All adults at some time or another commit (犯罪...

All adults at some time or another commit (犯罪) a crime, sometimes by accident, but why do some people intentionally commit crimes? Here are three theories that try to explain the causes of criminal behaviour.

GENETIC (遗传的) CAUSES

The idea that some people commit crimes because of biological causes has a long tradition. This theory suggests that criminals are born, not made. In the 19th century some people even thought brain sizes and skull shapes could explain criminal behaviour. Although experts today no longer believe this, they do argue that human behaviour can be linked to an individual’s genes. Studies of adopted children who show criminal behaviour suggest that their behaviour is more similar to their biological parents behaviour-than their adoptive parents’, showing a genetic link.

ENVIRONMENT

This theory states that a person’s surroundings influence their behaviour. Just as children learn good behaviour from their parents and brothers or sisters, children can learn bad behaviour from their families and other close relationships. Researchers in this area argue that early anti-social (反社会的) behaviour in childhood often leads to a future of criminal behaviour. It is a dangerous circle, as one expert states: “Problem children are likely to grow up into problem adults, and problem adults are likely to produce more problem children.”

CHOICE

The central idea of this theory is that crime is a career decision, an alternative (可选择的) way of making a living. The theory argues that most criminals are sensible people, who know what they want and the different ways of getting it, i.e. work or crime. They are able to balance the risks of committing a crime, such as going to prison, against its benefits, i.e. what they gain if they aren’t caught. The conclusion is: if there are more benefits than risks, do it, but if there are more risks than benefits, don’t do it.

1.What does the second theory conclude?

A.A family determines a child’s future.

B.Relatives play a key role in a person’s crime.

C.Uneducated children tend to become criminals.

D.The environment greatly influences people’s behaviour.

2.According to the text, criminals ________.

A.consider what they can lose and gain in a crime

B.don’t think before they decide on a life of crime

C.tend to believe they can avoid the risks of a crime

D.often achieve their goals through crime instead of work

3.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Types of crimes

B.Crimes and punishments

C.Why do people commit crimes?

D.What influences will crimes have?

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We’ve all been hurt by another person at one time or another. This pain causes problems. It not only causes us to be unhappy, but can ruin relationships, distract(使分心) us from work and family and other important things, make us unwilling to open up new things.

We need to learn to let go. We need to be able to forgive, so we can move on and be happy. Forgiveness does not mean you erase the past, or forget what has happened. All it means is that you are letting go of the anger and pain, and moving on to a better place.

It’s not easy, but you can learn to do it.

Think about the advantages and disadvanges. Think of all the problems this pain causes you, and realize you need to change. Then think of the benefits of forgiveness—— how it will make you happier, free you from the past and the pain, and improve your relationships and life in general.

Try to put yourself in that person’s situation. Try to understand why the person did what he did. What could he have felt as he did it, and what did he feel afterward? How does he feel now? You aren’t saying what he did is right, but are trying to understand instead.

Understand your responsibility. Try to figure out how you could have been partly responsible for what happened. This isn’t to say you’re taking all the blame, or taking responsibility away from the other person, but to realize that we are not victims(受害者) but participants in life.

Allow peace to enter your life. As you focus on the present, try focusing on your breathing. Imagine each breath going out is the pain and the past, and imagine each breath coming in is peace, entering you and filling you up.

Title:  How to let go and forgive

高二英语填空题简单题查看答案及解析

We all, at one time or another, have pretended to be a rock star, singing and dancing along to our favorite song. Most of us have done this in the privacy of our own room when we were kids and as adults, in the privacy of our homes. Me? I love to do that when I drive! I turn on the radio, find a song that I can sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythm. Most of the time, I do this on my way to work.

　Yes, that is true. I will be in my nice work clothes, jamming while driving or stopped at a traffic light. I get weird looks from some people and others laugh. Personally, I love to get lost in the rhythm of a song which leads me to share with you the importance of being silly!

　The definition for the word silly, according to the dictionary is: stupid, foolish and nonsensical. I know many people do not want to look foolish. So they walk around all serious, which in all honesty, is foolish!

　No one is perfect, I repeat: no one is perfect. I don’t care how educated, how thin, how beautiful, how simple, how frugal, how rich, and so on… No one is perfect! So why pretend to be something you are not?

Life is so short… You never know when this beautiful journey will be over, so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity(呆板)? Here is a quote by Souza, that I think says it all and is a great recipe for life:

　"Dance as though no one is watching you,

　Love as though you have never been hurt before,

　Sing as though no one can hear you,

　Live as though heaven is on earth."

　When we were kids, we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others. However, as we grew up, we lost that childlike innocence.

So don’t lose the child that still lives within you. The next time you feel down, go turn on your favorite song, and sing and dance along like there is no tomorrow. Or watch something that makes you laugh. Laughter is the best medicine to whatever ails you and nothing is better than laughing so hard that your tummy hurts. Trust me, you will feel a whole lot better, and who doesn’t want to feel good?

1.According to the passage, what does the writer usually do?

A.He pretends to be a rock star. B.He dances in his own home.

C.He sings songs while going to work. D.He gets jammed on his way to work.

2.What do other people think of the writer?

A.They think that the writer is strange. B.They look down upon the writer.

C.They believe that the writer is lonely. D.No one is interested in the writer.

3.What is the writer’s opinion about the people who look very serious?

A.They are honest. B.They are silly.

C.They are perfect. D.They are educated.

4.The writer quotes Souza to show that _______.

A.life is a beautiful journey B.life is full of rigidity

C.life is like a great recipe D.life is to be treasured

5.The underlined part “the child” in the last paragraph probably refers to _______.

A.the writer B.any child

C.the feeling of being a child D.the time of being a child

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder (阻碍) your career goals.

Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? nearly twice as many women than men aged 18-44 were reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.

This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It is also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying “no”. Women want to be able to do it all—volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals—and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”

Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say “no” may be hurting women’s health as well as their career.

At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don’t want to be viewed as aggressive at work. For example, there is a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over who should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them. most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what’s the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem—even if that means doing the boring work themselves.

This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate (知人善任) and manage resources wisely—including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight you inability to delegate effectively.

1.What does the author say is the problem with women?

A. They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.

B. They are usually more committed at home than on the job.

C. They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.

D. They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.

2.Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel exhausted?

A. They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.

B. They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.

C. They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.

D. They have to take up too many responsibilities.

3.Men and women differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that ________.

A. women tend to be easily satisfied

B. men are generally more persuasive

C. men tend to put their personal interests first

D. women are much more ready to do the boring work

4.What is important to a good leader?

A. An aggressive personal.　　 B. The ability to delegate.

C. The courage to admit failure.　　 D. A strong sense of responsibility.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We’ve all done it at one point or another. You’re driving along to work or school when that familiar sound reaches your eardrums(耳膜). You look down, reach into your pocket and begin to read, your steering wheel(方向盘) in one hand, your phone in the other. As you respond to that text message from your friend, you look intermittently(间歇地) at the road, and then back down at your phone. You’ve done it plenty of times before. What can go wrong?

What do you think is the number one killer of teenagers in the U.S.? Drugs? Alcohol? Violence? The answer is distracted driving. According to the National Safety Council, over 24 percent of all motor vehicle crashes involve cell phone use. Either a quick 30-second phone call or a simple text reading may be the cause of a traffic accident. In addition, drivers who talk on a cell phone, whether hands-free or not, are four times more likely to crash.

The risk of teenagers getting into an accident rises sharply. According to keepthedrive.com, more than 3,000 teenagers die in car accidents each year with about another 450,000 teenagers being injured. Additionally, according to a University of Utah study, reading or sending even one text message is equal to having a 0.08 alcohol level. In most states, that is considered as drunk-driving.

So, how do you prevent yourself from the danger of distracted driving? The answer is simpler than you might think. Put your phone away. Mute(消音) your phone or just turn it off while driving. If you still can’t help reaching for your phone, throw it on the backseat. This way, you won’t be able to get to it until you arrive at your destination.

You may get away with talking on the phone now, but there may be a day when you don’t. Dropping your phone may be an inconvenience, but it’s better than being a victim of your distracted driving.

高二英语其他题中等难度题查看答案及解析

Grammarphobia is the fear of grammar. This fear attacks almost everybody at one time or another, and it's most likely to strike during English or language arts classes. Even people who love reading and writing have been known to get feverish and insecure when they are aware of the possibility of turning in homework with grammar or spelling mistakes. Though writing may be enjoyable, being corrected is definitely not!

Grammarphobes, it's time to put your fears behind you. Grammar isn't that dreadful (可怕的). Here's why.

Let's assume you like hearing and telling stories and that you enjoy joking with friends. You probably also like e­mailing and instant­messaging.　 Well, what do you think makes all these possible? Grammar!

Grammar is simply the art of putting words together to make sentences. Whenever you use words to express yourself, you're using grammar. You do this all the time without even thinking.

So why think about it? Because good grammar helps you convey the ideas you intend. If your words aren't right, or if they are not in the right order, the person you are talking to might get the wrong idea. This can have embarrassing results.

Grammar helps us understand each other.　 It's like a manual (手册) for assembling the words in your head. You have to put your words together the right way if you want them to make sense. They can't do what you want if they aren't put together correctly.

What if everybody you know had a different manual? How would you agree on what others' words mean? People with different grammar manuals might be speaking different languages.

Communicating is similar to playing cards.　 To make sense, we have to play the same game, by the same rules. What are the rules for playing the game of English? You already know most of them without having to open a book.

1.Grammarphobes refer to people who ________.

A. consider grammar to be boring

B. are afraid of making grammar mistakes

C. mind grammar too much in writing

D. are worried about grammar homework

2. The underlined word “assembling”　 in Paragraph 6 may mean ________.

A. directing　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. remembering

C. looking for　　　　　　　　　　 D. bringing together

3.What does playing cards have in common with communicating?

A. Both can be learned easily.

B. Both can be interesting games.

C. Both need standards.

D. Both can make sense for our life.

4.What might be the main idea of the passage?

A. Grammar is not horrible.

B. Forgetting grammar when writing.

C. Improving grammar through writing.

D. What is grammarphobia?

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We’ve all felt discouragement at one point or another in our lives. However, when this emotion bleeds into other aspects of our life, it can sometimes be inappropriate or even harmful.

I was personally discouraged by an adult during my high school. After telling her what university I wanted to attend, she plainly told me I would not get in. I was completely shocked and angry at her statement. The adult may have not intended to hurt me with her words, but it had an after effect. The meeting made me think she had no belief that I could possibly succeed in the future. After that it caused me to try to avoid any future meeting with adults until absolutely necessary.

We are all human; therefore, we can all understand that some days are more challenging. But when people allow situations of stress to consume(充满) them, they cannot perform their best. People should pay attention to how their reactions could affect the person they are interacting with. People have the potential to perform their best when they are indulged in the task at hand, but adults who come off in a rude and aggressive way through communication have an effect on teenagers’ mind.

Adults whether in schools, or any other institutions should work to tear down walls gently and create a safe space for the person they are serving. These adults should also help and contribute to a person’s academic, personal and professional growth. High school is an important time when young people need someone to believe in them.

In conclusion, I would like to add that it is not completely up to adults only. Students are responsible for seeking help from adults who are in authority(权威) positions. They are also responsible for the way they approach adults in their academic surroundings. Students can expect to be treated in a respectful way when they express at the beginning. Generally the responsibility lies on both parties. When both sides can communicate in a polite manner then the complete environment of the school has the potential to develop well.

1.The passage is mainly about ______.

A. the adults’ roles in school

B. the skill to encourage students

C. the way to communicate with children

D. the importance of personal professional growth

2. Who are responsible for children’s development at school according to the writer?

A. Students.　 　　 B. Teachers.

C. Headmasters.　 D. Both students and teachers.

3.The underlined phrase probably “are indulged in” means “______”.

A. are weak in 　　　　 B. are amazed at

C. are interested in　 D. are unbearable with

4.The writer once tried to avoid meetings with adults because ______.

A. he was very busy

B. he thought highly of himself

C. he was once hurt by an adult

D. he couldn’t get high marks at school

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

We’ve all felt discouragement at one point or another in our lives. However, when this emotion bleeds into other aspects of our life, it can sometimes be inappropriate or even harmful.

I was personally discouraged by an adult during my high school. After telling her what university I wanted to attend, she plainly told me I would not get in. I was completely shocked and angry at her statement. The adult may have not intended to hurt me with her words, but it had an after effect. The meeting made me think she had no belief that I could possibly succeed in the future. After that it caused me to try to avoid any future meeting with adults until absolutely necessary.

We are all human; therefore, we can all understand that some days are more challenging. But when people allow situations of stress to consume(充满) them, they cannot perform their best. People should pay attention to how their reactions could affect the person they are interacting with. People have the potential to perform their best when they are indulged in the task at hand, but adults who come off in a rude and aggressive way through communication have an effect on teenagers’ mind.

Adults whether in schools, or any other institutions should work to tear down walls gently and create a safe space for the person they are serving. These adults should also help and contribute to a person’s academic, personal and professional growth. High school is an important time when young people need someone to believe in them.

In conclusion, I would like to add that it is not completely up to adults only. Students are responsible for seeking help from adults who are in authority(权威) positions. They are also responsible for the way they approach adults in their academic surroundings. Students can expect to be treated in a respectful way when they express at the beginning. Generally the responsibility lies on both parties. When both sides can communicate in a polite manner then the complete environment of the school has the potential to develop well.

1.The passage is mainly about ______.

A. the adults’ roles in school

B. the skill to encourage students

C. the way to communicate with children

D. the importance of personal professional growth

2.Who are responsible for children’s development at school according to the writer?

A. Students. 　　 B. Teachers.

C. Headmasters.　 D. Both students and teachers.

3.The underlined phrase probably “are indulged in” means “______”.

A. are weak in　 　　　　 B. are amazed at

C. are interested in　 D. are unbearable with

4.The writer once tried to avoid meetings with adults because ______.

A. he was very busy

B. he thought highly of himself

C. he was once hurt by an adult

D. he couldn’t get high marks at school

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Fever, coughing, sore throat… most of us at one time or another have had these symptoms. What causes them?　 In fact, many diseases are caused by viruses, including some deadly ones like AIDS, SARS and COVID-19, also known as the novel coronavirus pneumonia, outbreak in China.

What are viruses?　 How can viruses cause so much trouble?　 Viruses are very small particles (颗粒) which are about one millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, viruses aren’t living organisms- they can't reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over.

Virus can infect every living thing- from plants and animal down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they are always a potential danger to humans. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system.

But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. "Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult, "Ed Rybicki, a scientist at the university of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, "because viruses don' t leave fossils and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they've invaded.”

However, there are three main theories to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as dependent organisms, then became parasites(寄生者)。Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that "escaped" .from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.

For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most reasonable explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers or future studies may find that the answer is even more mysterious than it now appears.

1.What can we learn about viruses from the text?

A.Viruses are really small living organisms.

B.Viruses have nothing to do with the common cold.

C.Viruses can't reproduce unless they find a host cell.

D.Viruses enter our bodies mainly through our mouths, noses and hair.

2.Why are viruses always a potential danger to humans?

A.TH most infect all the living things around us.

B.They prefer evolving with the cells in our body.

C.They can copy human's DNA and evolve successfully.

D.They can enter our body far more easily than other living things.

3.Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses?

A.They evolved from the DNA of animals.

B.They evolved along with their host cells.

C.They evolved from the fossils of large organisms.

D.They evolved from parasites to independent organisms.

4.What can we conclude from the last paragraph?

A.The author is confident about future virus research.

B.Viruses will become more like bacteria as they evolve.

C.Viruses live longer in human host cells than in animals.

D.It may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

At times when you are feeling low or you are let down, you seem to need some kinds of emotional or mental support. You usually speak to your closest friends or dearest family members during times of hardship to ease the burden.1.You are supposed to listen to it. Here are some tips to improve your inner voice.

2.Many people have trouble letting go of negative thoughts that they have about themselves. These negative thoughts often come from outside people whose opinion we value and from whom we seek love and being accepted.

If you find yourself feeling negatively about yourself and you are less perfect, take three simple steps. Stop your current line of thinking, and then pay attention to the effort that will be required to work towards a goal, then steadily apply the required effort.3.It can help you appreciate your own good work.

Saying “I am such a failure” after getting fired from a job is inaccurate and unfair to you. Instead, make the useful comment, “I lost my job, but I can use this experience to find and keep a new job.”4.You can think like this, “I don’t know how to do this basic home repair. Perhaps I could take a class and learn to do this in the future.”

Do not believe the worst can happen. It can be easy to feel that the most unpleasant result will take place with every situation.5.

A. You should overcome negative beliefs about yourself.

B. Focusing only on the negatives in your life is a bad habit.

C. During these times, your inner voice automatically gives its decision.

D. If you feel absurd, it’s more likely that you lack knowledge about something.

E. You had better change your focus from a final product to the struggle behind a task.

F. Your inner voice is always right most of the times because it knows better than others.

G. However, changing your inner thoughts to be realistic or truthful can help you avoid it.

高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析