New research has found that even if you give ...

New research has found that even if you give up smoking,the damage it has done to your genes（基因）will stay there for a much longer time.

In the research,a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people.Among them, some were smokers,some used to smoke,and the rest were non-smokers.Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed a number that is one-third of known human genes.

According to NBC News,both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born,but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.

When you stop smoking,a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.This means your body is trying to heal（治愈）itself of the harmful effects of smoking.But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer.They can stay for as long as 30 years.It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement（水泥）— it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.

Although the study results may make people unhappy,there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer ricks.

1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ______________.

A. give an example　　 B. show the main idea of the passage

C. make an argument　　 D. introduce the topic of the passage

2.Most genetic changes happen because of  ____________.

A. people's bad living habits　　 B. environmental pollution

C. people's condition at birth　　 D. heart disease and cancer

3.The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refers to ________________.

A. the cement　　 B. the footprint

C. the harmful　　 D. the genetic change

4.Which of the following statements is true?

A. The findings help to find treatments for genetic damage caused by smoking.

B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.

C. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.

D. The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes (基因) will stay there for a much longer time.

In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16, 000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were non­smokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7, 000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is one­third of known human genes.

According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their day­to­day lives while doing things like smoking.

When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years. This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥) — it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.

Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side:the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.

1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ______.

A. give an example

B. arouse readers’ interest

C. make an argument

D. give the main idea of the passage

2.Most genetic changes happen because of _______.

A. people’s condition at birth B. environmental pollution

C. people’s bad living habits D. heart disease and cancer

3.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.

A. the cement B. the footprint

C. the harmful effects D. the genetic change

4.Which of the following statements is true？

A. The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.

B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.

C. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.

D. The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

Researchers have found that cutting up children's food rather than giving them meals where they have to bite with their front teeth makes them better behaved at the dinner table.

Foods that children have to pick up and bite into using their front teeth — such as chicken or whole apples — encourage aggressive(攻击性的) behaviour, scientists at Cornell University have found.

Children eating chicken on the bone were twice as aggressive as those given the same chicken cut into pieces, the study reports. Those eating on-the-bone chicken also ignored（忽视）adults' instructions more than twice as often and displayed much worse dinnertime behaviour — such as standing on the table or jumping off chairs.

This is thought to be an example of so-called"facial feedback(面部反馈)", where using certain facial muscles improves particular emotions.

Facial feedback from smiling is well known. People holding a pencil between their nose and upper lip — preventing smiling — consider a cartoon far less interesting than those forced to smile by holding the pencil between their teeth.

In the case of eating, foods such as on-the-bone chicken, boiled corn and whole apples require the front teeth to be used for biting.

Showing the front teeth uses the same facial muscle as the one that is used to show aggression, and the feedback may immediately increase aggressive behaviour. Showing the front teeth is a common sign of aggression in the animal world. Being surrounded by bare(龇开的) teeth may make a child feel under threat, further increasing their aggression. As children have less self-control, they are more influenced by facial feedback than adults.

This small study, named Eating Behaviors, looked at six to ten year olds, but the same effects are expected in both older and younger children. The advice from study leader, Professor Brian Wansink, is simple: “If you want a nice, quiet, relaxing meal with your kids, cut up their food.”

1.Why is it good for children to have food cut up?

A. They will eat more.

B. They behave better at the table.

C. They will have healthy teeth.

D. They are happy eaters.

2.What may children eating on-the-bone chicken do?

A. Become less aggressive.

B. Stand on the table.

C. Keep seated on the chairs.

D. Throw the bones.

3.Children with a pencil between their nose and upper lip will think cartoons ________________ than those who are forced to smile.

A. less boring

B. more aggressive

C. more boring

D. less aggressive

4.Which food is best for children's behavior at the table?

A. Small pieces of meat

B. Whole corn

C. A whole apple

D. A bone

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

You will succeed in the end ______you give up halfway.

A. even if    B. as though    C. as long as    D. unless

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

New research on vegetables and aging gives mothers another reason to say "I told you so". It found that eating vegetables appears to help keep the brain young and may slow the mental decline sometimes associated with growing old.

On measures of mental sharpness, older people who ate more than two servings（份）of vegetables daily appeared about five years younger at the end of the six-year study than those who ate few or no vegetables.

The research in almost 2, 000 Chicago-area men and women doesn't prove that vegetables reduce mental decline, but it adds to evidence pointing in that direction. The findings also echo previous research in women only.

Green leafy vegetables appeared to be the most beneficial. The researchers said that it may be because they contain amounts of healthy vitamin E, which is believed to help fight chemicals produced by the body that can damage cells. Vegetables generally contain more vitamin E than fruits, which was not linked with slowed mental decline in the study. "Vegetables also are often eaten with healthy fats such as salad oils, which help the body absorb vitamin E, "said the lead author Martha Clare Morris, a researcher at the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging at Chicago's Rush University Medical Center.

"This is a sound paper and contributes to our understanding of cognitive（认知的）decline, "said Dr Meir Stampfer of Harvard's School of Public Health.

"The findings specific for vegetables and not fruit add further credibility（可信性）that this is not simply a marker of a more healthful lifestyle, "said Stampfer, who was not involved in the research.

The research involved 1,946 people aged 65 and older who filled out questionnaires about their eating habits. A vegetable serving equaled about a half-cup chopped or one cup if the vegetable was a raw leafy green like spinach.

1.By saying "I told you so", the writer probably means __________.

A.mothers often tell their children to eat more vegetables

B.more research should have been done earlier

C.aging can be avoided by eating vegetables

D.we should slow down while eating

2.From this passage we can infer that_________.

A.the latest research has proved vegetables reduce mental decline

B.a research on vegetables and aging had ever been done before

C.green leafy vegetables contain less vitamin E than fruits

D.there were 1,946 people aged 65 who took part in the research

3.Stampfer's attitude towards the findings is __________.

A.negative B.unconcerned

C.supportive D.uncertain

4.The best title of this passage would be ___________.

A.New Ways to Become Healthy

B.Vegetables May Keep Brains Young

C.Vegetables Are Better than Fruits

D.Different Benefits of Vegetables

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

.           you like it or not, you'll have to give up smoking.

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

You will succeed in the end _____________  you give up halfway.

A. if              B. unless      C. now that         D. Until

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

If you are looking for the place that has everything,there is only one place to visit,and that's New York.It's a whole world in a city.

The World of Theater: All of New York is a stage.And it begins with Broadway.Where else can you find so many hit shows in one place?Only in New York!

The World of Music: Spend an evening with Beethoven at Lincoln Center.Swing to the great jazz of Greenwich Village.Or rock yourself silly at the hottest dance spots found anywhere.

The World of Art: From Rembrandt to Picasso.From Egyptian tombs to Indian teepees.Whatever kind of art you like,you will find it in New York.

The World of Fine Dining: Whether it's Roast Beijing Duck in Chinatown,lasagna in little Italy,or the finest French coq au vin found everywhere,there is world of great taste waiting for you in New York.

The World of Sight: What other city has a statue（雕塑）of Liberty?A Rockefeller Center?Or a Bronx Zoo? Where else can you take a horse-draw carriage through Central Park,only in New York.

1.From the text we know that "Rembrandt" is most likely to be the name of a famous______.

A. actor　　 B. painter

C. cook　　 D. musician

2.Which of the following can visitors do only in New York?

A. To eat Roast Beijing Duck.　　 B. To taste the finest French coq au vin.

C. To enjoy a Beethoven concert.　　 D. To see the statue of Liberty.

3.This passage may be taken from______.

A. a guidebook for foreign travellers　　 B. a handbook for English learners

C. a pocketbook for businessmen　　 D. a storybook for local readers

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Research at the University of Liverpool, UK, has found that Shakespeare’s language stimulates positive brain activity.

Shakespeare uses a linguistic（语言的）technique known as functional change that involves, for example, using a noun to serve as a verb．Researchers found that this technique allows the brain to understand what a word means before it understands the function of the word within a sentence．This process causes a sudden peak in brain activity and forces the brain to work backwards in order to fully understand what Shakespeare is trying to say.

Professor Philip Davis, from the university’s School of English, said: “The brain reacts to reading a phrase such as ‘he godded me’ from the tragedy of Coriolanus, in a similar way to putting a jigsaw puzzle（拼图玩具）together．If it is easy to see which pieces fit together you become bored of the game．But if the pieces don’t appear to fit, when we know they should, the brain becomes excited．By throwing irregular words into seemingly normal sentences, Shakespeare surprises the brain in a manner that produces a sudden burst of activity — a sense of drama created out of the simplest of things.”

Experts believe that this heightened brain activity may be one of the reasons why Shakespeare’s plays have such a dramatic impact on their readers.

Professor Neil Roberts, from the university’s Magnetic Resonance and Image Analysis Research Center, and Professor Davis, together with Dr Guillaune Thierry, from the University of Wales, UK, monitored 20 participants using an electroencephalogram (EEG) as they read selected lines from Shakespeare’s plays.

“The brain signal is relatively stable when we understand the meaning of a word but when the word changes the grammar of the whole sentence, brain readings suddenly peak．The brain is then forced to retrace its thinking process in order to understand what it is supposed to make of this unusual word,” explains Professor Roberts.

1.The research conducted by the professors has showed that ___________.

A．Shakespeare uses functional change to mislead readers

B．Shakespeare’s language excites positive brain activity.

C．Shakespeare’s plays have a dramatic effect on their readers.

D．Shakespeare’s language makes the brain signal relatively stable

2.Which of the following words can replace the underlined pronoun “it” in the 2nd paragraph?

A．technique       B．word        C．brain       C．sentence

3.In the 3rd paragraph, the example of a jigsaw puzzle is used here to state___________.

A．the function of Shakespeare’s linguistic technique

B．a sense of drama created by playing the game

C．the Shakespeare’s thinking process

D．the brain’s reaction to reading a book

4.Based on the research, Shakespeare’s plays have a great effect on their reader lies in_______.

A．language used in plays

B．characters showed in works

C．brain activity increased in reading

D．thinking process when writing

高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析

If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.

Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers (幔跑者)and non - joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non - joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.

Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(寿命)，jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and it may be harmful. “

The implications (暗示 ) of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than “iron man events, triathlons and long - distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don't actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”.

1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “____“.

A.regular B.hard C.practical D.flexible

2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to_______ .

A.suggest giving up jogging B.show risks of doing sports

C.provide supportive evidence D.introduce the research process

3.According to the scientists, why is too much exercise harmful?

A.It may injure the heart and arteries. B.It can make the body tired out.

C.It will bring much pressure. D.It consumes too much energy.

4.What can be inferred from the text?

A.No exercise at all is the best choice. B.More exercise means a healthier life.

C.Marathons runners are least likely to die. D.Proper exercise contributes to good health.

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析