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Cancer signs differ depending on which part of the body is affected by a tumour（肿瘤）. It’s been said that your height could shows whether you’re at risk of a deadly tumour. Are you more likely to get cancer if you’re tall or short?
Cancer is a deadly condition that is caused by cells growing and reproducing uncontrollably. These cancerous cells can destroy the surrounding healthy cells and organs. Having an unhealthy diet, smoking and not doing enough regular exercise are all risk factors（因素）for cancer.
But people are also more likely to develop cancer if they’re taller. Dr Leonard Nunney, from the University of California Riverside said taller people are more at risk of several different types of cancer.
“For every 10cm in height, the risk increases by about 13 percent for women, and about 11 percent for men,” he said. “The link may be caused by taller people having more cells in the body. One of the major assumptions was that something happening early in life was making your cells easier to suffer from cancer and causing you to be tall incidentally.” Nunney told The Guardian.
“It is not quite right that cancer comes from an unhealthy diet or the fact that your parents happen to be tall. Actually, only a large number of cells cause that to come about. Taller people have an increased cell division rate, which could increase the risk of cancer,” warned Nunney.
However, Cancer Research UK said people didn’t need to worry about their height. A number of studies over the years have shown that taller people seem to have a little higher risk of cancer. This study suggests it’s because taller people are made of more cells, so there’s more potential for one of them to go wrong and become cancerous. But the increased risk is small and there’s plenty you can do to reduce the risk of developing cancer such as not smoking and keeping a healthy weight.
1.Who is more likely to develop cancer?
A.A person who is too short.
B.A person with a light diet.
C.A person whose parents are shorter than others.
D.A person who takes little exercise.
2.What can we infer from Nunney’s view?
A.Shorter people have more cells in their body.
B.Men are more likely to get cancer than women.
C.Taller people are more likely to develop some kinds of cancer.
D.Women are more concerned about their health than men.
3.What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 5 refer to?
A.The right B.Diet. C.A number. D.Cancer.
4.Which of the following does Cancer Research UK agree with?
A.More and more people are suffering from cancer.
B.People can form a good habit to reduce the risk of developing cancer.
C.People should control their height to reduce the risk of having cancer.
D.More and more people are focusing on their height.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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[1] It happens countless times a day. A flower’s bright color and the smell of sweet nectar (花蜜) attract a bee. The bee stops by for a quick taste and small grains of pollen (the powder produced by a flower) stick to its body. The bee then travels to another flower of the same type and leaves the pollen as it has another meal. This is an example of animal pollination (授粉) — a process extremely important to plant reproduction.
[2] It’s not only plants that depend on animal pollination — humans do, too. Worldwide, nearly a thousand plants that we grow for food, spices, clothing fibers, and medicine depend on it. If pollination suddenly stopped, we would have no apples, tomatoes, coffee, and many other goods.
[3] This important process is carried out by more than 200,000 different animal species known as pollinators. Flies and beetles - the original pollinators - date back 130 million years to the first flowering plants. Birds, butterflies, and ants also do their part. Even nonflying mammals help out: monkeys tear open flowers with their hands, accidentally spreading pollen into the air and onto their fur.
[4] Pollinators are therefore important, but they are also at risk. Climate change, habitat loss, and invasive predators (入侵捕食者) all threaten them. The United States, for example, has lost over 50 percent of its honeybees over the past ten years. A serious threat facing bees is colony collapse disorder, when worker bees mysteriously disappear from their colony. Scientists are still trying to identify its cause.
[5] There is a quote attributed to Einstein that if bees ever disappeared, man would only have four years left to live. Whether that’s true or not does not really matter, says wildlife photographer Louie Schwartzberg: the key point is that there is a real danger. “The healthiest food we need to eat,” he says, “would disappear without pollinating plants. It’s pretty serious.”
1.What might be left on flower B, as is shown in the picture?
A.Nectar.
B.Pollen.
C.Leaves.
D.Fur.
2.What can be inferred from the text?
A.Pollination means a lot to fruits and grains.
B.Nearly a thousand plants depend on pollination.
C.Monkeys are the only nonflying mammal pollinators.
D.There are more than 20,000 different species of pollinators.
3.What threat are honeybees faced with?
A.Climate change. B.Habitat loss.
C.Invasive predators. D.Colony collapse disorder.
4.What does the underlined “a real danger” in the last paragraph refer to?
A.Bees are disappearing. B.Humans can only survive 4 years.
C.Food shortage is serious. D.No pollinating plants, no healthy food.
5.Which might be the best title?
A.The Importance of Pollinators B.The Creator of Nature
C.The Wonder of Reproduction D.The Secret Life of Bees
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Is It a Healthy Interest?
The Guinness Book of World Records describes Ranulph Fiennes as the world’s greatest living explorer. His journeys include the first polar circumnavigation (极地环行) and the first unsupported crossing of the Antarctic continent on foot. So when he suffered a heart attack, it came as something of a surprise.
Exercise is highly beneficial as it reduces both the pulse (脉搏) rate and the blood pressure so reducing stress on the heart as it brings blood round the body. It also helps to keep the artery (动脉) walls more elastic (有弹性的).
But can you push yourself too much? On the subject of exercise, it is good to take several parts of “moderate” exercise a week，which is a little more than quick walking. “We need to be careful when we’re doing extreme sports,” says expert Len Almond. “Extreme stress can make almost impossible demands on the body’s ability to recover. The stress of extreme sports forces biochemical changes in the body, and the physical response to that kind of activity will be too extreme.”
We all know how the Olympics began. The man who ran 26 miles from the town of Marathon to Athens with news of a victory died as soon as he arrived，and the cause of his sudden death might be the heart attack. Further research was done by scientists. They studied cyclists (自行车运动员) on a race that covers 230km with a height change of 5,500m. They were interested in one particular enzyme (酶), high concentrations of which are found in those who have suffered a heart attack. The scientists found that levels of this chemical increased in most of the cyclists who completed the race. The largest increases were seen in the fastest cyclists who had trained the hardest.
Most of us will never put our bodies to such extreme sports. But if, when you hear about someone like Fiennes，you ask whether exercise is worth it. I advise you to consider your own condition. Personally, I agree with the saying: “Run not to add years to your life but to add life to your years.”
1.According to the passage, taking exercise can_______ .
A.speed up the heart rate B.increase stress on the heart
C.reduce the blood pressure D.keep the artery walls straight
2.What does expert Len Almond suggest?
A.Our bodies can easily deal with physical stress.
B.Playing extreme sports is harmful to the human body.
C.We need a long period of recovery after extreme sports.
D.There is more to learn about the effect of physical stress.
3.Why is the research on the cyclists mentioned in Paragraph 4?
A.To suggest a different area of research.
B.To support the activity of taking part in sports.
C.To explain the effect of a height change on cyclists.
D.To prove that extreme sports may cause heart attacks.
4.The author believes that exercise_______.
A.helps you have a regular life B.adds years to your life
C.should be done in moderation D.will be worth the effort
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experiences? Strangely enough, the answer to both these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a person's intelligence are fixed at birth, but whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways.
It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random (随机地) from the population, it is likely that their degrees of intelligence will be completely different. If on the other hand we take two identical (完全相同的) twins they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all, are likely to have similar degrees of intelligence.
1.Which of these sentences best describes the writer's point in Para. 1?
A.To some extent, intelligence is given at birth.
B.Intelligence is developed by the environment.
C.Some people are born clever and others born stupid.
D.Intelligence is fixed at birth, but is developed by the environment.
2.It is suggested in this passage that _________.
A.unrelated people are not likely to have different intelligence
B.close relations usually have similar intelligence
C.the closer the blood relationship between people, the more different they are likely to be in intelligence
D.people who live in close contact with each other are not likely to have similar degrees of intelligence
3.In Para. 1, the word "surroundings" means ________.
A.intelligence B.life
C.environments D.housing
4.The best title for this article would be________.
A.On Intelligence
B.What Intelligence Means
C.We are Born with Intelligence
D.Environment Plays a Part in Developing Intelligence
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Eating a big breakfast could help you burn double the amount of calories than if you eat a larger meal at dinner.
It could be the key to losing weight while also keeping blood sugar levels steady, researchers at Lübeck University in Germany said. Their study found filling up in the morning boosts a metabolism (新陈代谢) process known as diet-induced thermogenesis(DIT). DIT refers to the number of calories the body expends to heat the body and digest food. It was shown to be twice as high for those who ate more at breakfast than at dinner. On the other hand, a low-calorie breakfast increases appetite(食欲), especially for sweets, the researchers admitted.
The findings published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism were based on a laboratory experiment of 16 men. They consumed a low and high calorie breakfast and dinner one day—and then vice versa (反过来) on another. The study also showed increases in blood sugar and insulin concentrations, caused by eating a meal, was reduced after breakfast, but not so much after dinner. The results also showed eating a low-calorie breakfast caused sweet desires with a higher appetite. This suggests those saving all their calories for the end of the day may face consequences because they snack more.
The study adds to increasing evidence that the best way of losing weight is to eat your largest meal in the morning—and your smallest in the evening. Dr Richter, a neurobiologist at Lübeck University, said, “Eating more at breakfast instead of dinner could prevent obesity(肥胖) and high blood sugar.” Both obesity and high blood sugar can lead to many life-threatening illnesses including cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Previous research has shown DIT is lower in people with obesity. It’s seen as a measure of how well our metabolism is working.
DIT can differ depending on mealtime and is generally slower in the evening and at night due to our body clocks. Dr Richter said, “We recommend that patients with obesity as well as healthy people eat a large breakfast rather than a large dinner to reduce body weight and prevent metabolic diseases.”
Professor Daniela Jakubowicz, author of The Big Breakfast Diet, found that those who piled on the calories in the morning were more likely to feel satisfied, preventing snacking throughout the day. And another study by Professor Jakubowicz found that eating chocolate in the morning, when our metabolism is at its highest, prevented desires for sweet things later on.
1.We can learn from the passage that DIT ________
A.is usually slower in the evening than during the daytime.
B.refers to the number of calories needed to heat the body.
C.has been found by the researchers in a Germany university .
D.may become twice lower when people eat a big breakfast.
2.According to the study, eating a high-calorie breakfast can ______.
A.cause diabetes B.lead to obesity
C.keep appetite D.lower blood sugar
3.What are the findings of the study conducted by the researchers at Lübeck University based on?
A.The observation of blood sugar changes.
B.Basic theories about diet-induced thermogenesis.
C.The data collected from a laboratory experiment.
D.Different experiments on people with different appetite.
4.What’s the best title for the text?
A.DIT: lower in the morning or evening? B.A low or high calorie dinner
C.A big breakfast, or a large dinner? D.Less calories, better health
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Some American National Parks
Theodore Roosevelt National Park
The 28th American president Theodore Roosevelt established the park to escape the reminder of his mother and wife, who died of illness on the same day. The park has three main areas -- the South Unit, the North Unit, and the Elkhorn Ranch（大农场） Unit. In the South Unit, visitors can drive along the Scenic Loop road. It offers many places to see wildlife and the surrounding badlands. Many visitors st op to look at Painted Canyon（峡谷）. Trails near the canyon offer visitors a chance to see animals, from the huge American bison to small black-tailed prairie dogs. The North Unit also offers several hiking trails. The third area of the park is what Roosevelt described as his "home ranch."
Olympic National Park
The park is located in the western state of Washington. It is on the Olympic Peninsula, in the northwest part of the state. The park covers more than 400,000 hectares. It has several different ecosystems. Visitors will find temperate rainforests, glacier-covered mountains, and almost 120 kilometers of wild coastline. Olympic National Park has meadows and lakes. It has glacier-fed rivers and mountain peaks that rise more than 2,300 meters. To protect the nature of the area, President Grover Cleveland declared the Olympic Peninsula's forests as the Olympic Forest Reserve in 1897. And in 1938, President Franklin Roosevelt signed the bill that established the Olympic National Park.
Voyageurs National Park
The state of Minnesota is known as the land of 10,000 lakes. Voyageurs National Park covers almost 88,500 hectares. About half of that surface is water. Much of the park is accessible only by boat. President Richard Nixon signed the bill that finally established Voyageurs as a national park in 1971. Nature and art meet at the Ellsworth Rock Gardens in the park. A carpenter and artist from Chicago named Jack Ellsworth built a summer home. He designed, built and created about 200 rock sculptures from native stone. Voyageurs National Park may be best seen at night. The most special light display on Earth is sometimes visible at Voyageurs.
Petrified Forest National Park
The word "forest" may mislead visitors. The park is in a desert. And the word "petrified" -- which can mean "afraid"-- may scare visitors away! But fear not. "Petrified Forest" gets its name from the trees that have, over millions of years, turned to stone. That natural process is called fossilization (化石化). The Petrified Forest National Park is one of the wonders of Arizona. The oldest geological formations in the park are about 227 million years old. Differently colored formations show different time periods. Long before humans entered the area, dinosaurs dominated. Petrified Forest National Park is a world-class area for fossil research.
1.If a traveler is interested in animal fossils, which park is the best choice?
A.Olympic National Park B.Petrified Forest National Park
C.Voyageurs National Park D.Theodore Roosevelt National Park
2.What is unique about Voyageurs National Park ?
A.People can experience different ecosystems within it.
B.The park was established by an American president.
C.Visitors can appreciate sculptures and light show.
D.Visitors can get close to various wild animals.
3.Which park has NO connections with American presidents?
A.Petrified Forest National Park B.Olympic National Park
C.Theodore Roosevelt National Park D.Voyageurs National Park
高一英语阅读选择简单题查看答案及解析
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A new kind of rice, golden rice, may soon make its way into the world’s food supply by the year 2021, reports Science magazine.
Golden rice was actually first developed back in the 1990s by German scientists who were looking for creative ways to reduce rates of Vitamin A deficiency(维生素A缺乏症) in human body, which continues to be a major concern throughout the developing world. Beta-carotene(胡萝卜素), which exists in some plants, can change into vitamin A in our body.
In view of beta-carotene’s characteristics, German scientists tried and managed to make rice filled with additional beta-carotene, which has a strong red orange color. The beta-carotene that is added to this rice is actually what conduces to its special golden color.
To German scientists, developing this rice was meaningful. But as with all GM(转基因的) crops, some people warn that the golden rice may be unnecessary and even harmful, possibly having some environment consequences. Until now, those voices have prevented golden rice from being planted anywhere.
However, that’s about to change. Bangladesh now plans to become the first country to approve golden rice for planting. Recently, golden rice is receiving a series of tests before the final approval of Bangladesh. Tests conducted by the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) found no new farming challenges with golden rice and no big differences in quality between the crop and the traditional varieties, with the exception that golden rice is more nutritious. Some other organizations are still doing tests about the environmental influences of the crop. If those results are also good, then golden rice will have received all the approval it needs to move forward with planting.
As for the future market for the golden rice, the crop will need to gain the public’s trust. And it remains to be seen whether golden rice will offer a better nutritional and economical choice compared to other sources of vitamin A, such as other vegetables where it occurs naturally.
1.What was German scientists’ main purpose of working on rice?
A.To raise its output. B.To make it look prettier.
C.To collect its beta-carotene. D.To improve its vitamin A content in our body.
2.What does the underlined part “conduces to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A.Causes. B.Changes. C.Removes. D.Lightens.
3.What do BRRI’s tests show about golden rice?
A.It can hardly grow on the farmland of Bangladesh. B.It is nutritionally better than traditional rice.
C.It may do serious harm to the environment. D.It is no different from other rice in taste.
4.How is golden rice’s future market in the author’s opinion?
A.Promising. B.Worrying. C.Uncertain. D.Hopeless.
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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They just can’t help it! My theory is that the female brain is mainly built for empathy— the ability to understand other people — and that the male brain is mainly built for building systems. 1. For example, women are more likely to read magazines on fashion and parenting, while men will choose magazines that are mainly about computers and sports.
You may think that these preferences are influenced by the way people are taught to behave when they are growing up. However, this is not the case. A new study carried out at the University of Cambridge shows that newborn girls look longer at a face, and newborn boys look longer at a mobile. 2. It has also been observed that girls are better at noticing signs of changes in other people’s feelings. Boys, however, seem to enjoy building toy towers and playing with toys which have clear functions. 3. People whose jobs are in the construction (建设) industries are almost males. Maths and engineering, which require high levels of systems thinking, are also male-chosen disciplines (准则). Why do men and women have differences? Actually women have four times as many brain neurons (神经元) that connect the right and left part of their brains. Because of it, women have the better ability to multitask than men. 4. Men tend to focus on a limited number of problems at a time. They will separate themselves from problems and view tasks as independent from one another.
Some people may worry that I am suggesting one gender (性别) is better than the other, but this is not the case. My theory says that males and females differ in the kinds of things that they find easy, but that both genders have their strengths and weaknesses. 5. It is not true. The study simply looks at males and females as two groups, and asks what differences exist, and why they are there.
A.Generally speaking, there are clear differences.
B.You can see the same kind of pattern in the adult workplace.
C.Their preferences for building systems may change over time.
D.They will consider many sources of information at the same time.
E.That suggests certain differences between male and female brains are biological.
F.It is important to stress that the female brain may be built more for empathy.
G.Others may think the theory creates a belief of what a particular type of person is like.
高一英语七选五困难题查看答案及解析
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The microplastics(微型塑料) problem in the oceans has made its way to sea turtles in a big way. A new study has found microplastics in the stomach of every single turtle they tested—a total of 102 sea turtles.
The researchers tested more than 100 sea turtles from all seven kinds and three different oceans, and they were looking for man-made things less than 5 mm long. The most things the team found were fibers, which most likely came from clothing and fishing equipment.
“The influence of these particles on turtles is unknown,” said Emily Duncan. “Their small size means they can pass through the stomach without causing a problem, as is frequently reported with larger plastic pieces.”
The researchers found more than 800 man-made particles in the turtles, but since they only tested part of the stomach, they believe the total number of particles could be 20 times higher. They don’t know how the turtles take in the particles, but they think they are from polluted seawater and polluted plants.
Professor Brendan Godley said that eating microplastics isn’t the biggest problem to sea turtles at the moment, but it is a clear sign that we need to do a better job watching global waste.
This turtle study shows that we need to reduce the amount of plastic waste, so we can keep clean and healthy oceans for future people.
1.The underlined part in paragraph 1 probably means “________”.
A.has gone into B.has made great effect on
C.has been walking to D.has tried to escape from
2.How did the researchers find out the microplastics problem？
A.By giving examples. B.By comparing sea life.
C.By studying different sea animals. D.By testing turtles from different seas.
3.What can be inferred from Emily?
A.Larger plastic pieces cause trouble to sea turtles
B.Eating microplastics is the biggest danger to sea turtles
C.Scientists know clearly how sea turtles eat plastic pieces
D.The number of particles inside sea turtles is much higher
4.The purpose of the text is to call on people to ________.
A.stop killing sea animals B.find out more plastic waste
C.control pollution to oceans D.carry out further researches
高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Medical Practices in Ancient Egypt
Learning from the Dead
To find out why people have died,today’s medical examiners perform autopsies(尸体解剖).They cut open the body and study its parts.Ancient Egyptians also performed autopsies to help understand causes of death.In addition,autopsies helped ancient Egyptians study the human body.By comparing the hearts of people who were different ages,for example,Egyptians could determine what a young,healthy heart was supposed to look like.
Keeping a Written Record
The Egyptians not only studied the human body,but they also kept detailed records of what they discovered.They wrote and drew their observations on papyrus,a form of paper.The papyrus records became the medical textbooks of that time.Their observations allowed Egyptian doctors to share their knowledge,including how to treat various diseases.
Edwin Smith Papyrus
In 1862,an American named Edwin Smith purchased a medical papyrus in Luxor,Egypt. Smith was not a medical expert,but he knew a lot about old documents.He knew that what he had found was valuable.The papyrus turned out to be an ancient textbook on surgery.The papyrus was probably written around 1600 BC,but it was based on information from a thousand years before that.The papyrus presents the information as case studies,including an analysis of how patients survived or died.
1.By performing autopsies,ancient Egyptians could____
A.determine the causes of illnesses
B.learn about different body parts
C.keep detailed records on textbooks
D.share what they had discovered
2.The document bought by Edwin Smith was valuable because it was____
A.originally written on papyrus
B.an ancient medical textbook
C.discovered by a medical expert
D.written a thousand years before
3.This article is probably from____
A.a story book
B.a health leaflet
C.a medical magazine
D.a biology textbook
高一英语阅读选择简单题查看答案及解析