Since English biologist Charles Darwin (1809 ...

Since English biologist Charles Darwin (1809 –1882) published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still the subject of speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things.

One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land.

Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again.

Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (过渡) from sea to land. Romer thought that tidal pools might have led to fish gaining limbs.

Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods” (四足动物). Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it.

Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋学家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, on Feb 15 that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Romer’s theory to places where fossil deposits (化石沉积) of the earliest tetrapods were found.

According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now.

The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained the UK’s University of Bangor ocean scientist Mattias Green. As he told Science: “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food … the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (空翻) themselves back in the water”.

As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “It’s only one of many ideas for the origin of land-dwelling (陆地栖息的) tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.

1.Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools?

A. Charles Darwin.　　 B. Alfred Romer.

C. Hannah Byrne.　　 D. Steven Balbus.

2.Why were tides stronger 400 million years ago than they are today according to Steven Balbus?

A. Earth moved faster than it does today.

B. Earth was closer to the sun than it is today.

C. Earth was closer to the moon than it is today.

D. Earth had larger oceans than it does today.

3.What does the underlined word “stranded” in Paragraph 8 mean?

A. Trapped.　　 B. Settled.

C. Survived.　　 D. Adapted.

4.What is the focus of the article?

A. The proposal of a new scientific theory.

B. The arguments over a scientific theory.

C. Some new evidence to support a previous theory.

D. A new discovery that questions a previous theory.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The great 46  scientist, Charles Darwin, was born on February 12, 1809. His father was a well-known doctor, and 47  that his son also would become a doctor.

As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and 48 , 49  nature and comparing what he saw with everything he had read in natural science books. He was fond 50   collecting animal and plant specimens 51  insects, birds, flowers and leaves.

At sixteen, Charles 52  Edinburgh University 53 . But he was interested in 54 . Then he was sent to Cambridge University, 55  he graduated in1831.

56  he heard that the ship Beagle(贝格尔号) was 57  to South America and wanted a naturalist. His biology professor advised him to go. He said the journey would be just the thing for Charles. So the Beagle left England in December 1831, Charles Darwin was 58 .

The expedition 59  almost five years. The Beagle 60  the waters near the east and west 61  of South America, and many other places. He 62  all kinds of plants and animals, which he sent home from the 63  he visited.

After returning from the expedition, Darwin continued his studies of changes in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals do not 64  the same, that they always change.

By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book “The Origin of Species”. It made a great noise in the word of science. Darwin was attacked by the 65  and even by some scientists. But later, more and more scientists agreed with him.

Darwin tirelessly continued his scientific studies until he died on April 19,1882.

高一英语完型填空困难题查看答案及解析

用英语写一篇介绍查尔斯·达尔文(Charles Darwin)的100词左右的短文。

人物：查尔斯·达尔文

生平：1809年2月( February)2日出生(be born)在离塞文河(the River Severn)不远的一个家庭里，十六岁时，达尔文进入爱丁堡大学(Edinburgh University)学医(study medicine)。后来，他又被送到剑桥大学(Cambridge University)学习，并于1831年毕业(graduated in 1831.)。达尔文持续不断地从事他的科学研究( continue his scientific studies) ，直到1882年去世。他被安葬 (be buried) 在伦敦威斯敏斯特教堂(Westminster Abbey)。

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高一英语书面表达中等难度题查看答案及解析

As a boy, Charles Robert Darwin(达尔文) collected anything that caught his interest: insects, coins and interesting stones. He was not very clever, but Darwin was good at doing the things that interested him.

His father was a doctor, so Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was planned to follow a medical career. But Charles found the lectures boring. Then his father sent him to Cambridge University to study to be a priest. While at Cambridge, Darwin’s interest in zoology and geography grew. Later he got a letter from Robert FitzRoy who was planning to make a voyage around the world on a ship, the Beagle. He wanted a naturalist to join the ship, and Darwin was recommended(推荐). That voyage was the start of Darwin’s great life.

As the Beagle sailed around the world, Darwin began to wonder how life had developed on earth. He began to observe everything. After he was home, he set to work, getting his collection in order. His first great work The Zoology of the Beagle was well received, but he was slow to make public his ideas on the origin of life.

Later Darwin and Wallace, another naturalist who had the same opinions as Darwin, produced a paper together. Darwin’s great book “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”(《物种起源》) appeared. It attracted a storm. People thought that Darwin was saying they were descended from monkeys. What a shameful idea! Although most scientists agreed that Darwin was right, the Church was still so strong that Darwin never received any honors for his work.

Afterwards, he published another great work, The Descent of Man. His health grew worse, but he still worked. “When I have to give up observation, I shall die,” he said. He was still working on 17, April, 1882. He was dead two days later.

1.Darwin’s father sent him to Edinburgh to _____.

A. make him like natural history

B. make him become a doctor

C. let him change his hobbies

D. have him give up his collection

2.According to the passage, Charles Darwin’s whole life was changed by _____.

A. his study at Cambridge University

B. his collection of coins

C. the naturalists at Cambridge

D. the voyage of the Beagle

3.The underlined part “they were descended from monkeys” probably means “_____”.

A. they gave monkeys life

B. they were different from monkeys

C. they were developed from monkeys

D. they had to live with monkeys

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The newly published book , which refers ____ basic English grammar , is ____ only for beginners .

A. as ; meant     B. for ; intended      C. to ; planned      D. to ; intended

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

After________ in the new course reform for many years, the English teacher published over 30 books.

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

The newly published book, which refers _______ basic English grammar, is _______only for beginners.

A. as; meant           B. for; intended               C. to; planned                    D. to; intended

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Since his students began using Quizlet, English teacher Tristan Thorne has noticed an improvement in their ability to learn and use new words. Quizlet is a learning App, a computer program you use on your mobile phone. It can help users build and test their knowledge of English words. Quizlet has word sets for millions of subjects. And, it is quickly becoming a useful mobile tool for language learners.

Thorne teachers at Columbia University in New York City. Thanks to learning Apps, Jeff Strack, another English teacher, has also notice improvement in his students’ ability to remember information. He teaches at Hostos Community College, also in New York. He and Thorne are part of a growing number of language educators adding mobile Apps to their classes.

Strack and Thorne seem to agree that the days when teachers would not permit the use of mobile phones are gone. When they use Apps, language learners communicate more differently than in a traditional classroom. Users act on or respond to something, instead of just listening to new information.

Thorne believes that Apps can help learners become more active in learning. For example, each week, his students are required to add vocabulary words into Quizlet for others to use. He says some Apps also make it easy for students to know their language strengths and weaknesses.

The biggest improvement Strack has seen in his students is that they are much more active inwhole-class or small-group discussions. “Apps let all students take part in the activity, whether it’s a game, quiz or practice activity.” he says.

Many existing learning Apps are designed for students of all ages and levels. Some are designed for group activities. Some support independent learning. Still some are good for homework. Thorne says he especially likes Quizlet and three other Apps: QR Codes, Socrative and Evernote.

1.What do Strack and Thorne do to improve their teaching?

A. They design learning Apps for their students.

B. They allow their students to use mobile Apps to study

C. They don’t allow their students to use Apps after class

D. They order their students not to use mobile phones in class

2.According to the text, Apps can help language learners __________.

A. save much time and money　　 B. take an active part in learning

C. remember their weaknesses　　 D. improve personal designing skills

3.What can we learn about the existing learning Apps?

A. They are designed for different uses.　　 B. They are too few to choose from.

C. They are only designed for homework.　　 D. They have three types in total.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A. Great changes in science and technology

B. The use of mobile phones will be gone

C. Ways to choose from different mobile Apps

D. Better language learning with mobile Apps

高一英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

The reporter says that the CCTV　　　　　　 English programs ever since 1977.

A. broadcasts　　　　 B. had broadcast

C. has been broadcasting　　 D. had been broadcast

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Most Chinese people these days know what it is like to have an "English teacher",since almost all pupils study English from their third year.Usually that first English teacher will be a young and lovely lady in primary school.But my first English teacher is no other than my father.Looking back,I can see that,when I was only a little girl,he created an English environment by providing me with flashcards（识字卡）,fun English-language toys and even dolls which can sing English songs!My interest in English had certainly been awakened（唤起）when I began to learn English at school.Just imagine,he went a step further and asked me to learn New Concept English by myself!I was confused（迷惑不解）and had much anger.I could not understand why a father could be so strict with his little girl.All the same,he never gave up and he gently insisted that I follow through with his ideas.At first,I read stories with tears in my eyes and I actually hated them because they were too difficult for me.In the end,I came.to love the funny stories and,to be honest,my father was always there with a helping hand.I am sure that my English would never have got so far without his support.And that's why my father is not only my first English teacher but also my lifelong teacher.He is the one who awoke my interest,who gave me confidence and who offered me much needed help.

1.Which of the following wasn't used by the father to create an English environment?

A.Flashcards. B.Fun English-language toys.

C.Dolls singing English songs. D.English books.

2.How did the author feel when she was asked to learn New Concept English?

A.Happy. B.Angry.

C.Excited. D.Amazed.

3.It can be known from the text that　　　　 .

A.the author's father is an English teacher

B.the author was interested in English after she learned New Concept English

C.the author's English wouldn't be so good without her father's help

D.the author had no difficulty when she first learned New Concept English

4.What could be the best title for the text?

A.My First and Lifelong English Teacher B.Different Ways to Learn English

C.My Good English D.Learn English or Not?

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析