Astronomers and scientists think that a black...

Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space ______ which matter has fallen and _______ which nothing can escape.

A．into; from                             B．towards; towards

C．out of; from                           D．through; through

高一英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists have discovered a “monster black hole” so massive that, in theory, it shouldn’t exist. It’s a stellar (恒星) black hole — the type that forms after stars die, collapse, and explode. Researchers had previously believed that the size limit was no more than 20 times the mass of our sun because as these stars die, they lose most of their mass through explosions that expel (排出) matter and gas swept away by stellar winds.

This theory has now been toppled by LB-1, the newly discovered black hole. Located about 15,000 light years away, it has a mass 70 times greater than our sun, according to a press release from the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

The findings were published by Chinese researchers in the journal Nature on Wednesday. “Black holes of such mass should not even exist in our galaxy, according to most of the current models of stellar evolution,” said Liu Jifeng, head of the team that made the discovery.

“LB-1 is twice as massive as what we thought possible. Now theorists will have to take up the challenge of explaining its formation.”

Scientists are now scratching their heads at how LB-1 got so huge.

The Chinese team has proposed a number of theories. LB-1’s sheer size suggests that it “was not formed from the collapse of only one star,” the study said — instead, it could potentially be two smaller black holes orbiting each other.

Another possibility is that it formed from “fallback supernova.” This is when a supernova — the last stage of an exploding star — ejects (排出) material during the explosion, which then falls back into the supernova, creating a black hole.

This fallback formation is theoretically possible, but scientists have never been able to prove or observe it. If this is how LB-1 formed, then we may have “direct evidence for this process” for the first time, the study said.

There are several types of black holes and stellar black holes like LB-1 are on the smaller side, according to NASA. Supermassive black holes are much bigger — they can be billions of times the mass of our sun.

Scientists believe supermassive black holes may be connected to the formation of galaxies, as they often exist at the center of the mass star stems but it is still not clear exactly how, or which form first.

1.Why does the writer write the article?

A.To report the great achievement Chinese scientists have made in black hole theory.

B.To inform the readers of the basic knowledge about the black hole.

C.To share with the readers the new development of the black hole discovery.

D.To demonstrate the significance of discovering new black holes for science.

2.What does the underlined word “toppled” mean in the second paragraph?

A.overturned B.supported C.suspected D.tested

3.Which of the following about LB-1 is true to the passage?

A.It is the biggest black hole ever discovered.

B.It lost only a small part of its mass through explosion.

C.It couldn’t have been formed from the collapse of one star,

D.Its discovery may lead to some breakthrough in the “fallback formation theory”.

4.Which of the following is right according to the passage?

A.If the sun in our galaxy dies some of its mass will be taken away by stellar winds.

B.A massive supernova will be formed and then exploded if the sun in our galaxy dies.

C.“The Milky Way” was formed after a supermassive black hole collapsed and exploded.

D.If “the Milky Way” dies, a supermassive black hole will be formed after its death.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Man has a big brain. He can think, learn and speak. Scientists once thought that men are different from animals because they can think and learn. They know that animals can learn—dogs, rats, birds can learn. So scientists are beginning to understand that men are different from animals because they can speak. Animals cannot speak. They make noises when they are afraid, or angry, or unhappy. Apes（猿） can understand some things more quickly than human, one or two have learnt a few words. But they are still different from us. They cannot join words and make sentences; they cannot think like us because they have no language. They can never think about the past or the future.

Language is a wonderful thing. Man has been able to build a modern world because he has language. Every child can speak his own language very well when he is four or five—but no animal learns to speak. How do children learn? What happens when we speak? Scientists do not know.

They only know that man can speak because he has a big brain.

1.In what way are men different from animals?

A. Men have learnt to use language.

B. Men can learn.

C. Men can understand things quickly.

D. Men have brains.

2.What is the thing an ape cannot do?

A. Making noises.　　　　　　 B. Understanding things.

C. Learning words.　　 　 D. Speaking like men.

3.Scientists now know _______.

A. how children learn to speak

B. what happens when men speak.

C. why apes can learn a few words

D. man's brain helps him to learn to speak

4.What is the suitable topic for this passage?

A. Ape's Language.　　　　　　 B. Man's brain and Language.

C. Human Brain.　　　　　　　　 D. Animals Learning.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets (行星) don't? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the_third_planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are hot that their surfaces bake (烘烤) in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.

When the earth developed — which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago — many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.

Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars (火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special space suit, you could walk around on Mars. You would have to bring your own air to breathe, the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.

Mars has the largest volcano (火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. The most unexpected (未预测到的) sight on Mars is dried up river beds. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.

1.Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?

A. The earth is just the right temperature.

B. The volcanos on earth are lower than those on Mars.

C. There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.

D. The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.

2.The underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to ________.

A. the Sun　　　　　　　　　     B. the Moon

C. the Earth　　　　　　　　     D. the Mars

3.Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true?

A. There could have been living things on Mars.

B. Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.

C. There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.

D. Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

The earth is the only planet that scientists think has life. Why does the earth have life while the other planets don’t? For one thing, the earth is just the right temperature. As the third planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away. The planets which are closer to the sun are so hot. The farthest planets are cold balls.

When the earth developed—which scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years ago—many gases covered the earth. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something wonderful happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard for a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants to grow. The plants created oxygen in the atmosphere. Oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.

Only one other planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth. That planet is Mars(火星). Mars is smaller than the earth, and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. On some days, the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern United States. If you wore a special spacesuit, you could walk around on Mars. The most difficulty is that you have to bring your own air to breathe, because the air on Mars is too thin to breathe.

Mars has the largest volcano(火山) in the solar system. It is sixteen miles high. The highest volcano on the earth is five miles high. Scientists believe that Mars was once much better than it is now. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars? Scientists are not sure, but there has been no sign so far.

1.Which of the following is NOT the reason that the earth has life?

A. The earth is just the right temperature.

B. There is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.

C. The volcanoes on the earth are lower than those on Mars.

D. The earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.

2.The underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to_______.

A. the Sun　　 B. the Moon

C. the Earth　　 D. the Mars

3.Which of the following about the Mars is NOT true?

A. There is almost no oxygen in the air on Mars.

B. There could have been living things on Mars.

C. Mars has the largest volcano in the solar system.

D. Mars is smaller and quite a bit cooler than the earth.

4.Which is the first trouble for human to live on Mars?

A. The volcanoes.　　 B. The temperature.

C. The air.　　 D. The food.

5.Which of the following is probably the best title for the passage?

A. The Earth　　 B. The Moon

C. Planets in the Solar System　　 D. Mars is Most Like the Earth

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

It is well known that Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time, but I think he was also a really great person. I’ve done some research on him and 1. _______ something interesting.

When Einstein started to work in America, someone asked him what he needed. He said he needed a desk, some 2. _______ and a pencil. He also asked for a big wastepaper basket to 3. _______ all of his mistakes. This shows that he knew even the 4. _______ man in the world can only learn by making mistakes.

Einstein was also very modest(谦虚的). Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework. One day, he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to 5. _______ about her maths homework because he thought maths was difficult too.

Einstein regarded time as very valuable. He never wore socks, because he thought 6. _______ socks was a waste of time as people already wore 7. _______. He also thought it was a waste of time remembering things that could be found in a book. That’s 8. _______ he never remembered his own phone number, which was in the phone book. He knew what was worth 9. _______. It is true that if we are going to do  10. _______ things in our lives, we can’t waste time.

高一英语完型填空困难题查看答案及解析

30. The man that people think is a black sheep in the city will ____ imprisonment.

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces(熔炉) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.

The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.

After the explosion, gravity pulls in what's left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so solid that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billion of pounds.

The more the star shrinks(收缩), the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!

That's what we know about black holes. What we don't know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.

But if the black hole doesn't keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a "white hole" in a different universe. As the black hole swallows(吞噬) light, the white hole shines brightly--somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time--many years in the past or future.

Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed(挤压). So far the time being, black hole must remain a mystery.

Black holes are a mystery--but that hasn't stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth's energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste--a sort of huge waste disposal(处理) in the sky!

1.When the star begins to die ______.

A. there is no fuel left in it　　 B. a huge explosion will happen

C. its outer layer goes into space first　　 D. it doesn't give off light any longer

2.Which of the following doesn't help produce a black hole?

A. The dying star shines very brightly.

B. The light can't go out of the star.

C. The star becomes smaller and smaller

D. The gravity inside the star is very strong.

3.The black hole ______.

A. continues becoming smaller and smaller all the time

B. goes into another universe and becomes a white hole

C. will appear at another place at a different time

D. can pull in everything we know of in the world

4.What's the best title for this passage?

A. A New Scientific Discovery: Black Holes　　 B. What Are Black Holes?

C. What Are Black Holes? How Do Black Holes Come Into Being?　　 D. Travel Through A Black Hole

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

A black hole is created when a large star burns out. Like our sun, stars are unbelievably hot furnaces(熔炉) that burn their own matter as fuel. When most of the fuel is used up, the star begins to die.

The death of a star is not a quiet event. First there is a huge explosion. As its outer layer is blasted off into space, the dying star shines as brightly as a billion suns.

After the explosion, gravity pulls in what's left of the star. As the outside of the star sinks toward the center, the star gets smaller and smaller. The material the star is made of becomes tightly packed together. A star is so solid that a teaspoon of matter from it weighs billions of pounds.

The more the star shrinks(收缩), the stronger the gravity inside it becomes. Soon the star is very tiny, and the gravity pulling it in is unbelievably strong. In fact, the gravity is so strong that it even pulls light into the star! Since all the light is pulled in, none can go out. The star becomes black when there is no light. Then a black hole is born!

That's what we know about black holes. What we don't know is this: What happens inside a black hole after the star has been squeezed into a tiny ball? Does it keep getting smaller and smaller forever? Such a possibility is hard to imagine.

But if the black hole doesn't keep shrinking, what happens to it? Some scientists think black holes are like doorways to another world. They say that as the star disappears from our universe, it goes into another universe. In other words a black hole in our universe could turn into a "white hole" in a different universe. As the black hole swallows(吞噬) light, the white hole shines brightly--somewhere else. But where? A different place, perhaps, or a different time--many years in the past or future.

Could you travel through a black hole? Right now, no. Nothing we know of could go into a black hole without being crushed(挤压). So far the time being, black hole must remain a mystery.

Black holes are a mystery--but that hasn't stopped scientists from dreaming about them. One scientist suggested that in the future we might make use of the power of black holes. They would supply all of Earth's energy needs, with plenty to spare. Another scientist wondered if a black hole could some day be used to swallow earthly waste--a sort of huge waste disposal(处理) in the sky!

1.When the star begins to die ______.

A. there is no fuel left in it　　 B. a huge explosion will happen

C. its outer layer goes into space first　　 D. it doesn't give off light any longer

2.Which of the following doesn't help produce a black hole?

A. The dying star shines less brightly.

B. The light can't go out of the star.

C. The star becomes smaller and smaller

D. The gravity inside the star is very strong.

3.The black hole ______.

A. continues becoming smaller and smaller all the time

B. goes into another universe and becomes a white hole

C. will appear at another place at a different time

D. can pull in everything we know of in the world

4.What's the best title for this passage?

A. A New Scientific Discovery: Black Holes

B. What Are Black Holes?

C. How Do Black Holes Swallow Light?

D. Travel Through A Black Hole

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Astronomers have discovered that three planets have sizes and temperatures similar to _______ of Earth.

A. them　　 B. these

C. those　　 D. ones

高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析