches with the bread, and then place them in the refrigerator, the cold temperature will make the bread hard like nuts. Besides, the coldness makes the bread become hard at a faster speed.

♦Coffee. Since ground coffee like coffee beans require cool, dry and dark spots to keep their taste and freshness, the refrigerator is not a good place for them. Coffee also needs an airtight（密封的）container. But if you have much coffee that you won’t use right away, then you can freeze it. 2. This way, you can store it for up to a month.

♦Tomatoes. 3. But putting them in the refrigerator will cause them to lose all of their good taste. Plus, the cold air in the cooler refrigerator stops the ripening（成熟的）process as well. And as we all know, ripening is what gives every tomato more taste. For best results, keep tomatoes out, and inside a basket or a bowl on your counter.

♦Honey. Make sure that you keep honey in an airtight container. 4. Therefore. storing it in your cooler refrigerator doesn’t make sense. Honey is a naturally preserved food so it needs no help from us. Amazingly enough, placing honey in your refrigerator will in fact speed up the sugar crystallization （结晶）process. 5.

A. Nuts.

B. Bread.

C. We all love tomatoes for their taste.

D. Just make sure to put the coffee in airtight bags.

E. Honey will stay good almost forever in that way.

F. Some of you dislike the tomatoes’ taste because it is a little strange.

G. As a result, the honey will become harder or nearly impossible to eat.

高一英语七选五简单题查看答案及解析

It has long been thought that elephants rely on their large ears and bathing in rivers to stay cool in hot climates. New research，however，has showed that the world's largest land animals have a secret trick of controlling their body temperatures.

Scientists have long been puzzled by temperature regulation(调节)in elephants. Generally，animals with large bodies tend to hold more heat because，compared to their size，they have a small surface area for heat to escape from. Elephants，with their heavy­weight frames，would appear to be at a disadvantage in the heat of their African and Asian habitats，especially because they have thick fur to protect them from bushes and trees.

Scientists thought that these creatures，which weigh up to 13 tons when fully­grown，grow large ears to help them stay cool. The skin on the ears is thinner，so blood which flows into them cools down more easily. But findings by researchers at two universities in Vienna have showed that elephants are also able to cool down by increasing the blood flow to skin patches(斑) in other parts of their bodies.

The researchers studied six African elephants at Vienna Zoo as they moved between outdoor and indoor environments to see how the temperature on their skin surface would change. They found up to 15 “hot spots” all over an elephant's body surface，in addition to large patches on the ears. The study shows how these patches expand as the air temperature increases and more blood flows nearer to the skin surface. Other experiments show that elephants in the wild use the same “windows” to control their body temperature.

Elephants have two additional ways to stay cool: flapping(拍打)the ears and bathing. Together with these tricks，the skin hot spots allow the animals to keep their body temperature always at about 36 degrees—one degree less than humans'.

1.What can we know about the elephants?

A. They have thick fur to protect them.

B. They live in cool areas in Africa and Asia.

C. They can weigh up to 3 tons when fully­grown.

D. They are afraid of water and rivers.

2.The function of the thinner skin on elephants' ears is to________.

A. control their body temperature　　 B. help hold more heat

C. drive away insects　　 D. keep sensitive hearing

3.The new research________.

A. studied six Asian elephants

B. studied elephants in a zoo and in the wild

C. aimed to discover the elephants' disadvantages

D. proved that scientists' earlier beliefs were totally true

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A Kickstarter launched Friday will allow interested parties to set up a camera and pet toys in their home for anyone to play with their pets remotely. It’s called the ipet Companion, an Internet-connected camera and device that streams video online and allows basic commands from people watching. They can move the camera, look at their pet and press a button to swing a toy around.

Obviously, demand is strong. The Kickstarter proved so popular that Scott Harris, iPet Companion’s founder, said that thousands of people started asking for it.

The reason why people keep talking about this is the emotional(情感的) connection they have from a thousand miles away. If you want, you can enter a queue to move the camera and play with the pets. Each room has toys that are hooked(钩住) into Internet-connected devices, and you can move them by pressing a button.

But there’s sort of a problem: Pets get bored easily. Young pets will stay more interested than adult pets, but finally even a baby pet will get bored, too. To stop that from happening, you’d better limit the pets’ access(接近) to the boys and change the place where they’re located in the room.

Harris understands this and said you can plug anything into that adapter(适配器) ---toys that you can get on your own. And that’s where the iPet Companion really gets interesting. Harris explained that the device is actually sort of a Trojan horse to bring the “Internet of things” to more homes. You don’t really have to use it for pets. The adapter could be used for any device with an electrical plug---a sprinkler, say, that you’d be able to activate to water your grass.

“Our whole goal, our whole purpose is to let anyone control any physical object that they want to while they travel anywhere in the woorld,” Harris said.

1.What does the underlined word “remotely” in Paragragh 1 probably mean?

A. far away.

B. For free.

C. With pity.

D. Out of control.

2.Many people are interested in iPet Companion because______________.

A. it can be used to kill time

B. it is easy to control online

C. it can meet all of their demands

D. they can show their love for faraway pets by using it

3.Why do the pets stop playing the toys soon?

A. Pets are not clever enough to play the toys.

B. They don’t receive rewards from the games.

C. Toys are played with too often at the same place.

D. Adult pets prevent young ones from playing the games.

4.What can we infer from what Scott Harris said?

A. iPet Companion is only a kind of toy.

B. Kickstarter can be used in many other ways.

C. iPet Companion can actually be turned into a toy horse.

D. iPet Companion can look after pets while their owners are away.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A high-tech camera will be attached to your head and record everything　 　 you go through your trip.

A. to where　　 B. wherever　　 C. in which　　 D. since

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析