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Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答问题)：
Venus （金星） has long been one of the most misunderstood planets. Like the earth, Venus has its own atmosphere. However, the atmosphere is much thicker than that of the earth, which makes it difficult for modern scientists to study. There is much we still do not know about what this planet like. However, using special machines, scientists have unlocked many of the long-hidden secrets in recent years.
Venus is in many ways the earth’s sister planet. It is almost the same in size and chemistry as the earth. In other words, Venus is made up of almost the exact same types of materials as the earth, in about the same amounts.
In the early days of Venus’ 4-billion-year-old life, it would have appeared very similar to the earth. The two would have been almost the same. However, over a period of a few million years ago, Venus lies much closer to the sun than our planet. It has made Venus terribly hot.
Since it is closer to the sun, Venus’ temperature should be a little warmer than that of the earth. As the planet warmed, water which can be used to form oceans, lakes and rivers, evaporated(蒸发). This increase in water vapor（水蒸气）began a cycle of global warming. Water vapor is a very effective greenhouse gas. It caused the temperature to rise and more water to evaporate. The temperature then climbed still further. Today it is likely that all of Venus’s water has evaporated into the atmosphere. This atmosphere effectively keeps the sun’s energy and makes the surface to burn much hotter than it naturally would.
If you happen to find a way to survive the extreme heat on the surface of Venus, you will quickly notice something strange about the days. Venus rotates(旋转) very slowly, so that a day on Venus actually lasts longer than a year. Instead of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west, the sun would appear to rise in the west and set in the east when you are on Venus.
1.Both Venus and the earth have their own atmosphere, don’t they?
_______________, _____________________________________________________.
2.How can the scientists finally get to know more about Venus in recent years?
_________________________________________________________________________.
3.Why is Venus considered the earth’s sister planet?
_________________________________________________________________________.
4.What has caused Venus to become completely different from the earth?
________________________________________________________________________.
5. Please list some other strange natural phenomena(现象) on Venus besides the heat.
_________________________________________________________________________.
6.In recent year, the earth faces the similar situation which makes Venus very hot. What do we call this kind of situation and what caused the problem on the earth?
_________________________________________________________________________.
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Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答问题)：
Venus （金星） has long been one of the most misunderstood planets. Like the earth, Venus has its own atmosphere. However, the atmosphere is much thicker than that of the earth, which makes it difficult for modern scientists to study. There is much we still do not know about what this planet like. However, using special machines, scientists have unlocked many of the long-hidden secrets in recent years.
Venus is in many ways the earth’s sister planet. It is almost the same in size and chemistry as the earth. In other words, Venus is made up of almost the exact same types of materials as the earth, in about the same amounts.
In the early days of Venus’ 4-billion-year-old life, it would have appeared very similar to the earth. The two would have been almost the same. However, over a period of a few million years ago, Venus lies much closer to the sun than our planet. It has made Venus terribly hot.
Since it is closer to the sun, Venus’ temperature should be a little warmer than that of the earth. As the planet warmed, water which can be used to form oceans, lakes and rivers, evaporated(蒸发). This increase in water vapor（水蒸气）began a cycle of global warming. Water vapor is a very effective greenhouse gas. It caused the temperature to rise and more water to evaporate. The temperature then climbed still further. Today it is likely that all of Venus’s water has evaporated into the atmosphere. This atmosphere effectively keeps the sun’s energy and makes the surface to burn much hotter than it naturally would.
If you happen to find a way to survive the extreme heat on the surface of Venus, you will quickly notice something strange about the days. Venus rotates(旋转) very slowly, so that a day on Venus actually lasts longer than a year. Instead of the sun rising in the east and setting in the west, the sun would appear to rise in the west and set in the east when you are on Venus.
1.Both Venus and the earth have their own atmosphere, don’t they?
_______________, _____________________________________________________.
2. How can the scientists finally get to know more about Venus in recent years?
_______________________________________________________________________.
3.Why is Venus considered the earth’s sister planet?
_________________________________________________________________________.
4.What has caused Venus to become completely different from the earth?
________________________________________________________________________.
5.Please list some other strange natural phenomena(现象) on Venus besides the heat.
_________________________________________________________________________.
6.In recent years, the earth faces the similar situation which makes Venus very hot. What do we call this kind of situation and what caused the problem on the earth?
_________________________________________________________________________.
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1Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)
1．Helen Monson has always been interested in helping her community. Her first volunteer experience was for the American Red Cross when she was in high school. When she was a school teacher, she also found time to volunteer. One year, she organized a Super Saturday Fun Day for kids in the community. She also used to volunteer at the Mint Festival every year. One summer, she served food, another year she organized an art programme.
2．After she retired, she started volunteering to help the old. When her father was older, he was not able to see as well as he used to, which made her sad because he had always enjoyed reading. She decided it would be fun to read to elderly people in her community. She also helped one woman write her stories. Ann was almost 100 years old, and Helen wrote down information about her life when she visited her. She put the information in a book and got it published. Ann was very excited to share her life story with her children and her grandchildren.
3．After a hurricane(飓风) destroyed some southern cities, Helen volunteered again for the American Red Cross. She prepared food and answered phones in a care centre. She says, “I have always liked the Red Cross because the organization helps people in need no matter what.”
4．One day, Helen read an article in the newspaper about refugees(难民) who needed to learn English. Now, she meets once a week with Sahra, a 38-year-old woman, from Somalia. Sahra is living and working in a town about 30 minutes’ walk from where Helen lives. They work on reading and writing skills. Helen gave Sahra a camera and asked her to take pictures of her daily life. She developed the pictures, and then asked Sahra questions about them. In the end, they wrote a book together and used the photos in the book. This helped Sahra learn many new words about her everyday life.
5．Helen says, “The most rewarding(有益的) part of volunteer work is becoming friends with the people I help. They enrich my life as well as I enrich theirs.”
1.When was Helen’s first volunteer experience for the American Red Cross?
2.What did Helen do after she retired?
3.Why was Ann excited when her book got published?
4.Where did Helen work when she volunteered again for the American Red Cross?
5.How far is Sahra living and working from Helen’s home?
6.Did Helen help Sahra to learn English?
7.What can you learn from Helen?
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Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
The Moments （朋友圈）section of WeChat has become
a popular part of the social networking platform（平台）.
We can share everything about your life on it with your friends.Some students had a discussion on whether to allow our parents to see our moments.
| Yes | No |
| Stella, 16: I think it's meaningful to let parents see our Moments.Some say that without parents' involvement（参与）,they feel free when sharing things online.However,as teenagers,sometimes we do need our parent's guidance,especially in terms of social experiences.What's more,shutting them off my make the generation gap （代沟）bigger and bigger，while inviting them in can help us to communicate and feel closer to each other. Denny,16: Most of my friends keep your parents out of their Moments.They argue that if their parents get involved,they will feel upset.However I feel happy when my parents comment （评论）on my posts in my Moments.It shows their love and care for me.It also makes them happy and stops them from worrying about me.We'll leave them when we grow up.Why not cherish（珍惜） every opportunity to interact（互动） with them? | Robin,16: I don't allow my parents to see my Moments.Everyone needs some privacy and we all have our own secrets and lifestyles.If my parents could see my posts there,they may push me around with your ideas,nagging（唠叨） at me to do as they wished,which would be unacceptable to me even though it would show their love and care.After all,appropriate distance unites the family better. Laura,16: I believe blocking （屏蔽）our parents in Moments is not a bad idea,as the generation gap can be a great problem.Online social media（媒体） is mainly a way of communicating with friends of our own age.We can have more freedom to develop our thoughts and interests. Besides,we don't have to worry about our parents' presence.To enable them to read our daily posts would create a lot of misunderstandings. |
1.What can you share with your friends on the Moments section of WeChat?
.
2.Why does Stella think it's meaningful to let parents see our Moments?
Because she thinks .
3.How do most of Denny's friends deal with their Moments,block their parents or let them see?
.
4.Robin doesn't allow his parents to see his Moments,does he?
,he .
5.What's the advantages of blocking our parents in Moments according to Laura's opinion?
.
6.Do you think your parents should be allowed to see your Moments?Why or why not?
.
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Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Your Nose is Busy and Important
Your nose has many important jobs, and is always busy.
Smelling
Smelling helps you gather information about the world around you. A good scent (气体),like flowers, brings you pleasure. A bad scent, like smoke or sour milk, warns you of danger. Most things around you release scent particles (微粒) into the air. These invisible chemicals enter the nose when you breathe. Nerves in the nose send information to the brain to identify a smell. You are able to recognize thousands of smells.
Breathing
Most of the air you breathe enters through your nose. The nose uses hair and mucus (粘液) to clean dust and germs (细菌) out of the air. The air that enters your nose contains oxygen. Your body uses oxygen to unlock the energy in the food you eat. Even when you sleep, your body needs energy to keep your heart beating and your brain working.
Tasting
Your nose helps you enjoy food. Flavor is a mixture of taste and smell. The smell of the food helps you identify what you are eating. The sense of smell contributes more to (贡献) food flavor than the sense of taste .When you are sick and have a stuffy nose, your food doesn’t taste as good because without smell, food loses most of its flavor.
Smell memory
Smells can bring back memories. Your brain uses a process to create a picture in your mind from the odors(气味)you smell. Smells can affect your feelings because the part of the brain that helps you identify smells is close to the area that affects your emotions, mood and memory. More smell memories are collected as you get older.
Your nose has many important jobs, and is more than just a smeller!
1.How many important jobs does a nose do according to the passage? What are they?
2.Smelling helps you recognize thousands of smells, doesn't it?
3.What does the nose use to clean dust and germs out of air?
4.What happens to your food if you are sick and have a stuffy nose?
5.How do smells bring back memories?
6.What do you think of your nose? Why do you think so?
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Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
The Moments （朋友圈）section of WeChat has become a popular part of the
social networking platform（平台）.We can share everything about your life on it with
your friends.Some students had a discussion on whether to allow our parents to see
our moments.
| Yes | No |
| Stella, 16: I think it's meaningful to let parents see our Moments.Some say that without parents' involvement（参与）,they feel free when sharing things online.However,as teenagers,sometimes we do need our parent's guidance,especially in terms of social experiences.What's more,shutting them off my make the generation gap （代沟）bigger and bigger，while inviting them in can help us to communicate and feel closer to each other. Denny,16: Most of my friends keep your parents out of their Moments.They argue that if their parents get involved,they will feel upset.However I feel happy when my parents comment （评论）on my posts in my Moments.It shows their love and care for me.It also makes them happy and stops them from worrying about me.We'll leave them when we grow up.Why not cherish（珍惜） every opportunity to interact（互动） with them? | Robin,16: I don't allow my parents to see my Moments.Everyone needs some privacy and we all have our own secrets and lifestyles.If my parents could see my posts there,they may push me around with your ideas,nagging（唠叨） at me to do as they wished,which would be unacceptable to me even though it would show their love and care.After all,appropriate distance unites the family better. Laura,16: I believe blocking （屏蔽）our parents in Moments is not a bad idea,as the generation gap can be a great problem.Online social media（媒体） is mainly a way of communicating with friends of our own age.We can have more freedom to develop our thoughts and interests. Besides,we don't have to worry about our parents' presence.To enable them to read our daily posts would create a lot of misunderstandings. |
1.What can you share with your friends on the Moments section of WeChat?
2.Why does Stella think it's meaningful to let parents see our Moments?
Because she thinks.
3.How do most of Denny's friends deal with their Moments,block their parents or let them see?
4.Robin doesn't allow his parents to see his Moments,does he?
5.What's the advantages of blocking our parents in Moments according to Laura's opinion?
6.Do you think your parents should be allowed to see your Moments?Why or why not?
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Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
Everyone has good days and bad days.
Sometimes, you may feel that you're on top of the world and all the questions on your maths test might seem easy. But sometimes you feel frightened or you lose things, and you cannot focus on your school work.
For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem（自尊）is the key to success. They said that kids who feel good about themselves do better in school and have fewer emotional problems than kids who have a low opinion of themselves.
Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful. In some cases, having high self-esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable（可爱的）or more upset when you fail at something.
"Forget about self-esteem," says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist at the University of Michigan, US. "It's not the important thing. " Crockery's advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about oneself. Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be sad, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem.
But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florid a State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person. People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves while people with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help.
Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people. Set out to create or build something. If you fail at something, try to learn from the experience. "The best therapy（药方）is to know your own weak points," Vohs says. "It's OK to say, 'I'm not so good at that,' and then move on. "
1.According to scientists, what is the key to success?
____________________________________________________________________________
2.Do kids who have a low opinion of themselves have more emotional problems?
_____________________________________________________________________________
3.When can high self-esteem bring us bad results?
___________________________________________________________________
4.What's C rocker's advice on self-esteem?
_____________________________________________________________________
5.What will people with low self-esteem do when they need help?
____________________________________________________________________
6.How do you like "If you fail at something, try to learn from the experience"? Why?
____________________________________________________________________
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Answer the questions (根据短文内容回答下列问题)
Mexico, the largest nation in the region, provides a good example of life in Central America. Although Mexico is a large country, only 12 percent of its land is good for farming. Another 40 percent is good land for cattle and farm animals. The rest of the land is hills and mountains, dry, high plateaus, or wet coastal regions.
The mountains are too high to farm. The high plateau in the middle of Mexico is too dry to plant crops. The coastal areas receive so much rain that the land often becomes waterlogged(水涝的). For all these reasons, Mexicans must take care of the good farmland they have. Yet good farming has not always been possible in Mexico.
For many centuries, Mexican farmers had grown traditional crops. These included corn, beans and squash. However, when the Spanish arrived in the 1500s, they tried to introduce new ideas. They thought new plants such as onions, turnips, sugarcanes and bananas would do well in the warm, tropical climate. But the Mexicans wished to continue(继续) with their old ways.
1.How much of the land in Mexico is good land for cattle and farm animals?
2.The high plateau in the middle of Mexico is a good farmland, isn’t it?
3.Why aren’t the coastal areas good for farming?
4.What did Spanish try to do in the 1500s?
5.Did the Mexicans want to grow the new crops?
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Answer the questions (根据短文内容完整回答下列问题)：
Editor’s note: Nowadays, thanks to the Internet, taking online classes is becoming more and more popular. Some people say that they are a convenient way to study. While others worry that students may get distracted (分心的) by the Internet. What's your view on online education?
Online classrooms are helpful and useful. We may put our heart into learning when we are alone in front of a computer with no one to distract us. In addition, taking courses online also means we may have more time to operate a compute which is a good way to practice our computer skills.
Jack, 15
I love taking online courses. They give me a lot more choices and freedom. We can choose to learn whatever we exactly need and even preview the lesson we'll learn in classrooms. Also. Online classes enable people to study whenever and wherever they want, which is very convenient.
Julia, 16
I don't think online education is a good way to study. There are many bad or wrong things you know on the Internet, which may distract students from the courses they are taking. Also, unlike students who study in the classroom, students taking online courses have no one to tell them where they are in the whole learning process.
Ben, 16
I think the idea of taking online courses is crazy. It may increase our exposure(暴露) to computers, and the radiation(辐射) from them may do harm to the human body and lead to our eyesight getting worse. Also, looking straight at a computer for along time without exercising could be harmful to our health.
1.Some people think talking online classes is convenient, don’t they?
__________________________________________________________________
2.Why does online learning make it easier to put our heart into learning?
__________________________________________________________________
3.Jack thinks online classes give him freedom. What example does he give to explain his view?
__________________________________________________________________
4.Why doesn't Julia think online education is a good way to study?
__________________________________________________________________
5.Ben and Julia are against online education for similar reasons, aren't they?
__________________________________________________________________
6.Do you think taking online courses is good or bad for us? Please give your reasons.
__________________________________________________________________
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Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题）
Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark, is famous for its biking culture. Its people have biked to work since the 1880s. And recently, it has shown again that it is one of the world’s great biking cities.
For the first time, there are more bikes than cars in the heart of the city, reported The Guardian. It has found 13,100 more bikes than cars in the city center over the past year. In the last 20 years, the number of bikes used has risen by 68 percent.
This is mainly because of the huge efforts（努力）that the local government have made to create a bike city. Since 2005, a large amount of money has been spent on biking, and the city now has several new bridges only for biking and walking.
Bikes are also becoming more and more popular in China. An increasing number of people are cycling instead of driving to school, to their workplace or to tourist attractions. Public bike rental（出租）services have also been introduced in many cities, including Beijing, Hangzhou and Changchun.
The introduction of Mobike, a new public bike rental system-which started in Shanghai in April and came to Beijing on Sept 1-brought the use of bikes to a whole new level. After Scanning（扫描）the QR code（二维码）on the bike, you can ride the Mobike’s orange bikes to your destination. It is far more convenient than the old bike rental system. New payment methods such as Alipay and WeChat are also supported by the service.
Despite this, it’s still not easy to ride bikes in Chinese cities. Because cars usually take up bicycle lanes（车道）,bikers often have to ride next to cars. However, Copenhagen is much friendlier to bikes. Lanes are built to encourage cycling. Traffic lights are timed for bicycle speeds.
For example, Cycle Snake, a high orange bike lane, allows fast bikers to go in both directions. In the mid-afternoon during the summer, bikers can see the daylight between two nearby buildings. It makes riding a bike even more enjoyable.
1.Copenhagen is one of the world’s great biking cities, isn’t it?
__________________________________________________________________
2.Why are there more bikes than cars in the heart of Copenhagen?
Because the local government ______________________to create a bike city.
3.When did Copenhagen began to spend money on biking?
__________________________________________________________________
4.Which cities in China have public bike rental services according to the passage?
__________________________________________________________________
5.How can you use the Mobike’s orange bikes?
By ________________________________________________________________
6.Would you like to cycle to school? Why or Why not?
__________________________________________________________________