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The decline in sea ice seen in the Arctic in recent decades has been linked by scientists to the spread of a deadly virus in marine (海洋的) mammals. Researchers found that Phocine distemper virus (PDV) had spread from animals in the North Atlantic to populations in the North Pacific.
According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the ice has been retreating by around 12% per decade between 1979 and 2018. These sea ice changes in September (2018) are likely unprecedented (前所未有的) for at least 1, 000 years. “Between 1979 and 2018, the real proportion (比例) of multi-year ice that is at least five years old has declined by approximately 90%,” the IPCC said in their report on the oceans and the cryosphere (冰冻圈) published in September.
Against this changing background, researchers have investigated the likely spread of the PDV infection, which caused a large number of deaths among harbour seals in the North Atlantic in 2002. Melting sea ice is now connecting marine mammals, like these Steller sea lions, which were formerly separated by ice . “As animals move and come in contact with other species, they carry opportunities to introduce and catch new infectious disease, with potentially destructive effects.” said author Dr Tracey Goldstein, from the University of California, Davis.
The authors warn that this trend could continue as they believe climate driven changes in the Arctic ocean will increase. The opportunities for the spread of PDV will likely grow, with uncertain health outcomes for many species.
1.What does the word “populations” in paragraph 1 refer to?
A.The marine mammals. B.The people.
C.The virus. D.The land animals.
2.What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?
A.The loss of sea ice. B.The formation of sea ice.
C.The effect of sea ice. D.The proportion of sea ice.
3.What does paragraph 3 try to tell us?
A.How marine mammals adapt to their habitats.
B.How a large number of seals died in the Arctic.
C.How melting ice is linked to the spread of virus.
D.How marine mammals live with the melting ice.
4.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?
A.Entertainment. B.Health.
C.Education. D.Nature.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice is decreasing in the Arctic global warming.
A．as a result of B．on top of C．in front of D．in need of
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice _______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased
C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice _______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B.decreased
C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice _____ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. more than C. attach D. apply
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
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In the past decades, sea ice ______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A．had melted B．has been melting C．melted D．is melting
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice ________in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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Over the past decades, sea ice ________in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
-
Over the past decades, sea ice ________in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased B. decreased C. has been decreasing D. is decreasing
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
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The temperature is rising again in the Arctic. The sea ice area has dropped to one of the lowest levels on record， climate scientists reported last week.
“The new Arctic Report Card tells a story of widespread and continued effects of a warming Arctic，” said Jackie Richter-Menge of the US’s Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory.
“This isn’t just a climatological (气候学的) effect. It impacts the people that live there，” she added.
Scientists concerned about global warming focus on the Arctic because that is a region where the effects are expected to be felt first， and that has been the case in recent years.
There was a slowdown in Arctic warming in 2009， but in the first half of 2010 warming was near a record pace. The monthly readings were over 4 degrees Celsius above normal in northern Canada， according to the report card. The report card was prepared by 69 researchers in eight countries.
Researchers said last winter’s big snow storms that struck some Northern countries were tied to higher Arctic temperatures.
“Normally the cold air is bottled up in the Arctic，” said Jim Overland of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “But last December and February， winds that normally blow west to east across the Arctic were instead bringing the colder air south，” he said.
“As we lose more sea ice... warming in the atmosphere can create more of these winter storms，” Overland said.
There is a powerful connection between ice cover and air temperatures， Richter-Menge explained. When temperatures warm， ice melts. When ice melts it shows darker surfaces underneath ， which absorb more heat. “That， in turn， causes more melting and on the cycle goes，” she said.
In September the Arctic sea ice extent was the third smallest in the last 30 years， added Don Perovich of the US Army Laboratory. He said the three smallest ice covers have occurred in the last four years.
1.Scientists care so much about the warming in the Arctic region because .
A .the climate in the Arctic doesn’t change much
B. global warming effects are most serious in the Arctic region
C .there has been a major decrease of Arctic warming in recent years
D. by studying the region they can make predictions about the future impact of global warming
2.. Which of the following shows that the Arctic is getting warmer？
A. The surface of the sea ice in Arctic is getting darker and darker.
B. The Arctic sea ice extent has disappeared over the last 30 years.
C. The sea ice extent has increased to one of the highest levels on record.
3. What does the underlined word “cycle” refer to？
A .Ice giving off heat when it melts.
B. Higher temperatures bringing more storms.
C .The cause and the result of the melting.
D. The life of the people living in the Arctic getting worse.
4. According to researchers what led to big snow storms attacking some Northern countries last winter？
A. Higher Arctic temperatures.
B. The melting ice.
C. The cold wind blowing west to east.
D. Cold air bottled up in the Arctic.
5. What is the main point of the article？
A. Last winter’s big snow-storms.
B. Winds in the Arctic region.
C. Arctic warming and its possible effects.
D. Changes to the life of people living in the Arctic.
高三英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
