For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many prominent figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.
On Nov 21, the Cambridge Union hosted another extraordinary guest—a non-human debater called Project Debater. Designed by IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen and answer to opposite statements, much like a real person.
In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: Al will ultimately (最终) do more harm than good. Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted (递交) to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.
Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations.”
In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the workplace.
This isn’t the first test for Project Debater. In June 2018, the machine went back-and-forth for 20 minutes against champion debater Harish Natarajan.
According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently (充分地) support them.
Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.” The team hopes to improve the AI by researching why humans find certain arguments more persuasive than others. They also hope the test might provide well-informed viewpoints for society, governments and private companies.
1.What does the underlined word “prominent” mean in paragraph one?
A.Intelligent. B.Outstanding.
C.Well-educated. D.Creative.
2.According to the passage, Project Debater ________.
A.can make decisions for all situations
B.argued with itself in the Cambridge test debate
C.can always find enough evidence to support its idea
D.defeated champion debater Harish Natarajan in June 2018
3.What does Noam Slonim think of the AI?
A.It’s not so beneficial to humans. B.It will defeat humans in time.
C.It remains to be improved. D.It will ultimately do more harm than good.
4.This passage above can be most probably read in ________.
A.a newspaper B.a guidebook
C.a textbook D.a research paper
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题
For two centuries, the famous University of Cambridge debating society has hosted many prominent figures, from world leaders to scientists to comedians.
On Nov 21, the Cambridge Union hosted another extraordinary guest—a non-human debater called Project Debater. Designed by IBM, Project Debater is a machine that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) to form a spoken argument. It can even listen and answer to opposite statements, much like a real person.
In the Cambridge test debate, it argued the topic: Al will ultimately (最终) do more harm than good. Before the debate, more than 1,100 arguments for the positives and negatives of AI were submitted (递交) to the IBM website. The machine then analyzed these sources and formed the basis of its arguments in minutes. Project Debater then showed off its AI by arguing for both sides of the debate.
Over a four-minute speech, it argued first that, “AI can only make decisions that it has been programmed to solve, while humans can be programmed for all situations.”
In support of AI, it then argued that AI would create new jobs and “bring a lot more efficiency” to the workplace.
This isn’t the first test for Project Debater. In June 2018, the machine went back-and-forth for 20 minutes against champion debater Harish Natarajan.
According to New Scientist, on both occasions, Project Debater repeated points and didn’t always sufficiently (充分地) support them.
Speaking to Cambridge Independent, Noam Slonim, the project’s lead engineer, said, “The AI is not perfect, but it’s going in the right direction.” The team hopes to improve the AI by researching why humans find certain arguments more persuasive than others. They also hope the test might provide well-informed viewpoints for society, governments and private companies.
1.What does the underlined word “prominent” mean in paragraph one?
A.Intelligent. B.Outstanding.
C.Well-educated. D.Creative.
2.According to the passage, Project Debater ________.
A.can make decisions for all situations
B.argued with itself in the Cambridge test debate
C.can always find enough evidence to support its idea
D.defeated champion debater Harish Natarajan in June 2018
3.What does Noam Slonim think of the AI?
A.It’s not so beneficial to humans. B.It will defeat humans in time.
C.It remains to be improved. D.It will ultimately do more harm than good.
4.This passage above can be most probably read in ________.
A.a newspaper B.a guidebook
C.a textbook D.a research paper
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
THE BRONTE FAMILY
Yorkshire, England was the setting for two great novels of the 19th century. One of them is Jane Eyre written by Charlotte Bronte.
The Bronte family had three girls and a boy. Charlotte was born in 1816, Emily was born in 1818 and Anne in 1820. Their brother Branwell was born in 1817. The children wrote and told stories and walked over the hills. They grew up largely self-educated. Branwell showed a great interest in drawing. The girls took positions as teachers or taught children in their homes. The girls were determined to earn money for Branwell's art education.
As children, the girls had all written many stories. Charlotte alone wrote 22 books, each with 60 to 100 pages of small handwriting. Therefore, they turned to writing for income. By 1847, Charlotte had written The Professor; Emily, Wuthering Heights; and Anne, Agnes Grey. After much difficulty, Anne and Emily found a publisher (出版商), but there was no interest shown in Charlotte's book. ( It was not published until 1859. ) However, one publisher expressed an interest in seeing more of her work. Jane Eyre was already started, and she hurriedly finished it. It was accepted at once; thus each of the sisters had a book published in 1847.
Jane Eyre was immediately successful; the other two, however, did not do so well. Emily lived only a short while after the publication of her book, and Anne died in 1849.
Charlotte published Shirley in 1849, and Villette in 1853. In 1854 she married Arthur Bell Nicholls. But only a year later, she died of tuberculosis (肺结核) as her sisters had.
1.What did the Bronte sisters want to do for Branwell Bronte?
A. Help him write stories.
B. Help him get trained in art.
C. Teach him how to draw well.
D. Teach him how to educate himself.
2.We know from the text that
A. Jane Eyre was published in 1847
B. Charlotte Bronte wrote 22 books in all
C. the Bronte sisters received good education
D. the father helped his daughters with their writing
3.The underlined words "the other two" in Paragraph 4 refer to ________.
A. Shirley and Villette
B. The Professor and Agnes Grey
C. Agnes Grey and Wuthering Heights
D. The Professor and Wuthering Heights
4.What do we know about the Bronte sisters from the text?
A. Their novels interested few publishers.
B. None of them lived longer than 40 years.
C. Emily was the least successful of the three.
D. None of them had more than two books published.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe production for over half a century.
Since 1928, they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup football heroes, Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story of these two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport hut complained that they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. So they started making their own. In 1920, Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes (钉状物), produced on the Dasslers’s kitchen table.
On 1st July 1924, they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked together for many years. The company became successful, but in 1948, the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened. The result was that Adolph left the company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the family name, Dassler, he founded Adidas. Rudolph also founded and relocated his own company across the River Aurach. At first he wanted to call it Ruda, but finally he called it Puma.
After the big split of 1948, Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and their companies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for many years the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hip hop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called My Adidas and in 2005 Adidas bought Reebok, another big sports shoe company.
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten. Ever since it happened, over sixty years ago, the town has been divided into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Puma employees don’t talk to each other.
1.Why did Adolph and Rudolph start making their own shoes?
A. To play sports. B. To walk around the town.
C. To make a living. D. To show their talent.
2.How long had the two brothers worked in the same company?
A. 20 years. B. 24 years.
C. 16 years. D. 60 years.
3.The underlined word “split” in paragraph 5 is the closest in meaning to “________”.
A. separation B. connection
C. cooperation D. celebration
4.What can we learn from the text?
A. Dassler Brothers Ltd provided Olympic athletes with shoes in 1924.
B. Adidas was named after Adolph’s family name.
C. Run DMC wrote a song in memory of Reebok.
D. The argument has an influence on the two companies even today.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.
The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.
The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society: Open Science. Show the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.
Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the image for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent – the same rate at which a human’s ability to perform the same task declines.
“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. “We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.”
Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human being, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington’s disease, affect this ability.
“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington’s disease, that develop over a long time and affect cognitive abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change,” Morton said.
1.According to the new research, what’s unusual about sheep?
A. They have large brains.
B. They can recognize their owners.
C. They can tell animals from humans.
D. They can recognize human faces from photograph.
2.How did the researchers train the sheep?
A. By guiding them to follow their handlers.
B. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.
C. By giving food rewards.
D. By showing photos of famous people.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.
B. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes.
C. The sheep’s face-recognition ability says the same when shown photos at any angle.
D. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. A New discovery about Sheep. B. How Sheep Recognize Each Other.
C. A Wonderful Scientist. D. The Life of Sheep.
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.
The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.
The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society; Open Science, show the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.
Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the images for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent—the same rate at which a human’s ability to perform the same task declines,
“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent and individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers.” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. “We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, close to those of humans and monkeys.”
Recognizing faces is one of he most important social skills for human beings, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington’s disease, affect this ability.
“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington’s disease that develop over a long time and affect cognitive (认识的) abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.” Morton said.
1.According to the new research, what’s unusual about sheep?
A. They have large brains.
B. They can recognize their owners.
C. They can tell animals from humans.
D. They can recognize human faces from photographs.
2.How did the researchers train the sheep?
A. By giving food rewards.
B. By showing photos of famous people.
C. By guiding them to follow their handlers.
D. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by tums.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.
B. The new discovery is of great benefit to the study of cognitive ability changes.
C. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.
D. The sheep’s face-recognition ability stays the same when shown photos at any angle.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. A Wonderful Scientist.
B. The Life of Sheep.
C. A New Discovery about Sheep.
D. How Sheep Recognize Each Other.
高一英语长对话或独白中等难度题查看答案及解析
According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.
The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.
The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society showed that the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.
Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the image for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent - the same rate at which a human’s ability to perform the same task declines.
“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. “We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.”
Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human being, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington’s disease, affect this ability.
“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington’s disease, which develops over a long time and affects cognitive abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.” Morton said.
1.According to the new research, what’s unusual about sheep?
A. They have large brains.
B. They can recognize their owners.
C. They can recognize human faces from photograph.
D. They can tell animals from humans.
2.How did the researchers train the sheep?
A. By giving food rewards.
B. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.
C. By guiding them to follow their handlers.
D. By showing photos of famous people.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.
B. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.
C. The sheep’s face-recognition ability says the same when shown photos at any angle.
D. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. A Wonderful Scientist B. How Sheep Recognize Each Other
C. A New discovery about Sheep D. The Life of Sheep
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
According to new research from the University of Cambridge in England, sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs.
The farm animals, who are social and have large brains, were previously known to be able to recognize one another, as well as familiar humans. However, their ability to recognize human faces from photos alone is novel.
The recent study, the results of which were published in the journal Royal Society showed that the woolly creatures could be trained to recognize still images of human faces, including those of former President Barack Obama and actress Emma Watson.
Initially, the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards. Later, they were able to recognize the image for which they had been rewarded. The sheep could even recognize images of faces shown at an angle, though their ability to do so declined by about 15 percent – the same rate at which a human’s ability to perform the same task declines.
“Anyone who has spent time working with sheep will know that they are intelligent, individual animals who are able to recognize their handlers,” said Professor Jenny Morton, who led the Cambridge study. “We’ve shown with our study that sheep have advanced face-recognition abilities, comparable with those of humans and monkeys.”
Recognizing faces is one of the most important social skills for human being, and some disorders of the brain, including Huntington’s disease, affect this ability.
“Sheep are long-lived and have brains that are similar in size and complexity to those of some monkeys. That means they can be useful models to help us understand disorders of the brain, such as Huntington’s disease, which develops over a long time and affects cognitive abilities. Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.” Morton said.
1.According to the new research, what’s unusual about sheep?
A. They have large brains.
B. They can recognize their owners.
C. They can recognize human faces from photograph.
D. They can tell animals from humans.
2.How did the researchers train the sheep?
A. By showing photos of famous people.
B. By showing photos of humans and monkeys by turns.
C. By guiding them to follow their handlers.
D. By giving food rewards.
3.What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Sheep have a higher face-recognition ability than monkeys.
B. The sheep’s face-recognition ability may prevent some disorders of the brain.
C. The new discovery is beneficial to the study of cognitive ability changes.
D. The sheep’s face-recognition ability says the same when shown photos at any angle.
4.What’s the best title of the passage?
A. A New discovery about sheep. B. How Sheep Recognize Each Other.
C. A Wonderful Scientist. D. The Life of Sheep.
高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in this century. The disabled writer of A Brief History of Time, was on his second journey to China in Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province. His first ____ was over ten years ago. The great theoretical scientist has been invited to ____ a mathematics research institute at Zhejiang University, Metropolis Newspaper reported. ____ Sunday evening, he made his appearance at a press conference ____ at Shangri-La hotel, Hangzhou. Hawking ____ at about 5: 00 pm with his wife. The elderly man answered a total of nine ____ with the help of his ____. “I find the real universe much more ____ than the one in the film Star Wars,” Hawking joked. “I ____ young people to study theoretical physics first ____ they are interested in it. M But the talented man ____ has produced such rich work suffers from ____ motor neuron disease（运动神经元病）. He is one of the 350,000 sufferers in the world. The disease ____ over 100,000 people every year. “I like life and I love life, my family ,and music give me the ____ happiness,” smiled Hawking, who can ____ move two fingers.
In the speech, Hawking said he was ____ to write a new edition of A Brief History of Time ____ young children. “A Brief History of Time is my first book for ____ people. But I later found that I could write it in a ____ way,” he answered. “So I decided to rewrite it ____ all people can read it easily.” Unfortunately, he left us forever on Marchl4 this year. We remember his words “My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.”
1.A. visit B. tour C. country D. city
2.A. study B. develop C. attend D. work
3.A. Until B. After C. During D. On
4.A. made B. held C. covered D. proved
5.A. appeared B. associated C. advanced D. approached
6.A. specialists B. questions C. listeners D. journalists
7.A. assistant B. servant C. computer D. performer
8.A. dangerous B. disturbing C. terrible D. interesting
9.A. inspire B. amuse C. behave D. entertain
10.A. if B. unless C. although D. before
11.A. he B. who C. which D. what
12.A. false B. serious C. unbelievable D. poor
13.A. affects B. spreads C. kills D. saves
14.A. greatest B. saddest C. worst D. least
15.A. hardly B. gently C. ever D. only
16.A. forced B. delivered C. planned D. scheduled
17.A. for B. of C. with D. off
18.A. common B. scientific C. honored D. wealthy
19.A. proper B. simple C. difficult D. technical
20.A. as if B. as long as C. so that D. even though
高一英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Stephen Hawking is one of the most famous scientists in this century. The disabled writer of A Brief History of Time, was on his second journey to China in Hangzhou of Zhejiang Province. His first _______ was over ten years ago. The great theoretical scientist has been invited to _______ a mathematics research institute at Zhejiang University, Metropolis Newspaper reported. _______ Sunday evening, he made his appearance at a press conference _______ at Shangri-La hotel, Hangzhou. Hawking _______ at about 5: 00 pm with his wife. The elderly man answered a total of nine _______ with the help of his _______. “I find the real universe much more _______ than the one in the film Star Wars,” Hawking joked. “I _______ young people to study theoretical physics first __________ they are interested in it. But the talented man __________ has produced such rich work suffers from __________ motor neuron disease（运动神经元病）. He is one of the 350,000 sufferers in the world. The disease __________ over 100,000 people every year. “I like life and I love life, my family, and music give me the __________ happiness,” smiled Hawking, who can __________ move two fingers.
In the speech, Hawking said he was __________ to write a new edition of A Brief History of Time __________ young children. “A Brief History of Time is my first book for __________ people. But I later found that I could write it in a __________ way,” he answered. “So I decided to rewrite it __________ all people can read it easily.” Unfortunately, he left us forever on March 14 this year. We remember his words “My goal is simple. It is a complete understanding of the universe, why it is as it is and why it exists at all.”
1.A. visit B. tour C. country D. city
2.A. study B. develop C. attend D. work
3.A. Until B. After C. During D. On
4.A. made B. held C. covered D. proved
5.A. appeared B. associated C. advanced D. approached
6.A. specialists B. questions C. listeners D. journalists
7.A. assistant B. servant C. computer D. performer
8.A. dangerous B. disturbing C. terrible D. interesting
9.A. inspire B. amuse C. behave D. entertain
10.A. if B. unless C. although D. before
11.A. he B. who C. which D. what
12.A. false B. serious C. unbelievable D. poor
13.A. affects B. spreads C. kills D. saves
14.A. greatest B. saddest C. worst D. least
15.A. hardly B. gently C. ever D. only
16.A. forced B. delivered C. planned D. scheduled
17.A. for B. of C. with D. off
18.A. common B. scientific C. honored D. wealthy
19.A. proper B. simple C. difficult D. technical
20.A. as if B. as long as C. so that D. even though
高一英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
When it comes to the most famous 20th century painters of the United States , Grandma Moses should be mentioned，although she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies．As she once said to herself：" I would never sit back in a rocking chair，waiting for someone to help me．" No one could have had a more active old age．
She was born on a farm in New York State，one of five boys and five girls．At 12 she left home and was in domestic service until at 27 she married Thomas Moses，the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State, at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived；her husband died in 1927．
Grandma Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery(刺绣) pictures as a hobby，but only changed to oils in old age because her hands became too stiff(僵硬的) to sew and she still wanted to keep busy and pass the time．Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought all that she painted．Three of the pictures were exhibited(展览) in the Museum of Modern Art，and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York．Between the 1930's and her death，she produced some 2,000 pictures：careful and lively portrayals of the country life she had known for so long，with a wonderful sense of color and form．"I think really hard till I think of something really pretty，and then I paint it" she said．
1.What does Para 2 mainly talk about?
A. Moses and her children B. Moses and her childhood
C. An introduction to Moses’ life D. An introduction to Moses’ marriage
2.What did Grandma Moses spent most of her life doing?
A. embroidering B. painting
C. nursing D. farming
3.The underlined word “portrayals ” in last paragraph means________．
A. directions B. Descriptions
C. surveys D. stages
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？
A. Grandma Moses and Her Pictures．
B. Grandma Moses: A Woman Pioneer of 20th century
C. Grandma Moses and Her Exhibition．
D. Grandma Moses：The Best Painter of 20th century
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析