Scientific research gives new explanations to a very old relationship.
Dog Sense: How the New Science of Dog Behaviour Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. By John Bradshaw. Basic Books; 324 pages; $25.99. Buy from Amazon.com, Amazon.co.uk
Dogs seem to have been our beloved companions since there was written history. It is hard to be precise(精确地) about when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years. For John Bradshaw, a biologist who founded the anthrozoology department(the place known as human-non-human-animal studies) at the University of Bristol, having some idea about how dogs got to be dogs is the first step towards gaining a better understanding of human-dog relationship. It is generally accepted that dogs were raised by human beings from wolves. However, Bradshaw’s research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolves and the mistakes that this has led to, especially in the training of dogs over the past century or so.
Dogs are not like nicely brought-up wolves, says the author, nor are they much like people despite their excellent ability to enter our lives and our hearts. However, dogs have a distinguish talent: they experience and react to the world through their extraordinary sense of smell: their sensitivity to smells is between 10,000 and 100,000 times greater than ours. And their trainability allow dogs to perform almost unimaginable tasks, such as smelling the early stages of a cancer long before a normal medical diagnosis(诊断) would discover it.
The latest scientific research can help dogs and their owners have happier, healthier relationships by encouraging people to understand dogs better. But Mr. Bradshaw is also fearful. In particular, he fears the incestuous（近亲繁殖）narrowing of the gene pool that modern breeders have brought about. He also worries that the increasing urbanization of society and the pressures on couples to work long hours are putting dogs under huge stress.
“Dog Sense” is neither a report nor a description of the joys of dog-ownership. At times its use of research data can be slightly difficult to understand. But this is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner reads it.
1.What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?
A.Proved B.Disagreed C.Described D.Explained
2.Which of the following statements about dogs is not true according to the passage?
A.Dogs and wolves are close relatives.
B.Some dogs can smell early stage cancers.
C.The relationship between dogs and humans has a long history.
D.Dog may suffer from depression.
3.The purpose of the passage may be .
A.to introduce something about dogs
B.to present the result of a book
C.to change people’s attitude towards dogs
D.to advertise a book about dogs
4.How does the author find Dog Sense?
A.Boring B.Interesting C.Useful D.Hard
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题
Scientific research gives new explanations to a very old relationship.
Dog Sense: How the New Science of Dog Behaviour Can Make You a Better Friend to Your Pet. By John Bradshaw. Basic Books; 324 pages; $25.99. Buy from Amazon.com, Amazon.co.uk
Dogs seem to have been our beloved companions since there was written history. It is hard to be precise(精确地) about when the friendship began, but a reasonable guess is that it has been going strong for more than 20,000 years. For John Bradshaw, a biologist who founded the anthrozoology department(the place known as human-non-human-animal studies) at the University of Bristol, having some idea about how dogs got to be dogs is the first step towards gaining a better understanding of human-dog relationship. It is generally accepted that dogs were raised by human beings from wolves. However, Bradshaw’s research refuted the wrong ideas about the close relationship of dogs to wolves and the mistakes that this has led to, especially in the training of dogs over the past century or so.
Dogs are not like nicely brought-up wolves, says the author, nor are they much like people despite their excellent ability to enter our lives and our hearts. However, dogs have a distinguish talent: they experience and react to the world through their extraordinary sense of smell: their sensitivity to smells is between 10,000 and 100,000 times greater than ours. And their trainability allow dogs to perform almost unimaginable tasks, such as smelling the early stages of a cancer long before a normal medical diagnosis(诊断) would discover it.
The latest scientific research can help dogs and their owners have happier, healthier relationships by encouraging people to understand dogs better. But Mr. Bradshaw is also fearful. In particular, he fears the incestuous（近亲繁殖）narrowing of the gene pool that modern breeders have brought about. He also worries that the increasing urbanization of society and the pressures on couples to work long hours are putting dogs under huge stress.
“Dog Sense” is neither a report nor a description of the joys of dog-ownership. At times its use of research data can be slightly difficult to understand. But this is a wonderfully informative, instructive book that will do good to every dog whose owner reads it.
1.What’s the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 3?
A.Proved B.Disagreed C.Described D.Explained
2.Which of the following statements about dogs is not true according to the passage?
A.Dogs and wolves are close relatives.
B.Some dogs can smell early stage cancers.
C.The relationship between dogs and humans has a long history.
D.Dog may suffer from depression.
3.The purpose of the passage may be .
A.to introduce something about dogs
B.to present the result of a book
C.to change people’s attitude towards dogs
D.to advertise a book about dogs
4.How does the author find Dog Sense?
A.Boring B.Interesting C.Useful D.Hard
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
CHICAGO -- New research on vegetables and aging gives mothers another reason to say "I told you so." It is found that eating vegetables appears to help keep the brain young and may slow the mental decline（下降） sometimes associated with growing old.
On measures of mental sharpness, older people who ate more than two servings of vegetables daily appeared about five years younger at the end of the six-year study than those who ate few or no vegetables.
The research in almost 2,000 Chicago-area men and women doesn't prove that vegetables reduce mental decline, but it adds to mounting evidence pointing in that direction. The findings also echo（回应） previous research in women only.
Green leafy vegetables including spinach（菠菜）, kale and collards （甘蓝） appeared to be the most beneficial. The researchers said that may be because they contain healthy amounts of vitamin E, an antioxidant（抗氧化剂） that is believed to help fight chemicals produced by the body that can damage cells.
Vegetables generally contain more vitamin E than fruits, which were not linked with slowed mental decline in the study. Vegetables also are often eaten with healthy fats such as salad oils, which help the body absorb vitamin E and other antioxidants, said lead author Martha Clare Morris, a researcher at the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging at Chicago's Rush University Medical Center.
The fats from healthy oils can help keep cholesterol（胆固醇）low and arteries （动脉）clear, which both contribute to brain health. The study was published in this week's issue of the journal Neurology and funded with grants from the National Institute on Aging.
1.In which part of newspaper can you find this article?
A. entertainment B. sports C. health D. education
2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The research has showed that eating vegetables may be beneficial to our brain.
B. The new research is tested among 2,000 females.
C. The findings of the new research do not agree with the previous one.
D. It has been clearly proved that eating vegetables can help keep the brain young.
3.We can conclude from the text that our brain can be healthy if our body contains the following except_____.
A. green leafy vegetables B. fats and oil
C. clear arteries D. healthy amounts of vitamin E
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
New research on vegetables and aging gives mothers another reason to say "I told you so". It found that eating vegetables appears to help keep the brain young and may slow the mental decline sometimes associated with growing old.
On measures of mental sharpness, older people who ate more than two servings（份）of vegetables daily appeared about five years younger at the end of the six-year study than those who ate few or no vegetables.
The research in almost 2, 000 Chicago-area men and women doesn't prove that vegetables reduce mental decline, but it adds to evidence pointing in that direction. The findings also echo previous research in women only.
Green leafy vegetables appeared to be the most beneficial. The researchers said that it may be because they contain amounts of healthy vitamin E, which is believed to help fight chemicals produced by the body that can damage cells. Vegetables generally contain more vitamin E than fruits, which was not linked with slowed mental decline in the study. "Vegetables also are often eaten with healthy fats such as salad oils, which help the body absorb vitamin E, "said the lead author Martha Clare Morris, a researcher at the Rush Institute for Healthy Aging at Chicago's Rush University Medical Center.
"This is a sound paper and contributes to our understanding of cognitive（认知的）decline, "said Dr Meir Stampfer of Harvard's School of Public Health.
"The findings specific for vegetables and not fruit add further credibility（可信性）that this is not simply a marker of a more healthful lifestyle, "said Stampfer, who was not involved in the research.
The research involved 1,946 people aged 65 and older who filled out questionnaires about their eating habits. A vegetable serving equaled about a half-cup chopped or one cup if the vegetable was a raw leafy green like spinach.
1.By saying "I told you so", the writer probably means __________.
A.mothers often tell their children to eat more vegetables
B.more research should have been done earlier
C.aging can be avoided by eating vegetables
D.we should slow down while eating
2.From this passage we can infer that_________.
A.the latest research has proved vegetables reduce mental decline
B.a research on vegetables and aging had ever been done before
C.green leafy vegetables contain less vitamin E than fruits
D.there were 1,946 people aged 65 who took part in the research
3.Stampfer's attitude towards the findings is __________.
A.negative B.unconcerned
C.supportive D.uncertain
4.The best title of this passage would be ___________.
A.New Ways to Become Healthy
B.Vegetables May Keep Brains Young
C.Vegetables Are Better than Fruits
D.Different Benefits of Vegetables
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
New research has found that even if you give up smoking,the damage it has done to your genes（基因）will stay there for a much longer time.
In the research,a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16,000 people.Among them, some were smokers,some used to smoke,and the rest were non-smokers.Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7,000 genes of smokers had changed a number that is one-third of known human genes.
According to NBC News,both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born,but most people get them in their day-to-day lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking,a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years.This means your body is trying to heal（治愈）itself of the harmful effects of smoking.But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer.They can stay for as long as 30 years.It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement（水泥）— it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy,there is a bright side: the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer ricks.
1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ______________.
A. give an example B. show the main idea of the passage
C. make an argument D. introduce the topic of the passage
2.Most genetic changes happen because of ____________.
A. people's bad living habits B. environmental pollution
C. people's condition at birth D. heart disease and cancer
3.The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 4 refers to ________________.
A. the cement B. the footprint
C. the harmful D. the genetic change
4.Which of the following statements is true?
A. The findings help to find treatments for genetic damage caused by smoking.
B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.
C. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
D. The findings are the fruit of more than three years' research
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
New research has found that even if you give up smoking, the damage it has done to your genes (基因) will stay there for a much longer time.
In the research, a team of US scientists studied the blood of 16, 000 people. Among them, some were smokers, some used to smoke, and the rest were nonsmokers. Scientists compared their genes and found that more than 7, 000 genes of smokers had changed—a number that is onethird of known human genes.
According to NBC News, both heart disease and cancer are caused by genetic changes. Some people may have had the changes when they were born, but most people get them in their daytoday lives while doing things like smoking.
When you stop smoking, a lot of these genes will return to normal within five years. This means your body is trying to heal (治愈) itself of the harmful effects of smoking. But the changes in some of the genes stay for longer. They can stay for as long as 30 years. It’s almost like leaving a footprint on wet cement (水泥) — it will always be there, even when you’ve walked away and when the cement becomes dry.
Although the study results may make people unhappy, there is a bright side:the findings could help scientists invent medicine to treat genetic damage caused by smoking or find ways to tell which people have heart disease or cancer risks.
1.The function of Paragraph 1 is to ______.
A. give an example
B. arouse readers’ interest
C. make an argument
D. give the main idea of the passage
2.Most genetic changes happen because of _______.
A. people’s condition at birth B. environmental pollution
C. people’s bad living habits D. heart disease and cancer
3.The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refers to _______.
A. the cement B. the footprint
C. the harmful effects D. the genetic change
4.Which of the following statements is true？
A. The findings are the fruit of more than three years’ research.
B. The findings have prevented more people from starting smoking.
C. The findings offer evidence that a damaged gene can heal itself.
D. The findings help to find cures for genetic damage caused by smoking.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
根据首字母写出正确的单词形式.
1. Edward d_______ himself to scientific research after graduating from university.
2. Most of the Americans v_____ for Obama to be president.
3. The design of the product must be r______ to people’s needs.
4. The fire started in the middle of the night, so most of the people were t_____ in the burning building.
5. The thief used a false i_____ to take money from the bank.
高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
—I do believe the scientific explanation that when a tomb is opened, the fresh air disturbs the viruses inside it. What about you?
—So do I. If _______ in, the disturbed viruses may cause illness or even death.
A. breathing B. breathed C. being breathed D. to breathe
高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. 1. . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1. Associate (交往) with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2. Start a conversation.
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 2. You can always start the conversation first. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3. 3.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4. Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 4. . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5. Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5. Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Be cheerful.
B. Do things together.
C. Do not wait to be spoken to.
D. Try not to find fault with your friends.
E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
高一英语七选五困难题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes (促进) good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. 1. . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
● Associate with (与……交往) others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
● Start a conversation.
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 2. You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
● 3.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together. Hanging out (闲逛) will always be a pleasant experience.
● Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 4. . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
● Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5. Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Do things together.
B. Be cheerful.
C. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
D. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
E. Do not wait to be spoken to.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G. Try not to find fault with your friends.
高一英语信息匹配中等难度题查看答案及解析
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends. Good friendship has many benefits. It offers companionship, improves self-worth and promotes good health. There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leaves us without a friend. 1. . But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage. Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1.Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people. You can go to public places to meet new people. Besides, you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such
places.
2.Start a conversation
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. 2. You can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talks is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3. 3.
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friends together, Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
Let it grow.
4. Stay in touch
It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. 4. . The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5.Enjoy your friendship
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. 5. Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be. Become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A. Be cheerful.
B. Do things together.
C. Do not wait to be spoken to.
D. Try not to find fault with your friends.
E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析