Scientists from Australia declared that they were able to find out how some species of birds managed to develop the ability to recognize each other’s language. Together with his partners from the School of Botany and Zoology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Professor Robert Magrath discovered that fairy-wrens (细尾鹩莺) can learn the alarm calls produced by other species of birds.
Although scientists had known that some birds could understand the alarm calls of other species and use their ability to escape danger, it was unknown how they developed this ability. There were several assumptions.
Some researchers suggested that some species of birds were able to understand the alarm calls of other species due to the fact that they were born with the ability to react (反应) to calls that are somewhat similar. There was another assumption that all birds could learn alarm calls from different species over a certain period of time.
In order to find out which assumption was closer to the truth, scientists played the sounds of alarm calls of white-browed scrubwrens (白眉丝刺莺) to fairy-wrens that live side-by-side with white-browed scrubwrens in Canberra. Alarm calls of the two species are somewhat similar. The second step was playing recordings of alarm calls of white-browed scrubwrens to fairy-wrens that live 600 km away from Canberra, in Macquarie Marshes, the region where white-browed scrubwrens don’t live. The experiment showed that fairy-wrens living in Canberra fled (逃跑) but Macquarie Marshes fairy-wrens didn’t, which, according to Magrath, had to do with learning.
Another experiment involved playing recordings of a different alarm call produced by New Holland honeyeaters. Researchers said that after hearing the calls, the fairy-wrens fled, which means that they can learn calls completely different from theirs. “They have a very sharp perception (领悟力) of other species’ calls.” said Magrath.
However, some scientists had different opinions. For example, Professor Gisela Kaplan considered that learning was not the entire reason why birds fled after hearing the alarm calls. She considered that birds’ brain features an emergency pack which includes pre-programmed (预定程序) reactions at birth. The pack may be constructed of neurons that produce a basic reflex (反射作用) when it is touched off by auditory (听觉的) reactions.
“It could be that a certain sound, like a 6 kilohertz high-pitched frequency (频率), causes that basic reflex. Where the learned part comes in is the key to correctly tell whether somebody else is simply making a high-pitch call or whether it is an alarm call,” said Kaplan. She added that her team played the same recordings to magpies (喜鹊) at various distances and discovered that their reaction was different. “It depends on whether the bird’s sound is coming from within the magpie’s territory (领地). The difference can be as small as two meters,” she said.
1.According to Paragraph 2, alarm calls produced by birds mean _____.
A. they need to flee
B. there are visitors
C. there is something to eat
D. they need help to kill their enemies
2.From the experiment in Paragraph 4, we can infer that _____.
A. birds only understand alarm calls similar to theirs
B. birds are born to understand alarm calls of other species
C. birds understand alarm calls of other species by learning
D. white-browed scrubwrens are not enemies of fairy-wrens
3.Which of the following does Kaplan agree with?
A. Magpies react violently to a 6 kilohertz high-pitched frequency.
B. Magpies learn how to tell a high-pitch call from an alarm call.
C. Birds tend to give alarm calls if danger is within two meters.
D. The location of alarm calls is important to magpies’ reactions to them.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. How do birds escape danger?
B. Birds can learn other species’ languages.
C. Birds have a sharp perception of alarm calls.
D. How do birds understand each other’s language?
高一英语阅读理解简单题
Scientists from Australia declared that they were able to find out how some species of birds managed to develop the ability to recognize each other’s language. Together with his partners from the School of Botany and Zoology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Professor Robert Magrath discovered that fairy-wrens (细尾鹩莺) can learn the alarm calls produced by other species of birds.
Although scientists had known that some birds could understand the alarm calls of other species and use their ability to escape danger, it was unknown how they developed this ability. There were several assumptions.
Some researchers suggested that some species of birds were able to understand the alarm calls of other species due to the fact that they were born with the ability to react (反应) to calls that are somewhat similar. There was another assumption that all birds could learn alarm calls from different species over a certain period of time.
In order to find out which assumption was closer to the truth, scientists played the sounds of alarm calls of white-browed scrubwrens (白眉丝刺莺) to fairy-wrens that live side-by-side with white-browed scrubwrens in Canberra. Alarm calls of the two species are somewhat similar. The second step was playing recordings of alarm calls of white-browed scrubwrens to fairy-wrens that live 600 km away from Canberra, in Macquarie Marshes, the region where white-browed scrubwrens don’t live. The experiment showed that fairy-wrens living in Canberra fled (逃跑) but Macquarie Marshes fairy-wrens didn’t, which, according to Magrath, had to do with learning.
Another experiment involved playing recordings of a different alarm call produced by New Holland honeyeaters. Researchers said that after hearing the calls, the fairy-wrens fled, which means that they can learn calls completely different from theirs. “They have a very sharp perception (领悟力) of other species’ calls.” said Magrath.
However, some scientists had different opinions. For example, Professor Gisela Kaplan considered that learning was not the entire reason why birds fled after hearing the alarm calls. She considered that birds’ brain features an emergency pack which includes pre-programmed (预定程序) reactions at birth. The pack may be constructed of neurons that produce a basic reflex (反射作用) when it is touched off by auditory (听觉的) reactions.
“It could be that a certain sound, like a 6 kilohertz high-pitched frequency (频率), causes that basic reflex. Where the learned part comes in is the key to correctly tell whether somebody else is simply making a high-pitch call or whether it is an alarm call,” said Kaplan. She added that her team played the same recordings to magpies (喜鹊) at various distances and discovered that their reaction was different. “It depends on whether the bird’s sound is coming from within the magpie’s territory (领地). The difference can be as small as two meters,” she said.
1.According to Paragraph 2, alarm calls produced by birds mean _____.
A. they need to flee
B. there are visitors
C. there is something to eat
D. they need help to kill their enemies
2.From the experiment in Paragraph 4, we can infer that _____.
A. birds only understand alarm calls similar to theirs
B. birds are born to understand alarm calls of other species
C. birds understand alarm calls of other species by learning
D. white-browed scrubwrens are not enemies of fairy-wrens
3.Which of the following does Kaplan agree with?
A. Magpies react violently to a 6 kilohertz high-pitched frequency.
B. Magpies learn how to tell a high-pitch call from an alarm call.
C. Birds tend to give alarm calls if danger is within two meters.
D. The location of alarm calls is important to magpies’ reactions to them.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. How do birds escape danger?
B. Birds can learn other species’ languages.
C. Birds have a sharp perception of alarm calls.
D. How do birds understand each other’s language?
高一英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
Although we were away from the coast and the busy environment, we were able to celebrate Christmas in a traditional Portuguese (葡萄牙的)way! This was the reason why we ____to Alte, a small mountain village 35 kilometers away from the coast of Armacao da Pera. It seemed a ____ place to spend Christmas.
It was the day before Christmas that I drove my family to Alte. At 8:30, we ___ and then walked up to the ____. There was a bonfire (篝火) ____ in front of the church, and people were already starting to arrive. We went inside and ____ a nice place to sit down. ____, the church was also full during the celebration!
Villagers ____around the bonfire and someone was ____away a small piece of cake and a glass of wine. We are so glad to __ this traditional activity that we stayed a little longer, ____the Christmas Eve by the bonfire, together with the villagers of Alte.
It was a cold, yet beautiful morning when we ____up at Christmas day! I took over the ___ of preparing breakfast. I made a great one with bread, fried eggs, sausages, tomatoes, cucumber and some ____fruits. Anyway, it's Christmas! After a fancy breakfast, we ____about 10 minutes walking down the hill and spent some moments taking ___ at the waterfalls. It was a very nice ___ and we have totally enjoyed ___ and peace. Later that day, many Portuguese people went down to ___ the falls too.
After that, we drank a cup of coffee together, admiring the beautiful views before us! What a wonderful Christmas morning and an ____experience!
1.A.moved B.flew C.drove D.saw
2.A.nearby B.separate C.lonely D.perfect
3.A.came B.arrived C.stayed D.stopped
4.A.hospital B.house C.school D.village
5.A.set B.lit C.caught D.put
6.A.chose B.designed C.prepared D.examined
7.A.Hopefully B.Surprisingly C.Luckily D.Briefly
8.A.gathered B.listened C.looked D.turned
9.A.taking B.giving C.carrying D.bringing
10.A.sort out B.get over C.care about D.join in
11.A.introducing B.expecting C.enjoying D.containing
12.A.stood B.shut C.opened D.woke
13.A.position B.life C.task D.space
14.A.fresh B.extra C.artificial D.suitable
15.A.risked B.got C.won D.spent
16.A.ideas B.paintings C.pictures D.suggestions
17.A.view B.dream C.performance D.wonder
18.A.attention B.quietness C.power D.imagination
19.A.see B.build C.protect D.find
20.A.illegal B.unfair C.unforgettable D.unexpected
高一英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life. Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced by their environment. They say a baby will smile if her mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care possible by smiling to please her mother or other caregiver. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
One study shows that babies can learn before they are born. The researchers placed a tape recorder on the stomach of a pregnant (怀孕的)woman. Then, they played a recording of a short story. On the day the baby was born, the researchers attempted to find if he knew the sounds of the story repeated while in his mother. They did this by placing a device in the mouth of the newborn baby.
The baby would hear the story if he moved his mouth one way. If the baby moved his mouth the other way, he would hear a different story. The researchers say the baby clearly liked the story he heard before he was born. They say the baby would move his mouth so he could hear the story again and again.
Another study shows how mothers can strongly influence social development and language skills in their children. Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers attempted to measure the sensitivity of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children’s activities and did not interfere ( 干预）unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression.The children of depressed women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer
from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the factor that influences intelligence development in babies?
A. The environment.
B. Mother's sensitivity.
C. Their peers (同龄人)
D. Education before birth.
2.What is the purpose of the experiment in which newborn babies heard the stories?
A. To prove that babies can learn before they are born.
B. To prove that babies can learn on the first day they are born.
C. To show mothers can strongly influence intelligence development in their babies.
D. To indicate early education has a deep effect on the babies' language skills.
3.Which group of children did the worst in tests of language skills?
A. The children of depressed mothers who cared little for their children.
B. The children of women who did not suffer from depression.
C. The children of depressed but caring mothers.
D. Children with high communication abilities.
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Scientific findings about how babies develop before birth.
B. Scientific findings about how time has an effect on babies' intelligence.
C. A study shows babies are not able to learn things until they are rice or six months old.
D. Scientific findings about how intelligence develops in babies.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Not long ago, people thought babies were not able to learn things until they were five or six months old. Yet doctors in the United States say babies begin learning on their first day of life.
Scientists note that babies are strongly influenced1 by their environment. They say a baby will smile if his mother does something the baby likes. A baby learns to get the best care by smiling to please his mother or other caregivers. This is how babies learn to connect and communicate with other human beings.
A study shows how mothers can influence social development and language skills in their children.
Researchers studied the children from the age of one month to three years. The researchers tried to measure the sensitivity2 of the mothers. The women were considered sensitive if they supported their children's activities and did not get involved unnecessarily. They tested the children for thinking and language development when they were three years old. Also, the researchers observed the women for signs of depression.
The children of depressed3 women did not do as well in tests as the children of women who did not suffer from depression. The children of depressed women did poorly in tests of language skills and understanding what they hear.
1. influence: to affect the way people behave or think
2. sensitivity: the ability to understand other people's feelings
3. depressed: very sad and without hope
These children also were less cooperative and had more problems dealing with other people. The researchers noted that the sensitivity of the mothers was important to the intelligence development of their children. Children did better when their mothers were caring, even when they suffered from depression.
1.When do babies begin learning according to doctors in the United States? (不多于5个单词)
2.Why do babies smile to please their mothers or other caregivers? (不多于6个单词)
3.In what tests did the children of depressed women do poorly? (不多于 7个单词)
4.What kind of mothers can help children have a better development? (不多于 2个单词)
高一英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析
People used to think that wetlands were wasted land. Developers would drain them with ditches（水沟），fill them in with tons of soil，and build houses，schools，and parking areas on them.Then scientists began to realize the important role wetlands played in the environment.
Wetlands act like giant sponges（海绵） during storms.They soak up extra storm water and afterward release it slowly back into the water cycle.This helps prevent flooding. Towns where people have drained wetlands have found that in a big storm，their streets and homes are often flooded because there are no wetlands to soak up the excess water.
Wetlands also act as giant filters where pollutants are absorbed and dissolved over time.Though wetlands can become polluted from dumping，wastewater，and fertilizer runoff from farm fields，they are able to process some pollutants over time because of all the microorganisms and plants living there.
Wetlands are especially important for providing homes and breeding grounds to millions of birds，fish，and amphibians worldwide. Many wetlands have become national wildlife refuges（避难所），where you can go to take pictures and look at birds and animals.
The Everglades are a huge wetland that once covered more than four million acres of southern Florida. Sometimes called the “river of grass”，the Everglades are a shallow sheet of water that slowly flowed across a grassy plain. In the late 1800s people began draining parts of the Everglades for development. Roads were built and towns sprang up.The Everglades shrank to half its original size. Cities like Miami grew up where once there was a thriving wetland. Sewage and waste from the cities were pumped into the remaining wetlands. Over time scientists began to see the importance of the Everglades. Even with its smaller size，the Everglades filtered the pollutants coming from the cities，absorbing the worst of it like a sewage treatment plant. During storms the Everglades protected the cities from storm surge flooding. They also are just a great place to visit and see wildlife.
1.The first paragraph is intended to tell us________.
A．wasted land used to be wetlands
B．people didn’t know the importance of wetlands before
C．wetlands used to be left undisturbed
D．wetlands can be used for building
2.Why can wetlands be compared to giant sponges?
A．They absorb extra water from storms.
B．They become large or small in size.
C．They absorb pollutants and dissolve them.
D．They are made of soft soil.
3.As for the importance of wetlands，how many aspects are mentioned in the passage?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
4.The example of the Everglades is given in the last paragraph to show________.
A．the threat to wetlands
B．the protection of wetlands
C．the development of wetlands
D．the importance of wetlands
5.We can infer from the passage that________.
A．some wetlands can be used to build cities or towns
B．wetlands in the world are disappearing fast
C．wetlands play an important role in the ecosystem
D．wetlands are especially important to wildlife
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
The scientists were trying to look for all possible _______ as to where this species came from.
A．signals B．marks C．clues D．spots
高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
People from Britain and Ireland first came to live in Australia in 1788. They brought different dialects （方言）of English with them. These different kinds of English began to mix and change. The newcomers soon began to speak with their own typical accent（口音） and vocabulary. More and more people came to Australia during the Gold Rush in the 19th and 20th centuries. Some came from Britain and Ireland； others came from non-English speaking countries. Australian English continued to grow and change.
Australian English has also been influenced by American English. During the Second World War, there were many American soldiers staying in Australia. More importantly, American television shows and music have been popular in Australia since the 1950s.
Australians use many words that other English speakers do not use. The famous Australian greeting, for example, is G'day! A native forest is called the bush and central Australia is called the outback. Many words were brought to Australia from Britain and Ireland. For example, mate means "friend",and it is still used in Britain. Some of these words have changed in meaning. Some words have come from Australian original languages, many of which are names for animals, plants and places, like dingo and kangaroo.
Australian spelling comes from British spelling. In words like organise and realise, -ise is the expected and taught spelling method. In words like colour, favourite, -our is the normal, but nouns such as the Labor Party and Victor Harbor are spelled with -or. Program, on the other hand, is more common than programme.
There are also differences in the definition （定义）of words Australians use in different parts of the country. For example, football means "rugby" in New South Wales and Queensland, but "Australian rules football" in everywhere else in Australia. In New South Wales, a swimming costume is called a cossie or swimmers, while in Queensland it is called togs and bathers in Victoria.
1.According to the passage, which of the following is spoken only by Australians？ ______
A. Mate. B. Outback.
C. Program. D. Rugby.
2.What can we conclude from the last paragraph？ ______
A. The same word might have different meanings in different parts of Australia.
B. There arc different expressions about sports in Australia.
C. Australian rules football is the most popular sport in Australia.
D. Australians are fond of sports and games.
3.What might be the best title for the text？ ______
A. The History of Australia.
B. The Development of Australian English.
C. The Birth of Australian English.
D. Different Kinds of English Across the World.
高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Until the noise of the bus ________ , we were able to hear the program again.
A．died from B．died off C．died away D．died out
高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析
Only when ____in the afternoon _____able to leave.
A. the match was over; they were B. was the match over; were they
C. was the match over; they were D. the match was over; were they
高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Only when ____in the afternoon _____able to leave.
A. the match was over; they were B. was the match over; were they
C. was the match over; they were D. the match was over; were they
高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析