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（东城一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Rooftop Gardens
Have you ever seen a rooftop garden—
a garden on the top of a roof? Many people are
finding it good for the environment and good for
themselves.
Cities can be as much as 4—10 degrees
warmer than the countryside. Green rooftops
can actually help cool the air in cities. A single green roof will not do much to change the temperature of a city. However, when more buildings begin to change their rooftops into green spaces, it makes a real difference. Buildings that are cooler also use air conditioning less often. This reduces the amount of energy a building uses, which is good for the environment. Cities are usually more polluted than other areas. Plants on rooftops can even help clean the air. Gardens in the city can also provide a place for birds and bugs to live in.
One unusual rooftop garden is located above Children’s Hospital in St. Louis, Missouri. The garden covers an area of 7, 500 square feet. The garden has flowers, fountains (喷泉），even a goldfish pond, and also paths that children can walk on in slippers or with bare feet. It is used as a place for the children and their parents to relax and be close to nature without leaving the hospital. Another interesting garden is on the rooftop of the Royal York Hotel in Toronto, Canada. A large vegetable garden has been planted on the roof. The hotel’s chefs (厨师）can pick fresh vegetables from the roof.
Now not all buildings have rooftop gardens. One reason is that rooftop gardens can be more expensive than traditional rooftops. However, they may save on heating and cooling bills in the future. Also, a roof needs to be flat and strong enough to support the weight of the garden.
Some people may not know about rooftop gardens and how good they can be for the environment. But word is starting to get out. You may want to keep your eyes on the skies when you walk in your town or city. You never know when you might find a secret garden many feet above the ground.
1.What is a rooftop garden?
2.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
3.What is the rooftop garden in Children’s Hospital in St. Louis used as?
4.Why is the rooftop garden of the Royal York Hotel interesting?
5.Why don’t all buildings have rooftop gardens?
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根据短文内容简要回答下面的问题。
Have you ever seen an animal without a head ? There is such an animal ! It has no tail or legs. Its body is full of holes. It eats and breathes but never moves. It lives under water. The water brings the ani8mal air. The water brings the animal little plants and animals to feed on. What animal is it ? It is the sponge(海绵).
The sponge is a water animal. Some sponges are found where the water is not very deep. Other sponges live on the floor of the sea. Sponges grow in many sizes,shapes, and colors.
Men have been diving for this animal since ancient times. People in ancient times used dried sponges for cleaning and painting.
Men still dive for sponges, Animal sponges are needed for many things. But most sponges sold in the store are not animals. Men make them.
1.What’s the name of the animal without a head ?
2.Where does the animal live ?
3.Why can this kind of animals live without moving ?
4.What’s the use of the animals for people in ancient times ?
5.Are the sponges sold in the store ?
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阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Have you ever walked down a city street and suddenly seen a bright garden full of vegetables and flowers?
It may be a community garden. The community gardens are planted by the people in the community. They are not just pretty places. They improve the neighbourhoods.
People first started planting these gardens during the 1970s. At that time, the price of vegetables and fruits was rising. In many city neighbourhoods, crime(犯罪) was increasing. There were also many other problems. People decided to get together to plant gardens to fight against these problems. The gardeners thought they might make the area more beautiful and improve people’s life.
These gardeners were right! Community gardens have many benefits. They improve their neighbourhoods. They also make people feel they belong to the community. When people work together in a garden, they feel they are connected with each other. People work on a small area within the garden. They grow vegetables or fruits. Each person decides what he or she is going to grow. However, they also work together to help each other. Some members have gardening experience. They can help those who are just learning how to grow vegetables and fruits.
Sometimes, garden members pay for supplies. The supplies usually include small plants and tools. Many community gardens have sponsors(赞助者). They pay for the supplies for the gardens. It helps to keep the gardens going every year. Sponsors may be parks, schools and local companies. Some groups want to be a part of the community. They help clean up and beautify a neighbourhood. They also pay for the supplies.
Community gardens give people a chance to work together. They can make the community stable(安定的). There are many programs of community gardens. Some gardens provide programs for children and elder people. They may provide classes. They may give the vegetables and fruits to poor people. Community gardens also improve air.
Today there are about 10,000 community gardens in cities in the US. They have become popular because of their benefits. People enjoy having vegetables and flowers in their neighbourhoods.
【小题】1.Who plant the community gardens?
A．Gardeners of the companies.
B．People in the community.
C．Sponsors in the community.
D．People from the government.
【小题】People started to plant community gardens because _______.
A．it was a good way to learn gardening
B．they liked fresh vegetables and flowers
C．it helped them get more experience
D．they wanted to solve the problems
【小题】What do sponsors do for community gardens?
A．They pay for the supplies.
B．They clean community gardens.
C． They provide classes.
D．They give poor people vegetables.
【小题】What is the passage mainly about?
A．The relationship of neighbours.
B．The future of community gardens.
C．The introduction of community gardens.
D．The experiments in community gardens.
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阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Ever feel like no one really understands you? Well “ Pepper” could be about to change all that. Pepper is the first robot to read human feelings. Using its emotion recognition functions, Pepper can react to people when it is near them－- making jokes, dancing and even singing in Japanese.
The man-like robot looks like a small girl. It is four-feet tall with a tablet computer set to its chest. It has human-like hands, a girl-like body and baby-like voice. It was shown to curious people in Tokyo stores on Friday by Softbank, a Japanese robotics company.
Pepper can examine facial expressions(面部表情)，human voice and signs, then make an answer. Pepper is designed to be a family robot, but it isn’t like Rosie who can do housework on the cartoon. Pepper is used at the home or the store, where we provide fun and entertainment.
Pepper gets power from love inside a family. Not only is he making jokes, making them laugh, it can also help people when they are in trouble. In a natural accident, it can help make those people who are sad or lonely feel relaxed, encourage them or make them laugh.
Pepper goes on sale in Japan for around $2,000 in February 2015. For now, several Peppers are at Softbank stores in Tokyo for people to visit. The creators say before selling Peppers, they want the robots to store more knowledge, to do better in getting along with human.
根据上面短文的内容回答问题(每题不超过8个单词)
1.What kind of robot is Pepper?
___________________________________________________________
2.Where was Pepper shown on Friday?
____________________________________________________________
3.What can Rosie probably do at home?
__________________________________________________________
4.How can Pepper help humans in a natural accident?
____________________________________________________________
5.When can people buy a Pepper?
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阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。
Have you ever wondered what an American high school is really like? This article will describe a typical (典型的) high school and its students.
A typical American high school has several large buildings and enough space for about 1,500 students. Every student is given a locker. When students first arrive at school, they go straight to their lockers to put away or get their textbooks and to hang up their outdoor clothes. As American textbooks are expensive, students would rather borrow than buy them. Students must pay back if they lose any of them.
American students have different types of school transport. They usually take a yellow school bus or walk to school if they live close enough. Sometimes their parents drive them to school. When they turn 16 years of age, most take a free driving class at school for one term. If students get passing grades in the class and also pass their state driver’s exam, they can begin driving themselves to school.
Each day, students take six or seven classes. They must take science, maths, English and social studies. They can choose art, homemaking, clothes making and other classes. In some schools students are asked to take one or more of the following special classes: health education, physical education or foreign language studies. Students move to different classrooms for each subject. This is because each teacher has their own classroom. There is a five-minute break between classes, to give the students the time to hurry to their next class.
The school day usually ends early in the afternoon. After school more than half of the students take part in after-school activities. These activities include sports --- especially football, basketball, baseball and soccer or clubs, such as yearbook, speech, school newspaper,
and photography and student government.
1.How many students are there in the typical American school?
2.What do they do first when they arrive at school?
3.What subjects must they study?
4.What do they do after school?
5.What can you learn about the American school life from the passage?
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任务型阅读 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题并按要求完成第105题。
Have you ever been in a rainforest? There aren’t any in Europe but there are some in Africa, Asia and South America. I was in a rainforest once. It was hot and dark. It was also very wet. Water was falling from the leaves of the trees like rain. The ground was covered with dead leaves but there were thousands of new plants growing.
The most exciting plants were the large trees. Some were 50 meters high. I could only see little pieces of blue sky through the leaves. All the trees had small plants growing on them, and some of these had beautiful, brightly colored flowers.
It was very noisy. I could hear lots of birds. They were hard to see but I saw one green and red parrot flying high above me. It was beautiful. The insects also made a lot of noise and I could feel them on my arms and legs.
I didn’t see any monkeys. They were probably sleeping high up in the treetops. I did see a small snake on the ground. I hate snakes so I walked quickly but carefully out of the forest.
I wouldn’t like to live in a rainforest but I am happy that I could see one before they all disappear from Earth.
1.Where can we see rainforests?
_____________________________________________________________
2.What did the writer think of the rainforest when he was in it once?
_____________________________________________________________
3.What were the most exciting plants?
_____________________________________________________________
4.Did the writer see any monkeys?
_____________________________________________________________
5.将划线句子翻译成汉语。
_____________________________________________________________
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阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Creator of e-mail makes use of ‘@’ sign
Does your class use e-mail? Have you ever tried to write a story for our newspaper and send it in by e-mail? E-mail is used for everything, and it makes life easier． But do you know where e-mail came from?
The man who invented it was Ray Tomlinson, a US engineer． He died early last month at the age of 74．
Back in 1971, Tomlinson was working on something that could send messages from one computer to another． Tomlinson tried to find a way to separate users’ name from the names of their computers． He needed some kind of symbol (符号)． However, it couldn’t be a popular one, and it couldn’t be one that computers might know in a different context (语境)． It also needed to be on keyboard at the same time． The “@” sign was there, and pretty much no one used it． It was perfect．
“The ‘@’ sign made the most sense,” he told Wired in 2012． “It said where the user was…at．” For example, by writing “Alex at 21st Century Teens” you can send a message to somebody named Alex who works at 21st Century Teens． This was the early form of email．
The interesting thing is that Tomlinson didn’t remember what the very first test message he sent was． “Probably the first message was QWERTYUIOP or something like that,” Yahoo reported, guessing the first row of letters on the keyboard．
Tomlinson, the father of e-mail, changed the way the world communicates and more importantly saved the symbol “@”．
Today, the “@” symbol is finding new life outside of our inboxes (收件箱)． Most famously, social media like Weibo and Wechat use it at the beginning of user names． So even if we don’t use e-mail some day, Tomlinson’s contribution (贡献) will certainly live on．
1.Who invented the e-mail?
_____________________________________________________________________
2.When did he invent the e-mail?
_____________________________________________________________________
3.Why did he choose the symbol “@”?
_____________________________________________________________________
4.What does “@” sign tell us?
_____________________________________________________________________
5.What’s the passage mainly about?
_____________________________________________________________________
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阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Creator of e-mail makes use of ‘@’ sign
Does your class use e-mail? Have you ever tried to write a story for our newspaper and send it in by e-mail? E-mail is used for everything, and it makes life easier. But do you know where e-mail came from?
The man who invented it was Ray Tomlinson, a US engineer. He died early last month at the age of 74.
Back in 1971, Tomlinson was working on something that could send messages from one computer to another. Tomlinson tried to find a way to separate users’ name from the names of their computers. He needed some kind of symbol (符号). However, it couldn’t be a popular one, and it couldn’t be one that computers might know in a different context (语境). It also needed to be on keyboard at the same time. The “@” sign was there, and pretty much no one used it. It was perfect.
“The ‘@’ sign made the most sense,” he told Wired in 2012. “It said where the user was…at.” For example, by writing “Alex at 21st Century Teens” you can send a message to somebody named Alex who works at 21st Century Teens. This was the early form of email.
The interesting thing is that Tomlinson didn’t remember what the very first test message he sent was. “Probably the first message was QWERTYUIOP or something like that,” Yahoo reported, guessing the first row of letters on the keyboard.
Tomlinson, the father of e-mail, changed the way the world communicates and more importantly saved the symbol “@”.
Today, the “@” symbol is finding new life outside of our inboxes (收件箱). Most famously, social media like Weibo and Wechat use it at the beginning of user names. So even if we don’t use e-mail some day, Tomlinson’s contribution (贡献) will certainly live on.
1.Who invented the e-mail?
2.When did he invent the e-mail?
3.Why did he choose the symbol “@”?
4.What does “@” sign tell us?
5.What’s the passage mainly about?
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任务型阅读 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题并按要求完成第105题。
Have you ever heard of e-books? E-books are electronic books. They are no larger than an ordinary（普通的）book, with a screen on which you can read.
How does the e-book work?
First, you call up websites on your computer and choose books that you want. There are thousands of books provided by different websites on the Internet. Then download the books you like on to your e-book. You can download about 10 books at a time. Now you can just sit back and enjoy yourself reading.
Compared with ordinary books, e-books have many advantages. First of all, e-books save space. You can put as many as 10 books into a thing no bigger than a pocket radio and then carry it everywhere. You can renew（更新） reading materials in your e-book as many times as you like. With the development of e-book technology, probably an e-library will appear. Then you just take your e-books there and download what you want to read. You no longer need to worry about whether your books are over-due( 逾期 )or not.
1.Is an e-book larger than an ordinary book?
______________________________________________
2.How many books can you download at a time?
______________________________________________
3.What will probably appear in the future?
______________________________________________
4.How many times can you renew reading materials in your e-book?
______________________________________________
5.将划线句子翻译成中文
_____________________________________________
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缺词填空，根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。请在答题纸上写出完整单词。
Have you ever seen Along the River During the Qingming Festival? Almost everyone has heard of this painting in his h 1. class. But how m 2. do you know about the famous painting?
It was painted by Zhang Zeduan, an a 3. in the Song Dynasty. The painting shows people's lives in the Song Dynasty. There are l 4. of shops, restaurants, hotels and houses on b 5. sides of the river, and the roads are c 6. with people.
Now you have the chance to feel like you're living in that time. The painting was remade into a 3D version. The people, animals and ships are moving in the p 7. .We can see the river flowing and hear the s 8. of the drum. From October 21st to D 9. 1lth, the 3D Along the River During the Qingming Festival will be shown in Shanghai. Don't f 10. to see it to feel people's lives in the Song Dynasty by yourself.
and photography and student government.