Two new studies suggest that modern running s...

Two new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries（损伤）to runners.

One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were watched on a running machine. Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot（赤脚）.

Researchers from the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study. They found that running shoes create more stress that could hurt knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They watched that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels（高跟鞋）. The study appeared in an official scientific magazine.

The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow. They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.

Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they feel relaxed when landing and avoid hitting their heel hard.

Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.

But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.

The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.

1.Why do running shoes increase the risk of injuries to runners?

A.Runners usually land on the front of the foot first.

B.They’re much bigger and heavier than high heels.

C.They have a big effect on the way the runners run.

D.Runners always run in small size running shoes.

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A.No one will run with running shoes in the future.

B.High heels’ design is better than running shoes’.

C.Runners won’t be injured if they run barefoot.

D.Most running shoes are designed improperly.

3.What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage?

A.To explain why people like running with running shoes.

B.To show running without shoes is of benefit to runners.

C.To encourage all the runners to try to run barefoot now.

D.To help people know the feelings of running with shoes.

九年级英语阅读单选困难题查看答案及解析

A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more likely they are to develop depression (抑郁症) as young adults.

The researchers used a national long-term survey of healthy young teenagers of about 13—16 to find out the relationship between media(媒体) use and depression. They based their findings on more than 4000 young teenagers who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995.

As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Here was the result. The young people spent five and a half hours a day using media and more than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV.

Seven years later, in 2001, more than 7% of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression.

The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use.

Doctor Primack says the study did not find out if watching TV causes depression directly. But one possibility, he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and social activities. It might also prevent a person from sleeping well, he says, and that could have an influence.

The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Researchers from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, attend social services and to vote.

九年级英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

阅读下文并回答问题。

A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television,the more likely they are to develop depression(抑郁症)as young adults.

The researchers used a national long-term survey of healthy young teenagers of about 13—16 to find out the relationship between media use and depression.They based their findings on more than 4000 young teenagers who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995.

As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily.They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio.Here was the result.

The young people spent five and a half hours a day using media and more than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV.

Seven years later,in 2001,more than 7% of the young people had signs of depression.The average age at that time was 21.Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study.He says　　 every extra hour of television meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression.

The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies,video games or radio.But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use.

Doctor Primack says the study did not find out if watching TV causes depression directly.But one possibility,he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and social activities. It might also prevent a person from sleeping well, he says, and that could have an influence.

The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Researchers from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active,to read, attend social services and to vote.

1.According to the study,were young women more likely than young men to develop depression given the same Amount of media use?

2.What was the purpose of the research?

3.What could help prevent depression according to Doctor Primack?

4.If you are a parent,will you allow your child to watch TV more than 2 hours a day?Why or Why not?

九年级英语回答问题困难题查看答案及解析

It sounds almost too good to be true, but a new study on sleeping brains suggests that listening to languages while you sleep can actually help you to learn them.

For the study, researchers played recordings of foreign words and their translations to students who were enjoying slow-wave sleep. During this period, a person has little knowledge of their environment. To make sure that the results were not compromised by foreign language words that students may have had some connection with at some point in their waking lives, researchers made up the words which cannot be found in the foreign language at all.

When the students woke up, they were presented with the made-up words again without their translations. The students were then asked to imagine whether this made-up word showed an object that was either smaller or larger. This vague (not very clear) way of testing their understanding of the words is a method that is supposed to make use of the unconscious (无意识的) memory.

The researchers were surprised to find out that the students were able to correctly group the words in this way. And their accuracy rate (精确度) was 10 percent higher than accidental chance. That’s not a rate high enough to help them get ability of communicating with others in a foreign language, but it is enough to suggest that the brain is still taking in information on some level, even during sleep.

It has been long believed that sleep is important for memory, but before this research its role in memory was thought to relate only to the preservation (保存) and organization of memories that students got during wakefulness. This is the first time that memory formation ( 形 成 ) has been shown to be active during sleep. In other words, our brains are listening to the world, and learning about it, even when we are unconscious of what is happening around us.

The next step for researchers will be to see whether new information can be learned quicker during wakefulness if it was already presented during sleep. If so, it could forever change how we train our brains to learn new things. Sleep learning might become a widespread practice.

1.The word “compromised” in Paragraph 2 probably means “　　 ”.

A.influenced B.depended C.finished D.studied

2.What were the students asked to do in the study?

A.Group the words they heard by size. B.Repeat the words they heard in the sleep.

C.Imagine the meaning of the made-up words. D.Make up a word to describe “large” or “small”.

3.The researchers probably agree that　　 .

A.sleep is necessary for a good memory B.memory formation goes on during sleep

C.listening during sleep is good for our health D.learning languages in sleep has better effects

4.What will be the researchers’ next plan?

A.To train people how to learn during sleep.

B.To dig out the reason for unconscious learning.

C.To explain the benefits of unconscious memory.

D.To study the effect of sleep learning on conscious learning.

九年级英语阅读单选困难题查看答案及解析

Imagine having a printer that could make anything. Need new shoes? Just choose a style and size and then print some.

No machine can make all of these things, but 3-D printers are getting very close. Traditional printers put ink on paper. But 3-D printers work with plastic, metal or other materials, including food. Invented in the mid-1980s, 3-D printing is a new technology (技术).

In the past, 3-D printers were so expensive that only large companies could afford them. In the last one or two years, their cost has dropped greatly. Today, you can buy a 3-D printer for as little as $300. The technology offers the potential (可能性) to print anything at home. When you want something, you needn’t buy it in a store or order it from a factory.

3-D printing can be fun too. For the Valentine’s Day (情人节) last year, a Japanese company used a 3-D printer to make chocolate copies of people’s faces. At the Fashion Week in Paris, 3-D printing made an appearance too. The clothes were made for show, not for everyday use. But that could soon change. A designer says, “It will only be a matter of time before we see the clothing we wear today produced with this technology.”

九年级英语填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

六、任务型阅读。（共10小题，每小题1分，计10分）

A new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television, the more likely they are to develop depression (抑郁症) as young adults.

The researchers used a national long-term survey of healthy young teenagers of about 13-16 to find out the relationship between media (媒体) use and depression. They based their findings on more than 4000 young teenagers who were not depressed when the survey began in 1995.

As part of the survey, the young people were asked how many hours of television or videos they watched daily. They were also asked how often they played computer games and listened to the radio. Here was the result. The young people spent five and a half hours a day using media and more than 2 hours of that was spent watching TV.

Seven years later, in 2001, more than 7% of the young people had signs of depression. The average age at that time was 21. Brian Primack at the University of Pittsburgh medical school was the lead author of the new study. He says every extra hour of television meant an 8% increase in the chances of developing signs of depression.

The researchers say they did not find any such relationship with the use of other media such as movies, video games or radio. But the study did find that young men were more likely than young women to develop depression given the same amount of media use.

Doctor Primack says the study did not find out if watching TV causes depression directly. But one possibility, he says, is that it may take time away from activities that could help prevent depression, like sports and social activities. It might also prevent a person from sleeping well, he says, and that could have an influence.

The study was just published in the Archives of General Psychiatry.

In December, the journal Social Indicators Research published a study of activities that help lead to happy lives. Researchers from the University of Maryland found that people who describe themselves as happy spend less time watching television than unhappy people. The study found that happy people are more likely to be socially active, to read, attend social services and to vote.

A

阅读以上信息，用恰当的词完成下面短文，每空一词。

The purpose of the research is to find out the 1. between media use and depression. At the2.of the research, a survey was made among over 4000 young people who were not depressed. Seven years later, researchers found 7% of the young people had a sign of depression. Every extra hour of watching TV meant an 8% increase in the 3. of developing signs of depression. Here are the4.of the research. Firstly, Watching TV might help prevent depression and it may take time away from activities and sports. Secondly, Young men get more chance than young women to develop depression. Thirdly, The5.that some people get depression is that they spend more time watching television.

九年级英语任务型阅读简单题查看答案及解析

New research suggests that growing trees and other plants near factories could reduce pollution by almost one- third.

More plant life may even cost less and be more effective (有效的) than technology designed to cut pollution, a new study found. Researchers collected data about air pollution and plant life in 48 cities. They studied public records from every city.

The researchers knew that trees and plants are taking in large amounts of harmful air. So they tried to find out whether new plants could reduce air pollution.

The study tried to show how this vegetation (植被) could reduce the pollution, including the production of energy from coal, oil and gas. The researchers found that growing plants, where possible, could cut air pollution by about 27 percent in the areas studied. They also found that in 75 percent of the areas, it would cost less to use plants and trees to reduce air pollution than to add new air cleaning technology.

"The fact is that traditionally, especially as engineers, we don't think about nature," Dr. Bakshi, said. "We just focus on putting technology into everything."

"To solve air pollution problems, people need to start learning from the nature and respecting it," Bakshi said. He added that nature-based methods could result in "win-win" solutions that save money and are better for the environment.

The study couldn't tell which kinds of trees or plants would be best at reducing air pollution. But Bakshi said they might make a difference in air quality, so further study is needed.

The researchers said that more trees and plants could help lower air pollution levels in both cities and rural areas. However, success rates (比率) would be different depending on how much land can be used and its air quality levels.

1.The researchers found that plants were ________ air cleaning technology.

A.better than B.worse than C.as cheap as D.as good as

2.Most engineers think ________ is more important in reducing air pollution.

A.nature B.cost C.location D.technology

3.What do "win-win" solutions refer to in Paragraph 6?

A.Building more factories to develop technology.

B.Reducing air pollution with less money.

C.Saving more money by developing technology.

D.Developing technology and reducing pollution.

4.What can we learn from the passage?

A.1/3 of the pollution can be reduced by technology.

B.The study has found out the most effective plants.

C.Plants improve the air quality in cities and the country.

D.Air quality levels mainly decide the success rates.

九年级英语阅读单选中等难度题查看答案及解析

A new study shows that workers should take their full vacation time. There are two reasons. First, when workers take breaks, they are less stressed (有压力的) and happier on the job. Second, workers will actually work harder when they come back. The study says that managers should take their full vacation time too. That’s because if workers see their managers at work all the time, they think they are expected to do the same.

Canadians are usually offered two to three weeks of paid vacation (带薪假期) when they start a job. However, one fourth of Canadian workers don’t take their full vacation time because they are afraid of having too much work to do when they get back. And most of them think they will be better workers in their managers’ eyes by 　　 ▲　　 .

In the USA, the situation is even worse. Over a half of working Americans don’t use all of their vacation time. One of the biggest reasons is that they have too much work. It’s surprising that the United States is the only developed country in the world without a law (法规) to make employers (雇主) offer their workers paid vacation. Some other countries, for example, Germany, Australia and Japan, make employers offer their workers at least four weeks of paid vacation.

1.According to the new study, it’s ______ for both workers and managers to take full vacation time.

A. bad　　 B. easy

C. helpful　　 D. impossible

2.Which of the following can be put in 　　 ▲　　 ?

A. asking for less

B. working at home

C. taking less vacation time

D. listening to them all the time

3.Many working Americans don’t take full vacation time. What’s the main reason?

A. They love their jobs a lot.

B. There’s too much work to do.

C. They want to make more money.

D. Their managers are always working.

4.Alice, a Canadian, has got a job in Germany. The job should include at least ______ paid vacation.

A. four weeks’　　 B. three weeks’

C. two weeks’　　 D. one week’s

5.The above reading is probably ______.

A. a story　　 B. a notice

C. a play　　 D. a piece of news

九年级英语阅读单选中等难度题查看答案及解析

—Could you please tell me　　　 ?

—Yes. He came to study here just last month.

A. that he is a new student　　 B. when did he come here

C. if she likes English best　　 D. whether he is a new student

九年级英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Modern science suggests that a healthy lifestyle matters much to how long you can live and how well you live. 1..

Keep a scientific diet. 2.. Eating too much sugar is one of the main reasons for getting fat. A diet that has too much protein(蛋白质） or fat and too little fiber(纤维) can also lead to getting fat. We need only a few grams of protein every day to keep our body in order.

Be always in a good mood. There is a relationship between the mood(心情） and health. A good mood keeps you in high spirits.3.. Take a look at some online shops, enjoy music and movies and chat with some good friends. Just keep happy.

Enough sleep. Two studies show the reasons why teens and adults don’t have enough sleep. 4.; with adults, it’s work. A third study of young children shows that not having enough sleep in early life may lead to serious problems in future. Everyone needs at least 8-hour sleep to get over tiredness and the hurt caused by hard work in the daytime.

Proper exercise.5.. You may not have time to do exercise every day, but at least three times a week and 45 minutes each time.

根据材料内容，将下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整，并将其标号填写在下面题号后的横线上。

A. Thanks to the internet, we can enjoy and learn much without going out

B. With teens, a main reason is mobile phone use

C. Do exercise to keep away from fatness

D. Here are some tips for you to form a healthy lifestyle

E. Keep in mind that sugar can be removed from our diet completely

九年级英语补全短文5选5中等难度题查看答案及解析