Researchers have discovered the first Earth-s...

Researchers have discovered the first Earth-sized planet. It was first marked by scientists' using NASA's Kepler telescope(望远镜), so it's called Kepler﹣186f. It lies about 500 light years from Earth and goes around its star.The planet is the right distance from its star for water: not too close or not too far. Water is one important condition that scientists guess is necessary for life. So it could have water and possible life. It's called a true Earth cousin.

"This planet is an Earth cousin, not an Earth twin," said Barclay, who is among a team of scientists reporting on the discovery in the magazine Science this week.

"It's very exciting to find a planet similar to the Earth，"Barclay said. "It's not easy work because things change as we get more measurements."

Scientists don't know anything about the air of Kepler﹣186f, but it will be a task for future telescopes which can study for chemicals that have something to do with life.

"It's possible for life to live in this planet, but that doesn't mean there is life in it," Barclay said.

So far, scientists have found nearly 1,800 planets in the universe.

"The past year has seen a lot of progress in the search for Earthlike planets. Kepler﹣186f is very important because it is the first planet that is the same temperature and is almost the same size as Earth,"scientist David Charbonneau wrote in an email.

1.Scientists have already found about ________ planets now.

A. 500　　 B. 186　　 C. 1,800　　 D. 1,801

2.Which of the following about Kepler﹣186f is NOT true according to the passage?

A. It could have water and possible life, so perhaps we might live there.

B. It's almost as hot as and as large as Earth.

C. In the future，scientists will study the chemicals of it by telescope.

D. It's an Earth﹣like planet.

3.What is the best title of the passage？

A. Space research

B. Journey to space

C. Is there water and possible life in Kepler﹣186f？

D. Scientists discover the most Earth-like planet

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _______ of Earth.

A. them　　 B. these

C. those　　 D. ones

高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Scholars and researchers have tried to discover what personality characteristics go along with success in intercultural experiences. Their findings have often been unclear or incomplete. But three characteristics stand out in their reports: patience, a sense of humor, and the awareness of being unclear.

Patience, of course, is the ability to keep calm even when things do not go as one wants them to, or hopes they will, or has even been sure they will. Impatience sometimes brings improvements in relations with other people, but usually it does not.

A person with a sense of humor is less likely to take things too seriously and more ready to see the humor in his own reactions than a humorless person. The value of a sense of humor really needs to be paid more attention to.

The awareness of being unclear is a more difficult concept than patience or a sense of humor. Foreigners often find themselves in situations that are unclear to the newcomers. That is, they do not know what is happening in the situation. Perhaps they do not understand the local language well enough, or they do not know how some system or organization works, or they can’t be sure of different people’s roles in what is going on. “It’s like I just got here from the moon,” a Chinese graduate student who newly arrived in the United States said, “things are just so different here.”

1.The passage mainly tells us________.

A. that it’s not easy to travel abroad

B. that humor is very important in communication

C. of some characteristics in dealing with foreigners

D. of three main ways useful for communicating with foreigners

2.According to the passage, what characteristic should be most focused on?

A. Patience.                                B. The awareness of being unclear.

C. The sense of humor.                      D. Understanding each other.

3.“The awareness of being unclear” refers to________.

A. knowing the meaning of an exact situation

B. not stating clearly what happens

C. realizing the possible misunderstanding in a situation

D. being aware of the unclear situation

4.According to the writer, the Chinese students is________.

A. a hard-working student                   B. recently back from the moon

C. interested in the study of moon          D. not used to the culture in America

5.Which of the following can best sum up the passage?

A. It is necessary to learn the language before you go to the country.

B. Americans are used to the culture of other countries.

C. One needs many characteristics to live in a foreign country.

D. To live in a foreign land one should get fully prepared.[

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A new planet has been discovered recently. It’s ______ Earth，and hopefully it can support human life.

A. almost three times the size of                  B. three times the size than

C. three times almost as large as                 D. almost three times as larger as

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

It’s reported that scientists in London have found the best diet for both humans and the planet.

If the world followed the so-called “planetary health” diet, each year more than ll million early deaths could be avoided according to the scientists. For the health of the planet, they say the same diet will reduce (减少) greenhouse gases and save more land, water and animals. This new food plan is the result of a three-year project organized by The Lancet health journal.

Tim Lang, a professor at Britain’s University of London. He said, “The food we eat and how we produce it decide the health of people and the planet.” Lang added, The world’s population is expected to grow to 10 billion people by 2050. If we want to feed everyone, we all need to change what we eat and the way we eat by improving food production and reducing food waste”. So, what do you eat on the “planetary health” diet?

The scientists who created the “planetary health” diet say it is largely plant-based but still has a little milk, fish and meat. The diet calls for cutting down red meat and sugar by 50 percent and increasing nuts, fruits, and vegetable.

Walter Willet of Harvard University in the United States also talked about the “planetary health” diet. He said, “More than 800 million people around the world do not get enough food while many more people have very unhealthy diets.”

The scientists think it difficult to reach their aim. But for them, doing nothing is also not a choice Willet said, “If we can’t make the best diet, it’s better to try and get as close as we can.”

1.What decides the health of people and the planet according to Tim Lang?

A.The taste of the food.

B.The number of population.

C.The climate and our living conditions.

D.The food we eat and the way we produce it.

2.What does the “planetary health” diet mainly contain?

A.Milk. B.Meat.

C.Sugar. D.Plants.

3.What do scientists say about the “planetary health” diet?

A.It is very easy to produce it.

B.It is better to try their best to make it.

C.It is better to do nothing than fail.

D.It is impossible to make it.

4.What is the best title for the text?

A.Humans Health Is Very Important.

B.Many People don’t Get Enough Food.

C.A New Kind of diet may Save the Plane.

D.Different People have Different Eating Habits.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷尔蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.

“Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men tend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status,” said Professor Ryan.

Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互动) such as falling in love or giving birth.

But in a former experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.

Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship.

Professor Ryan’s recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37.

Half of the participants（参与者）received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰剂).

After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went through the same procedure with the other material.

Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.

The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men’s ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.

Professor Ryan thus concluded: “Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people’s abilities to better distinguish many kinds of social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal.”

1.What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?

A. Placebo.　　　 　　 　 B. Oxytocin.

C. The gesture.　　　　 D. The social status.

2.What can we learn from Professor Ryan's former experiment?

A. Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.

B. Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.

C. Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others’ success.

D. Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.

3.Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?

A. To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.

B. To know the differences between friendship and competition.

C. To know people’s different abilities to answer questions.

D. To test people’s understanding of body language.

4.The underlined word “distinguish” has the closest meaning to ______.

A.accept　　　 B.discover　　　　 C.differ　　　　 D.explore

5.The author develops the text by______.

A. explaining people’s behaviors

B. describing his own experiences

C. distinguishing sexual differences

D. discussing research experiments

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When digging outside the city walls, researchers 1. (discover) thirty to forty bodies lying one on top of another. They had been murdered.

The men dug with great care, trying not to disturb the　 2.(evident) of what had happened. Everyone was curious 3.why all these people had been killed at the same time. Was it just 4. coincidence?

Deep in the ground below the bodies, they found a tomb 5. was made of stone. It contained many valuable things, 6. (include) much gold and many jewels. Inside it lay the body of a man that was 7. (good) preserved. It was clear that the man had been a king, 8. explained why the other bodies were there. The workers who had built the tomb were killed shortly after the king 9. (die). That was because they wanted to keep the tomb a secret, and to make 10. (they) companions for him in death.

高一英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Having an outdoor meal is always fun, but it can also be damaging to the planet if__________.

A.planned not carefully B.not planning carefully

C.not planned carefully D.not to be planned carefully

高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

Having an outdoor meal is always fun, but it can also be damaging to the planet if__________.

A. planned not carefully　　 B. not planning carefully

C. not planned carefully　　 D. not to be planned carefully

高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

The “Bystander Apathy Effect” was first studied by researchers in New York after neighbors ignored — and in some cases turned up the volume on their TVs — the cries of a woman as she was murdered (over a half-hour period). With regard to helping those in difficulty generally, they found that:

(1) women are helped more than men;

(2) men help more than women;

(3) attractive women are helped more than unattractive women.

Other factors relate to the number of people in the area, whether the person is thought to be in trouble through their own fault, and whether a person sees himself as being able to help.

According to Adrian Furnham, Professor of University College, London, there are three reasons why we tend to stand by doing nothing:

(1) “Shifting of responsibility”— the more people there are, the less likely help is to be given. Each person excuses himself by thinking someone else will help, so that the more “other people’ there are, the greater the total shifting of responsibility.

(2) “Fear of making a mistake” — situations are often not clear. People think that those involved in an accident may know each other or it may be a joke, so a fear of embarrassment makes them keep themselves to themselves.

(3) “Fear of the consequences if attention is turned on you, and the person is violent.”

Laurie Taylor, Professor of Sociology at London University, says: “In the experiments I’ve seen on intervention (介入), much depends on the neighborhood or setting. There is a silence on public transport which is hard to break. We are embarrassed to draw attention to something that is happening, while in a football match, people get involved, and a fight would easily follow.”

Psychotherapist Alan Dupuy identifies the importance of the individual: “The British as a whole have some difficulty intervening, but there are exceptional individuals in every group who are prepared to intervene, regardless of their own safety: These would be people with a strong moral code or religious ideals.”

1.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Pretty women are more likely to be helped.

B.People on a bus are more likely to stop a crime.

C.Religious people are more likely to look on.

D.Criminals are more likely to harm women.

2.Which factor is NOT related with intervention according to the passage?

A.Sex. B.Nationality. C.Profession. D.Setting.

3.Which phenomenon can be described as the “Bystander Apathy Effect”?

A.When one is in trouble, people think it’s his own fault.

B.In a football match, people get involved in a fight.

C.Seeing a murder, people feel sorry that it should have happened.

D.On hearing a cry for help, people keep themselves to themselves.

4.The author wrote this article ______.

A.to explain why bystanders behave as they do

B.to urge people to stand out when in need

C.to criticize the selfishness of bystanders

D.to analyze the weakness of human nature

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析