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The science and technology undertaking of New China started almost from scratch. In 1956, the central government issued a great call for "advancing into science." Under the guidance of the "focus on development and catching up" policy, the country initially( 初 步 ) established a government-led science and technology system to break down the blockade and strenuous efforts have laid a solid foundation for the development of China's scientific and technological undertakings and injected a self-improving soul.
Preliminary layout of science and technology system
At the beginning of the founding of New China, the country was abolished( 百废俱兴) and the scientific and technological foundation was extremely weak, and it needed to be improved. In 1949, represented by the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, various regions and departments began to set up a number of scientific research institutions.In 1956, the new for the first time in Chinese history, the National Science and Technology Conference was convened, and the country's first long-term science and technology development plan, the National Science and Technology Development Prospects Plan 1956-1967, was devoted to research and deployment of science and technology development issues, and formulated a number of major technologies that were urgently needed at the time. The mission became the first milestone in the history of China's scientific and technological development. Prior to the "Cultural Revolution", national scientific research institutions had increased from more than 30 at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China to more than 1,700, and the number of professionals dedicated to scientific research had increased from less than 500 to 120,000 .It has initially formed a scientific and technological system consisting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, industrial departments, local scientific research units and national defense departments.
The impact of hard work is profound(深远的)
The establishment of new China has inspired a large number of overseas students to report their national ambitions. Overseas experts and scholars represented by Qian Xuesen, Hua Luogeng, Zhu Guangya, etc. broke all difficulties and obstacles(障碍), embraced their deep feelings for the motherland, and returned to China to work for the technology of New China. He has made outstanding contributions to career development. By 1957, more than 3,000 overseas scholars returned home, accounting for more than half of all overseas students and scholars before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Most of them became science in various(各种各样的) fields of New China. The founder or pioneer of technological development, in the era of enthusiasm and burning, led scientific researchers across the country to work independently and arduously under extremely difficult conditions, creating a series of world-renowned scientific and technological miracles, and left precious for future generations.
The first achievements to inspire(振奋) the country
In this period, under the national system of focusing on major events, a number of major scientific and technological achievements that catch up with the world level quickly emerged. In 1958, China's first electron tube computer was successfully trial-produced. Subsequently, semiconductor triodes and diodes were successively developed; 1959 In 1995, Li Siguang and others proposed the theory of "land-phase oil", which broke the Western scholars' theory of "lean oil in China"; in 1960, Wang Xichang and others discovered anti-sigma negative supersonons; in 1964, the first atomic bomb device exploded successfully. A self-designed and manufactured carrier rocket was successfully launched; in 1965, the first artificial synthesis of bovine insulin in the world; in 1967, the first hydrogen bomb was successfully air-blasted; in 1970, the "Dongfanghong-1" artificial earth satellite was successfully launched; in the 70s In the early days, Chen Jingrun proved Goldbach's "1 + 2" conjecture ... these important achievements under extremely difficult conditions have written a strong mark in the history of China's scientific and technological development.
——Adapted from CCTV and Taiwan Straits Network
1.What has laid a solid foundation for the development of science and technology in our country?
A.The founding of New China.
B.Direct help from the central.
C.A government-led and laid-out science and technology system.
D.The great call of the spirit of all the Chinese people.
2.When did New China initially form scientific and technological system consisting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, industrial departments, local scientific research units and national defense departments?
A.Before the founding of New China
B.After the reform and opening up
C.Before the Cultural Revolution
D.During the New Period of Xi Jinping's Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
3.Why did Qian Xuesen and other overseas experts and scholars return to the country?
A.The establishment of the new China inspired their hearts to serve the country.
B.They have broken through all the difficulties and obstacles overseas.
C.Their excellent ability has been recognized by New China.
D.New China had created a series of remarkable technological miracles.
4.Which of the following was not the result achieved in the 1960s?
A.The first electronic tube computer was successfully manufactured.
B.The first atomic bomb device exploded successfully.
C.The first synthetic bovine insulin in the world.
D.The first hydrogen bomb exploded successfully.
九年级英语阅读单选中等难度题查看答案及解析
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With___ development of science and technology, China has entered ___ new era(时代）.
A. a； an B. a； the C. the ； a D. the； /
九年级英语单选题困难题查看答案及解析
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With ______ development of science and technology, China has entered ______ new era(时代).
A.a ; the B.the ; a C.the ; the
九年级英语单选题中等难度题查看答案及解析
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At East China University of Science and Technology, students who finish their food in the dining hall can get a coupon(优惠券) when they return their tray(餐盘). They can exchange coupons for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
“It’s been a big surprise,” said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student in the university of Shanghai. “It makes us try our best to finish the food!”
But some food in the dining hall is so poorly prepared that students are reluctant to finish it all. Some schools have paid some attention to it.
“The dishes in our canteen are all right, generally speaking. We’ve tried our best to make it tasty. But of course it’s difficult to make all the students love it.” said Wang.
Other universities also pay attention to the size of food. At Nanjing University, rice is divided into three different-sized bowls that students can choose from.
“I lik
e to try different dishes at each meal. So I had to throw away a lot of food because the bowls were too big. But now the dining hall offers small sizes. It’s great because I can try different dishes at half price and don’t waste so much food,” said Fan Peng, a student from Nanjing University.But what if you really can’t finish all your food? Some universities also provide a take-away service. If you can’t finish all your food, you can get a box to take the leftovers home. Even if you feed the cat, it’s not wasted.
So you see, if we call on students not to waste food, schools should also imp
rove the service and meal quality.1.How can the students at East China University of Science and Technology get a coupon?
A. They eat up all the food and wash the tray.
B. They return the tray in the dining hall.
C. They finish all the food and return the tray.
D. They wash the tray and return it.
2.In some universities, if you can’t finish all your food, you can __________________.
A. leave the food on the table and go away B. share it with your friends
C. give the food back to the dining hall D. take it away with a box
3.The underlined word “reluctant” in this passage means ___________ in Chinese.
A. 开心的 B. 饥饿的 C. 不情愿的 D.不可能的
4. In order to reduce the waste, universities do a lot of things except _____________.
A. trying to make the food as delicious as possible.
B. offering different sizes of the food.
C. exchanging trays for coupons and gifts.
D. raising the price of the food.
5.Where can we read this passage?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a science book.
C. In a story book. D. In a fashion magazine.
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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At East China University of Science and Technology, students will get a coupon (优惠券) if they eat up their food.
Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
"It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us one more motivation to finish our food. "
The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign(行动) which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses(校园).
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency, students waste twice as much food as the national average(平均).
The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country.
"The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle," said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
"I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the 'eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses." said Tao.
1.From Paragraph l, we know that the students will get a coupon .
A. when they eat school food B. after they exchange gifts
C. if they finish all their food D. if they collect the waste
2.The underlined word "motivation" in Paragraph 2 means in Chinese.
A. 动力 B. 机会 C. 试验 D. 条件
3.The purpose of the campaign is mainly to ________ .
A. improve the school food standard
B. encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle
C. receive attention from the society
D. further improve the service in universities
4.The best title for this passage may be _______.
A. Enjoy Your Food! B. Reduce Waste on Campus
C. Meals in Universities. D. "Eat-up" Campaign on Campus
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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At East China University of Science and Technology, students will get a coupon（优惠券）if they eat up their food. Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books , magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
"It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us one more motivation to finish our food."
The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign (行动) which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses(校园)。
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhua News Agency, students waste twice as much food as the national average (平均) .The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country." The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle, said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
"I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the ' eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses. " said Tao.
1. The underlined word " motivation" in Paragraph 2 means__________in Chinese.
A.动力 B.机会
C.试验 D.条件
2.The " eat-up" campaign is carried out on campuses because__________.
A. students get a good education B. schools offer small gifts
C. students waste too much food D. school food is more delicious
3.The purpose of the campaign is mainly to ___________.
A. improve the school food standard
B. encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle
C. receive attention from the society
D. further improve the service in universities
4.The best title for this passage may be __________.
A. Enjoy Your Food! B. Reduce Waste on Campus
C. Meals in Universities. D. "Eat-up" Campaign on Campus
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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At East China University of Science and Technology,students will get a coupon (优惠券) if they eat up their food.Students can collect coupons and exchange them for small gifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and hand warmers.
"It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zahaoyun, 19, a student at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us one more motivation to finish our food. "
The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign(行动) which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses(校园).
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency,students waste twice as much food as the national average(平均).
The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country.
"The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle," said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
"I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the 'eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses." said Tao.
1.From Paragraph l,we know that the students will get a coupon.
A. when they eat school food B. after they exchange gifts
C. if they finish all their food D. if they collect the waste
2.The "eat-up" campaign is carried out on campuses because ________.
A. students get a good education B. schools offer small gifts
C. students waste too much food D. school food is more delicious
3.The purpose of the campaign is mainly to ________.
A. improve the school food standard
B. encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle
C. receive attention from the society
D. further improve the service in universities
4.The best title for this passage may be _______.
A. Enjoy Your Food! B. Reduce Waste on Campus
C. Meals in Universities. D. "Eat-up" Campaign on Campus
九年级英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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At East China University of Science and Technology,students will get a coupon (优惠券) if they eat up their food.Students can collect coupons and exchange them for smallgifts, such as books, magazines, mobile phone covers and
hand warmers.
"It's been such a surprise," said Liang Zhaoyun, 19, astudent at the university in Shanghai. "It has given us onemore motivation to finish our food. "
The measure is part of a national "eat-up" campaign(行动) which is organized by students to deal with food waste on campuses(校园).
Why only on campuses, you might ask? Because according to a report by Xinhna News Agency,students waste twice as much food as the national average(平均).
The campaign on campus food waste is receiving attention across the country.
"The aim of the campaign is not only to encourage students to finish their food. We hope it can also encourage students to choose a more environment-friendly and healthy lifestyle," said Tao Siliang, secretary of the Youth League Committee at Shanghai University.
But some school food is poorly prepared, so students do not like to finish it all. Some schools have taken notice of this and they are taking measures to improve it.
"I'm glad that we've reduced food waste since the 'eat-up' campaign began. But if we call on students to waste less food, we should also improve the service and food standard on campuses." said Tao.
1.From Paragraph l,we know that the students will get a coupon .
A. when they eat school food B. after they exchange gifts
C. if they finish all their food D. if they collect the waste
2.The undedined word "motivation" in Paragraph 2 means in Chinese.
A. 动力 B. 机会 C. 试验 D. 条件
3.The "eat-up" campaign is carried out on campuses because ________.
A. students get a good education B. schools offer small gifts
C. students waste too much food D. school food is more delicious
4.The purpose of the campaign is mainly to ________ .
A. improve the school food standard
B. encourage a greener and healthier lifestyle
C. receive attention from the society
D. further improve the service in universities
5.The best title for this passage may be _______.
A. Enjoy Your Food! B. Reduce Waste on Campus
C. Meals in Universities. D. "Eat-up" Campaign on Campus
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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China Science and Technology Museum was opened to the public in September 1988. But the second project was completed in May 2000. Its main task is to spread knowledge of science and technology among the public. The activities of China Science and Technology Museum include popular science exhibitions, Astro-vision film shows, training education programs and experiment exhibition programs. The museum has an area of 40,000 square metres, of which 16,000 square metres is for exhibition halls. The Astro-vision Theatre is one of the museum’s major attractions and also one of the largest Astro-vision theatres in the world. It makes visitors feel they are in actual events rather than see a film. Many great science activities are often held at the museum, and the museum wants to be an important window to the world.
1. People could visit the museum since ____________.
A. twenty years ago B. September, 1988.
C. May, 2000 D. May, 2005
2.What can you see in the museum?
A. Training education programs and nature animals.
B. Ancient science exhibitions.
C. Astro-vision film shows and modern film shows.
D. Science exhibitions and experiment exhibitions.
3.What is one of the most attractions for the visitors?
A. The Astro-vision Theatre. B. Science Hall.
C. Experiment Exhibition. D. Education Programs
4.The underlined word “actual” means “ ”in Chinese.
A.历史的B.科幻的 C.不真实的 D. 真实的
5.Which is the best title for the passage?
A. The activities of China Science and Technology Museum
B. The largest Astro-vision theatre in the world
C. China Science and Technology Museum
D. The museum has a large Astro-vision theatre.
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
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China Science and Technology Museum was opened to the public in September 1988. But the second project was completed in May 2000. Its main task is to spread knowledge of science and technology among the public.
The activities of China Science and Technology Museum include popular science exhibitions, Astro-vision film shows, training education programs and experiment exhibition programs. The museum has an area of 40,000 square metres, of which 16,000 square metres is for exhibition halls.
The Astro-vision Theatre is one of the museum’s major attractions and also one of the largest Astro-vision theatres in the world. It makes visitors feel they are in actual events rather than see a film. Many great science activities are often held at the museum, and the museum wants to be an important window to the world.
1.What can you see in the museum?
A. Training education programs and nature animals.
B. Science exhibitions and experiment exhibitions.
C. Astro-vision film shows and modern film shows.
D. Ancient science exhibitions.
2.People could visit the museum since ____.
A. twenty years ago B. September, 1988 C. May, 2000 D. May, 2005
3.What is one of the most attractions for the visitors?
A. The Astro-vision Theatre. B. Science Hall.
C. Experiment Exhibition. D. Education Programs.
4.When you are seeing an Astro-vision film, you feel you are ______.
A. in true life B. seeing a good film
C. in actual events D. traveling in the sky
5.Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. It’s a national museum of science and technology.
B. It’s a window of Chinese new science and technology to the world.
C. Exhibition halls of the museum have an area of 40,000 square metres.
D. The museum has a large Astro-vision theatre.
九年级英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
e to try different dishes at each meal. So I had to throw away a lot of food because the bowls were too big. But now the dining hall offers small sizes. It’s great because I can try different dishes at half price and don’t waste so much food,” said Fan Peng, a student from Nanjing University.