Earthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earth’s plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, the plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake.
Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes. The ones that happen before are called foreshocks. The ones that happen after are called aftershocks. Scientists don’t really know if an earthquake is a foreshock until the bigger earthquake occurs.
Shock waves from an earthquake that travel through the ground are called seismic waves (地震波). They are most powerful at the center of the earthquake, but they travel through much of the earth and back to the surface. They move quickly at 20 times the speed of sound.
Scientists use seismic waves to measure how big an earthquake is. They use a device called a seismograph (地震仪) to measure the size of the waves. The size of the waves is called the magnitude.
To tell the strength of an earthquake scientists use a scale called the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS (it used to be called the Richter scale). The larger the number on the MMS scale, the larger the earthquake. You usually won’t even notice an earthquake unless it measures at least a 3 on the MMS scale. Here are some examples of what may happen depending on the scale:
4.0-Could shake your house as if a large truck were passing close by. Some people may not notice.
5.0-If you are in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break.
6.0- Items will fall off shelves. Walls in some houses may crack and windows break. Pretty much everyone near the center will feel this one.
7.0- Weaker buildings will collapse and cracks will occur in bridges and on the street.
8.0- Many buildings and bridges fall down. Large cracks in the earth.
9.0 and up- Whole cities flattened and large-scale damage.
1.If a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit your area, what might happen?
A.Your house might shake violently. B.People might feel no shaking at all.
C.The family photo may fall off the wall. D.There might be cracks everywhere on the street.
2.What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph2?
A.It’s still hard to tell foreshocks from main earthquakes.
B.Scientists can’t exactly measure the strength of an earthquake.
C.People may ignore foreshocks when an earthquake is not so strong.
D.The earthquake won’t cause any damage unless it reaches 9.0 MMS.
3.The writer explains the concepts concerning the earthquake by .
A.listing examples B.giving explanations
C.making comparisons D.offering data
4.The passage is written mainly to .
A.enrich people’s knowledge of self-rescue in disasters
B.stress the importance of earthquake rescue
C.issue early warnings before an earthquake
D.present facts about the earthquake
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题
Earthquakes usually happen on the edges of large sections of the Earth’s plates. These plates slowly move over a long period of time. Sometimes the edges, which are called fault lines, can get stuck, but the plates keep moving. Pressure slowly starts to build up where the edges are stuck and, once the pressure gets strong enough, the plates will suddenly move causing an earthquake.
Generally before and after a large earthquake there will be smaller earthquakes. The ones that happen before are called foreshocks. The ones that happen after are called aftershocks. Scientists don’t really know if an earthquake is a foreshock until the bigger earthquake occurs.
Shock waves from an earthquake that travel through the ground are called seismic waves (地震波). They are most powerful at the center of the earthquake, but they travel through much of the earth and back to the surface. They move quickly at 20 times the speed of sound.
Scientists use seismic waves to measure how big an earthquake is. They use a device called a seismograph (地震仪) to measure the size of the waves. The size of the waves is called the magnitude.
To tell the strength of an earthquake scientists use a scale called the Moment Magnitude Scale or MMS (it used to be called the Richter scale). The larger the number on the MMS scale, the larger the earthquake. You usually won’t even notice an earthquake unless it measures at least a 3 on the MMS scale. Here are some examples of what may happen depending on the scale:
4.0-Could shake your house as if a large truck were passing close by. Some people may not notice.
5.0-If you are in a car, it may shake. Glasses and dishes may rattle. Windows may break.
6.0- Items will fall off shelves. Walls in some houses may crack and windows break. Pretty much everyone near the center will feel this one.
7.0- Weaker buildings will collapse and cracks will occur in bridges and on the street.
8.0- Many buildings and bridges fall down. Large cracks in the earth.
9.0 and up- Whole cities flattened and large-scale damage.
1.If a 5.0-magnitude earthquake hit your area, what might happen?
A.Your house might shake violently. B.People might feel no shaking at all.
C.The family photo may fall off the wall. D.There might be cracks everywhere on the street.
2.What does the author mean by saying the underlined sentence in paragraph2?
A.It’s still hard to tell foreshocks from main earthquakes.
B.Scientists can’t exactly measure the strength of an earthquake.
C.People may ignore foreshocks when an earthquake is not so strong.
D.The earthquake won’t cause any damage unless it reaches 9.0 MMS.
3.The writer explains the concepts concerning the earthquake by .
A.listing examples B.giving explanations
C.making comparisons D.offering data
4.The passage is written mainly to .
A.enrich people’s knowledge of self-rescue in disasters
B.stress the importance of earthquake rescue
C.issue early warnings before an earthquake
D.present facts about the earthquake
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Now, let’s talk about earthquakes on our planet. Some countries have large numbers of earthquakes. Japan is one of them. Others do not have many. For example, there are few earthquakes in Britain. There is often a great noise during an earthquake. The ground vibrates (震动). Houses fall down. Trains run off the lines. Sometimes, there is a heavy loss of human lives.
Earthquakes often happen near volcanoes, but this is not always true. The centers of some earthquakes are under the sea. The bottom of the sea suddenly moves. The powerful forces inside the earth break the rocks. The coast is shaken and great waves appear. These waves, also known as seismic waves(地震波), or tsunamis(海啸) can travel long distances and rush over the land when they reach it. They are strong enough to break down houses and other buildings. Very often fires follow the most serious earthquakes. In 1906, the numbers of fires were burning in the city. The water pipes were also shaken and broken, so it was not possible to put the fire out. There was no water. The Tokyo Earthquake of 1923 happened just before noon. People were cooking meals on their fires at that time. When the ground shook, the fires shook, too. Hot materials were thrown on the different parts of the houses, some of which were made of wood. Soon 134 fires were burning in the city.
What kind of building stands up best in an earthquake? A building with concrete walls is perhaps the best. A steel frame will make it even stronger. The frame holds the different parts together and the walls so not easily fall. There is less chance of fire because concrete and steel do not burn. Over the years, scientists studied the results of the earthquake in different parts of the world, and they are convinced that this kind of building is the safest.
1.What can we know about earthquake from the first paragraph?
A.Britain has large numbers of earthquake.
B.There is often a great noise during an earthquake.
C.There is a heavy loss of human lives in every earthquake.
D.Trains will not run off the lines during the earthquake.
2.Some of the undersea earthquakes were caused by ______.
A.the breakout of the volcano B.the seismic waves
C.the tsunami D.the powerful forces inside the earth
3.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.A building with concrete walls and a steel frame stands up best in an earthquake.
B.There is no chance of fire in a building with concrete walls.
C.Scientist studied the causes of the earthquake to get the conclusion.
D.A steel frame has no help in making the house stronger.
4.This text is probably a ______.
A.book review B.popular science report
C.newspaper ad D.fairy tale
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Earthquakes are the shaking, rolling or sudden shock of the earth’s surface. Earthquakes happen along “fault lines” in the earth’s crust. Earthquakes can be felt over large areas although they usually last less than one minute. Earthquakes cannot be predicted —— although scientists are working on it!
Most of the time, you will notice an earthquake by the gentle shaking of the ground. You may notice hanging plants swaying or objects wobbling on shelves. Sometimes you may hear a low rumbling noise or feel a sharp jolt. A survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco said the sensation was like riding a bicycle down a long flight of stairs.
The intensity（强度）of an earthquake can be measured. One measurement is called the Richter scale. Earthquakes below 4.0 on the Richter scale usually do not cause damage, and earthquakes below 2.0 usually can’t be felt. Earthquakes over 5.0 on the scale can cause damage. A magnitude 6.0 earthquake is considered strong and a magnitude 7.0 is a major earthquake. The Wenchuan Earthquake, which hit Sichuan Province in 2008, was magnitude 7.8.
Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes, shakers or seismic activity. The most important thing to remember during an earthquake is to DROP, COVER and HOLD ON. So remember to DROP to the floor and get under something for COVER and HOLD ON during the shaking.
1.Which statement about earthquakes is Not correct?
A. Earthquakes are the result of the sudden shock of the earth’s surface.
B. Earthquakes usually can be felt because they can last for a long time.
C. There are usually some signs for people to notice an earthquake.
D. People can feel an earthquake over 6.0 because it is very strong.
2.According to the passage, when the earthquake happened, a survivor of the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco_______.
A. was riding a bicycle B. was just climbing the stairs
C. heard a low rumbling noise D. felt like riding a bicycle
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Most of the time, people can not feel or predict the earthquakes.
B. Earthquakes are sometimes called temblors, quakes shakers or seismic activity.
C. The Wenchuan Earthquake, which hit Sichuan Province in 2008 caused serious damage.
D. When an earthquake happens, it is important to drop on the floor immediately.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening.
Do NOT go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
Keep away from windows, pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself.
Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.
1.Most earthquakes are too to hurt people.
A. strong B. weak C. dangerous D. heavy
2.From the passage，when an earthquake is happening，we should .
A. Stay under a big building B. Stay under a strong furniture
C. Stand by windows D. drive near a big bridge
3.It isn’t safe for you to while the earthquake is happening.
A. run out of the building B. stay in a corner of the building
C. cover your head with your arms D. cover your mouth with a towel
4.This passage tells us .
A. How dangerous the earthquake is. B. How to be safe in an earthquake.
C. We shouldn’t be afraid of the earthquake. D. How the earthquake comes into being.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Earthquakes happen without warning(前兆). They can happen any time of a day, at any point during the year. But don’t worry because most are so weak that they cannot be felt. Only a few big ones hurt people. However, it’s important to know what to do when an earthquake is happening．
Do NOT go outside. You could get injured from falling glass or parts of buildings. If you are outside, stay away from buildings and power lines (输电线).
Stay under a desk, table, or other strong furniture. Hold on to it. Or stay in a corner of the building. Cover your face and head with your arms and cover your mouth with a towel or clothing. Stay inside until shaking stops and it is safe to go outside.
Keep away from windows., pictures or advertisements on the wall or the building, and anything else that could fall and hurt you. Most people get injured by falling things during an earthquake, not by the shaking itself．
Also keep away from a fire. You could fall down and burn yourself on the fire.
If you are driving when an earthquake happens, stop the car if it’s safe. Stay inside your car until the earthquake stops, and don’t drive near bridges. Try not to stop by power lines or trees. These could fall and hurt you.
1.Most earthquakes are too to hurt people．
A. strong B. weak
C. dangerous D. heavy
2.From the passage，when an earthquake is happening，we should ．
A. Stay under a big building B. Stay under a strong furniture
C. Stand by windows D. drive near a big bridge
3.It isn’t safe for you to while the earthquake is happening．
A. run out of the building B. stay in a corner of the building
C. cover your head with your arms D. cover your mouth with a towel
4.This passage tells us ．
A. How dangerous the earthquake is． B. How to be safe in an earthquake．
C. We shouldn’t be afraid of the earthquake． D. How the earthquake comes into being．
5.The best title for this passage should be“ ”．
A. How Earthquakes Happen B. How to Drive a Car
C. What We Should Do in Earthquakes D. Why Earthquakes Happen
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
______ buildings had been ______ after the earthquakes.
A.A large number of; in ruins B.The great number of; in ruins
C.A great number of; in ruin D.The good number of; in ruin
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
阅读理解
A
When some plates of the earth move suddenly, an earthquake happens. Many earthquakes begin under the sea. In fact, earthquakes may happen anywhere on the earth. They often happen near mountains.
During an earthquake, the shakings make rocks rise suddenly and even crack（断裂）open. Houses fall, people are killed or hurt, and sometimes the whole villages or cities are destroyed.
Can we do something to keep ourselves safe from earthquakes? Scientists have studied earthquakes and made maps that show“earthquake belts（带）”. In these belts, it’s possible for earthquakes to happen. In these areas we can build strong houses to fight against earthquakes.
In the future, scientists will be able to predict exactly（精确预报）when and where an earthquake will happen. They can also tell people what to do and how to do it.
1. It is said a large number of earthquakes often happen .
A. next to mountains B. in the day time C. on land D. at night
2. In the future we’ll be no longer so afraid of an earthquake .
A. because of a map showing the“earthquake belts”
B. because we can guess the date and place of an earthquake
C. as scientists will know what to do and how to do it
D. both B and C
3. Which is the best title of the passage?
A. A Scientist and an Earthquake B. An Earthquake
C. How to Fight against Earthquake D. Earthquakes Today and Tomorrow
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
_____earth scientists understand how and why earthquakes happen, forecasts are usually inaccurate.
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Fishy Weather Conditions
Laj amanu，Australia，is a dry little town，sitting right on the edge of the Tanami desert. Can you imagines How surprised were people when live fish rained down on them from a dark gray cloudy.It happens that there are similar cases in England and Honduras.
How do clouds make fishy.The simple answer is that they don't.There is a particular weather phenomenon(现象)called a waterspout.A waterspout is just like a tornado，only it forms above oceans，lakes，or rivers.Like a tornado，a waterspout moves in a circle at high speeds.When it moves above the water，it tends to carry the fish with it，as well as frogs or other small plants or animals.
Scientists couldn't work it out at first. To make matters stranger still，the fish in Honduras were very much alive when they rained down to the ground，but they were all blind.In England and Australia，it rained fish and snakes，and none were blind. It was difficult to puzzle out，but the blind fish gave them a place to start.
Scientists knew that some fish that lived in deep，underground caves with no light sources often lost their eyesight. So when blind fish rained down on Honduras，scientists began to connect some dots.Clearly，these particular fish were pulled from an underground water source by force.
It has rained fish on every continent，and each time，people have tried in various ways to explain this strange phenomenon.Historically，villagers thought the“fishes from the heavens”might be answers to prayers for food. Others suggested that floods overran river banks and oceans，leaving the fish on the city streets.No scientist had actually seen the rain as it occurred，only the fish left on the ground.But in 1990，a National Geographic team happened to be in Honduras when the Rain of Fishes began. They recorded what was happening and made history by finally proving that the fish really did fall from the sky.
This huge breakthrough wasn't just a spot of good luck. It changed thousands of years of myths and legends into true stories and provided scientific explanations for how fish came to live in deep caves. It explained ancient cave paintings and shed new light on how species have spread over time.It turned out to be a lot more than just a little fishy weather.
1.According to the passage，a waterspout__________ .
A.can make animals blind B.is difficult to catch on film
C.can carry items with it D.is a dangerous sea creature
2.The blind fish made the scientists start to think that__________ .
A.raining fish was a warning of natural disasters
B.animals changed to match their environments
C.the weather system differed from place to place
D.the waterspout theory seemed more possible
3.From Para. 5 and 6，we can learn__________ .
A.how species in the area changed over time
B.the importance of finding the truth behind the event
C.that the discovery cleared up many different scientific theories
D.how the understanding of waterspouts affected other areas of science
4.The underlined sentence in last Para. probably suggests that__________ .
A.waterspouts came to be a center of scientific research
B.the scientists were fortunate to have made their discoveries
C.hard work went into determining the cause for the raining fish
D.the scientists relied heavily on unusual events to drive their studies
5.The author writes the passage to__________ .
A.describe the magic phenomenon
B.explain what caused the fishy weather
C.persuade people to protect the environment
D.encourage people to do scientific research
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A farmer had some puppies to sell. He painted a sign advertising them on the edge of his yard.
One day, a little boy came to buy one of the puppies. With a whistle（口哨）, the farmer called, “Here, Dolly!” Out from the doghouse ran Dolly followed by four little balls of fur. The little boy stood against the fence（栅栏）. His eyes danced with happiness.
As the dogs made their way to the fence, the little boy noticed something else inside the doghouse. Slowly another little ball appeared, something wrong with its legs, doing its best to catch up.
“I want that one,” the little boy said.
The farmer knelt（跪下）down at the boy's side and said, “Son, you don't want that puppy. He will never be able to run and play with you like these other dogs would.”
With that, the little boy stepped back from the fence, reached down and began rolling up one leg of his trousers. In doing so, he showed a steel brace（固定器）running down both sides of his leg attaching itself to a specially made shoe. Looking back up at the farmer, he said, “You see, sir, I don’t run too well myself, and he will need someone who understands.”
1.How did the farmer advertise his puppies?
A．Advertise them in the newspaper. B．Put up a sign in his yard.
C．Show them to his neighbors. D．Send pictures to a magazine.
2.The underlined words “four little balls of fur” refer to “_________”.
A．four toy balls B．four balls made of fur
C．four lovely dogs D．four puppies with no fur
3.Why did the boy choose the last dog?
A．Because they have something in common.
B．Because he didn't have enough money.
C．Because it was the most lovely one.
D．Because the farmer wouldn't sell other dogs.
4.According to the story, we know that the boy _________.
A．didn't like dogs at all B．needed a dog to help him
C．could run as fast as others D．had an artificial leg
5.Which of the following words best describes the boy?
A．clever B．lovely C．warm–hearted D．strange
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析