The world’s first hydrogen-powered (氢动力的) trains have begun running in Germany. They began carrying passengers on Monday in Germany’s northern Lower Saxony state. The new trains will run 100-kilometre trips and can travel up to 140 kilometers per hour.
A French railroad company called Alstom built the two trains. Teams in Germany and France worked together on the project, which was supported by the German government. The new train model, called the Coradia iLint, signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel (柴油) trains.
The Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified train lines with low levels of noise. It uses a process that combines hydrogen with oxygen to produce electrical power. If the system produces more energy than the train needs at that time, it can store the extra energy in batteries. The only emissions (排放物) are water and steam.
Hydrogen-powered trains cost more than diesel trains to build. But Alstom officials say the operating costs are much lower. The company plans to provide another 14 Coradia iLint trains to Lower Saxony by 2021.
The head of railroad operations in the area, Carmen Schwabl, praised replacing diesel trains with hydrogen-powered trains. She said the move was an important first step in using clean-burning technologies to reach climate protection goals.
Alstom says several other European countries have also expressed interest in developing hydrogen train systems. France have already said it wants its first hydrogen train to be on the rails by 2022.
1.Why did Germany build the new trains?
A.To replace diesel trains.
B.To carry more passengers.
C.To make traveling much faster.
D.To improve the relationship with France.
2.What is one advantage (优势) of hydrogen-powered trains over diesel trains?
A.They are cheaper to build.
B.They cost much less to run.
C.They don’t use electrical power.
D.They run without making any noise.
3.What can we know about hydrogen trains?
A.They are widely used nowadays.
B.They are environmentally friendly.
C.They can contribute to air pollution.
D.They can produce water and oxygen.
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A.Saving Natural Resources
B.Efforts to Reduce Emissions
C.A New Way to Make Electricity
D.The World’s First Hydrogen Trains
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题
The world’s first hydrogen-powered (氢动力的) trains have begun running in Germany. They began carrying passengers on Monday in Germany’s northern Lower Saxony state. The new trains will run 100-kilometre trips and can travel up to 140 kilometers per hour.
A French railroad company called Alstom built the two trains. Teams in Germany and France worked together on the project, which was supported by the German government. The new train model, called the Coradia iLint, signals the beginning of efforts in Germany and other nations to move away from pollution-producing diesel (柴油) trains.
The Coradia iLint is designed to run on non-electrified train lines with low levels of noise. It uses a process that combines hydrogen with oxygen to produce electrical power. If the system produces more energy than the train needs at that time, it can store the extra energy in batteries. The only emissions (排放物) are water and steam.
Hydrogen-powered trains cost more than diesel trains to build. But Alstom officials say the operating costs are much lower. The company plans to provide another 14 Coradia iLint trains to Lower Saxony by 2021.
The head of railroad operations in the area, Carmen Schwabl, praised replacing diesel trains with hydrogen-powered trains. She said the move was an important first step in using clean-burning technologies to reach climate protection goals.
Alstom says several other European countries have also expressed interest in developing hydrogen train systems. France have already said it wants its first hydrogen train to be on the rails by 2022.
1.Why did Germany build the new trains?
A.To replace diesel trains.
B.To carry more passengers.
C.To make traveling much faster.
D.To improve the relationship with France.
2.What is one advantage (优势) of hydrogen-powered trains over diesel trains?
A.They are cheaper to build.
B.They cost much less to run.
C.They don’t use electrical power.
D.They run without making any noise.
3.What can we know about hydrogen trains?
A.They are widely used nowadays.
B.They are environmentally friendly.
C.They can contribute to air pollution.
D.They can produce water and oxygen.
4.Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A.Saving Natural Resources
B.Efforts to Reduce Emissions
C.A New Way to Make Electricity
D.The World’s First Hydrogen Trains
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
You must have missed the first train yesterday, ________ you?
A. weren’t B. didn’t C. mustn’t D. haven’t
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant(移植)--- giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.
Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.
“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.
The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. Such injuries are “extremely difficult, if not impossible” to repair using normal surgical techniques, the statement said.
The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.
The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard, a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants.
Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity(敏感) to foreign tissue.
Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality
There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.
Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral(道德的)and ethical(伦理的)issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of thee transplant.
1.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A. French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant
B. First Face Transplant Opens Debate
C. Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant
D. A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman
2.Why did the woman need such an operation?
A. Her face had been bitten by a dog
B. Her face had been burnt in a fire.
C. She was born especially ugly
D. She wanted to test such an operation.
3.What can we learn about the operation?
A. The woman had used the dead woman' s whole face.
B. There has arisen(引起) a debate about the operation.
C. The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.
D. Such transplants have been performed by doctors.
4.Which of the following is NOT one of the risks of the operation?
A. Block of blood vessels. B. Organ rejection
C. Heart damage. D. Side effect of the drugs
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
French surgeons have performed what they said on Wednesday was the world's first partial face transplant--- giving a new nose, chin and lips to a woman attacked by a dog.
Specialists from two French hospitals carried out the operation on a 38-year-old woman on Sunday in the northern city of Amiens by taking the face from a brain-dead woman, who had hanged herself just hours before the operation. Her family agreed on the operation.
“The patient is in an excellent state and the transplant looks normal,” the hospitals said in a brief statement after waiting three days to announce the pioneering surgery.
The woman had been left without a nose and lips after the dog attacked her last May, and was unable to talk or chew properly. Such injuries are “extremely difficult, if not impossible” to repair using normal surgical techniques, the statement said.
The statement did not say what the woman would look like when she had fully recovered, but medical experts said she was unlikely to resemble the woman who had been the source of her new face.
The operation was led by Jean-Michel Dubernard, a specialist from a hospital in Lyon who has also carried out hand transplants,
Skin transplants have long been used to treat burns and other injuries, but operations around the mouth and nose have been considered very difficult because of the area's high sensitivity to foreign tissue.
Teams in France, the United States and Britain had been developing techniques to make face transplants a reality
There was a short-term risk for the patient if blood vessels became blocked, a medium-term danger of her body rejecting the new skin and a long-term possibility that the drugs used could cause cancers.
Experts say that although such medical advances should be celebrated, the transplant had thrown up moral(道德的)and ethical(伦理的)issues. Little is known about the psychological effect of the transplant.
1.The best title for the passage would be ________.
A. French Woman has First Partial Face Transplant
B. First Face Transplant Opens Debate
C. Risks and Ethical Problems of a Face Transplant
D. A Complete Face Transplant of a French Woman
2.Why did the woman need such an operation?
A. Her face had been bitten by a dog
B. Her face had been burnt in a fire.
C. She was born especially ugly
D. She wanted to test such an operation.
3.The underlined word "resemble" means ________.
A. to remember forever
B. to recognize immediately
C. to set as an example
D. to present similarity or likeness to
4.What can we learn about the operation?
A. The woman had used the dead woman' s whole face.
B. There has arisen a debate about the operation.
C. The woman will suffer from psychological damage soon.
D. Such transplants have been performed by doctors.
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce human-like milk.
Genetic engineering was used to introduce the "mothers’milk" genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.
As an adult, the cloned cow "will produce milk that is similar to that of humans", which will prove "a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(婴儿)", said the institute. "The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first in the world with two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk," said the statement.
In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk. But the Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene, while their research involved two, meaning the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.
“Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows’milk by adding two human genes, which do good to the immune system of infants,” said Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute.
Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute made all Argentines proud. She also said that she had rejected the "honor" of having the cow named after her. "They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.”
1.What is the passage mainly about?
A. The importance of genetic engineering.
B. Ways to improve mothers’ milk.
C. A cloned cow to produce human-like milk.
D. Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina.
2.Which of the following can best replace “more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4?
A. have more varieties than
B. be more similar to
C. have more nutrition than
D. be more different from
3.What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner’s statements?
A. She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute.
B. She considered it an honor to name the special cow.
C. She felt it improper to be named after the cow.
D. She refused to give a name to the cow out of self-respect.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow to own two human genes that will enable it to produce human-like milk, which is matchless up to now. It is a breakthrough in the area of clone.
Genetic engineering was used to introduce the "mothers’ milk" genes into the animal before birth, according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires.
As an adult, the cloned cow "will produce milk that is similar to humans" in what will prove "a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants", it said in a statement.
"The cloned cow, named Rosita ISA, is the first one born in the world that owns two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk," the statement said.
In April, scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created GM Holstein dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk.
But the Argentine team says the Chinese only introduced one human gene, whereas their research involved two genes meaning the milk will more closely resemble that of humans.
Rosita ISA was born on April 6 and was delivered by Caesarean section because she weighed around 100 pounds, roughly twice the normal weight of Jersey cows.
Adrian Mutto, from the National University of San Martin said "Our goal was to raise nutritional value of cows’ milk by adding two human genes, the protein lactoferrin and lysozyme, which can provide newly-born babies with anti-bacterial and anti-viral protection."
Cristina Kirchner, President of Argentina, said that the scientific institute "makes all proud.” She also revealed that she had rejected the "honor" of having the cow named after her. "They came to tell me that the name is Cristina, but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more appropriate to call it Rosita.”
1.What can we know about Rosita ISA according to the passage?
A. It is as heavy as Jersey cows.
B. It is the first cow with a human gene.
C. Its milk has the same proteins as human breast milk.
D. Its milk has larger nutritional value than others’.
2. Lactoferrin and lysozyme in milk ______.
A. are good for babies’ health
B. help provide more milk from cow
C. can increase the production of milk
D. can offer more proteins in cow milk
3.We can infer from the last paragraph that ______.
A. it is hard to name the cow
B. honorable as it is, no women like the cow named after them
C. the president wants the cow named after her
D. Cristina Kirchner objects to creating the cloned cow
4.What would be the best title of the passage?
A. Scientists in Argentina could produce human milk
B. The cloned cow would bring about benefits
C. Scientists create cow that produces "human" milk
D. How was the cloned cow born?
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In the fall of 2017, when Paula Aldridge needed to get a job, she found herself at a crossroads. The 50-year-old wasn’t sure she would ever work again, due to health issues.
But Aldridge’s life and career journey started to turn around after she connected with Goodwill of Central Iowa’s skills (技能) training programs. These programs aim to help people develop the specific, real-world skills they need to get and keep a job, through a combination of detailed teaching and hands-on experience.
When Aldridge first connected with Goodwill in September 2017, she was having trouble finding a job. Transportation was challenging, as she didn’t have a driver’s license or own a car. Aldridge also had a limited work history with long employment gaps (间断) , meaning she missed the chances to learn important skills, such as working a credit card machine. Besides, her physical health issues were also a problem.
According to Kayleigh Duff, a career specialist at Goodwill of Central Iowa, the biggest difficulty Aldridge had to overcome was from within. “She said outwardly that she had all of this confidence and that she knew how strong a worker she was, but I don’t think she truly believed it herself.”
Thankfully, many people offer Aldridge encouragement and guidance. She first started off in the food service training program but was eager to enter the retail (零售) skills program, since she had worked at the Salvation Army and Subway before. When Aldridge mentioned her interest in retail, Duff recognized that her go-getting attitude would be perfect for the program.
The seven-week retail skills training is a systematic program combining classroom teaching with on- the-job experience at a Goodwill store. As Aldridge graduated from the program, she became more confident in her abilities.
Duff said it was great to see how Aldridge grew into the devoted worker she is today. “She has this strong desire, this longing to succeed. And she knows that she’s able to do that, although she has fallen short in the past.”
1.What can be learned about Goodwill’s training programs?
A.They combine theory with practice.
B.They will surely find a good job for people in the program.
C.They are designed mainly for the unemployed.
D.They were set up in the autumn of 2017.
2.What was the biggest problem Aldridge faced according to Duff?
A.Poor health.
B.Poor working skills.
C.Without enough confidence.
D.Not having a driver’s license.
3.Why did Aldridge change her training program?
A.She wanted to attend a more systematic program.
B.She wanted to get some hands-on experience.
C.She was more interested in retail.
D.She followed Duff’s advice.
4.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.A 50-year-old devotes herself to Goodwill.
B.Goodwill helps a 50-year-old turn her life around.
C.Goodwill training programs spring up around the world.
D.Success is closely connected to good training programs.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
Upon first look, the world of business is no place for young women. And many people have told my cofounders and me that in many circumstances. Pessimistic though people are about women’s chances in conducting business, three of us female college students, without any experiences, started our business with a greatly aggressive goal: to set up a seaweed farm in North Carolina and grow as much seaweed as possible to help cut down carbon emissions (排放) and pollution filled with nutrition from agricultural activities.
In the beginning, our ideas were either ignored or mocked by the researchers from whom we sought help and advice. But we carried on with our research–if others wouldn’t provide us with answers, we weren’t afraid to try to work them out by ourselves. We experiment on species which could grow in warmer waters, and we had identified potential markets into which we planned to sell the product. We've spent the last two years setting up the first seaweed farm in NC, applying for a patent (专利) and competing with five final teams in front of the United Nations for 2 million.
Despite all of our efforts, many industry experts remained unwilling to take us seriously. But as often happens in business, the same characteristics we were ignored for were, in reality, our biggest competitive advantage. Our age gave us the strength to learn from failure, and our background as environmental scientists, rather than businesswomen, helped us find new marketing opportunities. For every 10 farmers who claimed nobody would ever want to feed their cows seaweed, we found one who was interested. For every 15 cosmetics producers who refused to answer our cold calls, we stuck to the one with an interesting idea for a seaweed lotion.
Over the course of our early business development efforts, we have had access to a wealth of resources, programs, and individuals who work constantly to help us succeed. By staying focused on bringing our ideas to light, our team has demonstrated that entrepreneurship (创业) is exactly the right place for the hopeful.
1.What was the major cause for their difficulty in starting business?
A.They were women. B.They were young.
C.They lacked experience. D.They suffered prejudice.
2.What did they do to make their business successful?
A.They expanded their seaweed farms.
B.They experimented on seaweed species.
C.They got their product officially recognized.
D.They consulted the United Nations.
3.What is the third paragraph mainly about?
A.How they got others interested in seaweed.
B.How they succeeded from their so-called weaknesses.
C.How they made themselves more competitive.
D.How they approached potential customers.
4.Which of the following can best describe the three women?
A.Innocent and simple-minded. B.Ambitious and self-centered.
C.Adventurous and persistent. D.Courageous and stubborn.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
“Volunteering makes you look at the world differently. You see how little things can change a person’s life for the better, which makes everyone a better person.” Mason, a volunteer said.
National Volunteer Week started in 1974 and is held every April. It is a time to thank volunteers for their achievements. It is also a perfect opportunity to encourage others to take their first step to becoming a volunteer. Making the decision to take the first step can be the biggest problem, because they often wonder if they will be able to meet the organisation’s expections. Some people fear not knowing anyone else in the group. Not having enough time also prevents some from sharing their abilities.
The following tips can help if you have some of these worries.
●Start out slowly, don’t add too much pressure. Even a few hours a month can make a big difference in someone’s life.
●Choose an organization with the same interests and common values.
●Take part in a training meeting for new volunteers, even if it is not asked.
●Work with a veteran volunteer. He volunteered a lot, he can help you increase the confidence and completely understand the organisation’s expections.
●Invite a friend or family member to serve. It is a good experience to volunteer with them.
●Finally, it is most important to enjoy the volunteer experience and to remember that not all volunteer experiences are perfect. If one experience doesn’t work, don’t give up and you’ll surely find the right opportunity.
Spend some time on volunteer work and you will see great changes in people’s lives. As Mason discovered during his volunteer experience, “…little things can change a person’s life.”
1.Volunteering can help______.
A.make a decision B.make a person’s life better
C.thank other people D.see the world clearly
2.What could be the reason to stop people taking the first step?
A.They don’t have enough time. B.They are prevented by their families.
C.They fear their abilities are shared. D.They don’t expect to become volunteers.
3.Which of the following can help people take the first step?
A.Start out quickly. B.Organize a training meeting.
C.Invite a friend to be with them. D.Join in a group with different values.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.To tell people to make changes in their lives.
B.To encourage people to start their volunteering.
C.How to make great achievements in volunteering.
D.How to keep on volunteering whatever happened.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
He is one of the world-famous musicians. By the time he was six, he ______ composing.
A. had begun B. begins C. would begin D. was beginning
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析