A book is made of wood. But it is not a tree. The dead cells have been repurposed to serve another need.
Now a team of scientists has repurposed living cells—scraped(刮落)from frog embryos—and assembled them into entirely new life forms. These millimeter-wide “xenobots” can move toward a target, perhaps pick up a payload(like a medicine that needs to be carried to a specific place inside a patient)—and heal themselves after being cut.
“These are novel living machines,” says Joshua Bongard, a computer scientist and robotics expert at the University of Vermont who co-led the new research. “They're neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal. It's a new class of artifact：a living, programmable organism.” “We can imagine many useful applications of these living robots that other machines can't do,” says co-leader Michael Levin, “like searching out nasty compounds or radioactive contamination(污染物), gathering microplastic in the oceans, traveling in arteries(动脉)to scrape out plaque.”
People have been manipulating(操纵)organisms for human benefit since at least the dawn of agriculture, genetic editing is becoming widespread, and a few artificial organisms have been manually assembled in the past few years—copying the body forms of known animals. But this research, for the first time ever, “designs completely biological machines from the ground up," the team writes in their new study.
Many people worry about the implications of rapid technological change and complex biological manipulations. "That fear is not unreasonable,” Levin says. "When we start to deal with complex systems that we don't understand, we're going to get unintended consequences.” “If humanity is going to survive into the future, we need to better understand how complex properties, somehow, emerge from simple rules,” says Levin. Much of science is focused on "controlling the low-level rules. We also need to understand the high-level rules." In other words, “this study is a direct contribution to getting a handle on what people are afraid of, which is unintended consequences,” Levin says.
1.What do we know about the “xenobots” from Paragraph 2?
A.They need to be carried to a specific place.
B.They're capable of self-healing after injury.
C.They are scraped from some new life forms.
D.They can remove an object to another place.
2.Michael Levin thinks these living robots can __________.
A.recycle microplastic in the oceans
B.take in nasty compounds
C.programme other organisms
D.take away the plaque in arteries
3.What does the underlined sentence(in Paragraph 4)probably mean?
A.People never created these biological robots in history.
B.These machines were copied from the very beginning.
C.The research is completely carried out on the playground.
D.Organisms have been developed since agriculture.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.This study is bound to bring about panic in public.
B.People boycott employing rapid technological change.
C.Science is focused on controlling the low-level rules.
D.Some study is likely to contribute to unexpected results.
高三英语阅读理解困难题
A book is made of wood. But it is not a tree. The dead cells have been repurposed to serve another need.
Now a team of scientists has repurposed living cells—scraped(刮落)from frog embryos—and assembled them into entirely new life forms. These millimeter-wide “xenobots” can move toward a target, perhaps pick up a payload(like a medicine that needs to be carried to a specific place inside a patient)—and heal themselves after being cut.
“These are novel living machines,” says Joshua Bongard, a computer scientist and robotics expert at the University of Vermont who co-led the new research. “They're neither a traditional robot nor a known species of animal. It's a new class of artifact：a living, programmable organism.” “We can imagine many useful applications of these living robots that other machines can't do,” says co-leader Michael Levin, “like searching out nasty compounds or radioactive contamination(污染物), gathering microplastic in the oceans, traveling in arteries(动脉)to scrape out plaque.”
People have been manipulating(操纵)organisms for human benefit since at least the dawn of agriculture, genetic editing is becoming widespread, and a few artificial organisms have been manually assembled in the past few years—copying the body forms of known animals. But this research, for the first time ever, “designs completely biological machines from the ground up," the team writes in their new study.
Many people worry about the implications of rapid technological change and complex biological manipulations. "That fear is not unreasonable,” Levin says. "When we start to deal with complex systems that we don't understand, we're going to get unintended consequences.” “If humanity is going to survive into the future, we need to better understand how complex properties, somehow, emerge from simple rules,” says Levin. Much of science is focused on "controlling the low-level rules. We also need to understand the high-level rules." In other words, “this study is a direct contribution to getting a handle on what people are afraid of, which is unintended consequences,” Levin says.
1.What do we know about the “xenobots” from Paragraph 2?
A.They need to be carried to a specific place.
B.They're capable of self-healing after injury.
C.They are scraped from some new life forms.
D.They can remove an object to another place.
2.Michael Levin thinks these living robots can __________.
A.recycle microplastic in the oceans
B.take in nasty compounds
C.programme other organisms
D.take away the plaque in arteries
3.What does the underlined sentence(in Paragraph 4)probably mean?
A.People never created these biological robots in history.
B.These machines were copied from the very beginning.
C.The research is completely carried out on the playground.
D.Organisms have been developed since agriculture.
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.This study is bound to bring about panic in public.
B.People boycott employing rapid technological change.
C.Science is focused on controlling the low-level rules.
D.Some study is likely to contribute to unexpected results.
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Although it doesn't look like＿，the entire cathedral is made of wood.
A. it B. that C. this D. such
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Although it doesn’t look like _______, the entire church is made of wood.
A． it B． that C． this D． such
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Although it doesn’t look like _______, the entire church is made of wood.
A. it B. that C. this D. such
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Day of the Dead, an ancient Mexican festival, is not a sad day, but____time to celebrate ____ cycle of life.
A. a, the B.不填, the C. 不填, a D. the, a
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
（2010·绵阳模拟 1）The Day of the Dead, an ancient Mexican festival, is not a sad
day, but________time to celebrate ________cycle of life.
A．a；the B．不填； the C．不填；a D. the； a
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Day of the Dead, an ancient Mexican festival, is not a sad day, but________time to celebrate ________cycle of life.
A．a, the B．不填, the C．不填,a D. the, a
高三英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The Day of the Dead, an ancient Mexican festival, is not a sad day, but____________time to celebrate cycle of life.
A．a, the B．不填, the C．不填,a D. the, a
高三英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
Washington is home to lots of trees, fireplaces and wood-burning stoves. But what if you couldn’t chop _______ or couldn’t afford to pay someone to do it? _______, Shane McDaniel and his twin sons are happy to chop truckloads of wood—then donate it to those in need.
The _______ started as a father-son bonding project. “I had to cut wood with my dad. He just _______ doing it,” says Shane. He wanted to _______ that feeling, so he and the twins spent the summer of 2018 chopping wood. The _______ was a great wall of wood piled up.
It was too _______ for the McDaniels to use themselves, and when the weather turned cold that November, Shane started thinking of others. He _______ a photo of them and “Please help us help someone who ARE IN NEED OF FIREWOOD AND CANNOT AFFORD IT.” on Facebook. The _______ was immediate. One man ____________ to donate a wood-burning stove. One woman, noticing the photo of the McDaniel men in the Facebook post, felt ____________: “Please post more pictures. I don’t need the wood. ____________ truly I appreciate the eye candy!”
Single mom Katelyn Ticer and her four-year-old daughter ____________ a wood-burning stove as their sole source of heat, so it was a ____________ to receive a truckload of firewood from the McDaniels. She told msn.com, “So much stress and anxiety is ____________ my shoulders. I couldn’t be more thankful.”
Not every receiver is as ____________. “Some aren’t even friendly. It’s just not in them,” Shane says. “They are angry with the world and ____________ that they had to ask for help. They just have no other option than ____________.” But Shane is OK with that. “Giving is the ____________,” he says. “It has nothing to do with how well it’s received; it’s about how much it’s ________________
1.A.board B.wood C.bushes D.trees
2.A.Suddenly B.Surprisingly C.Excitedly D.Luckily
3.A.idea B.issue C.connection D.impression
4.A.tried B.hated C.loved D.minded
5.A.believe in B.show off C.start with D.pass along
6.A.result B.reason C.bonus D.promise
7.A.cheap B.little C.much D.expensive
8.A.saw B.took C.searched D.posted
9.A.advice B.analysis C.arrangement D.response
10.A.failed B.offered C.happened D.ceased
11.A.warm B.cold C.depressed D.satisfied
12.A.So B.Or C.But D.And
13.A.gave back B.took over C.relied on D.picked out
14.A.burden B.chance C.trouble D.relief
15.A.on B.off C.from D.across
16.A.grateful B.helpful C.hopeful D.careful
17.A.happy B.mad C.curious D.terrified
18.A.starving B.wandering C.freezing D.begging
19.A.reward B.success C.fault D.dilemma
20.A.ignored B.needed C.refused D.acknowledged
高三英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Time flies, but the tracks of time remain in books and museums. This is what made a recent tragedy in Brazil even more terrible.
On Sept.2, a big fire ripped through the National Museum of Brazil. “ Two hundred years of work, research and knowledge were lost, ” Brazilian President Michel Temer wrote on Twitter after the fire. “It's a sad day for all Brazilians.”
Most of the 20 million pieces of history are believed to have been destroyed. Only as little as 10 percent of the collection may have survived, Time reported. Among all the items, there were Egyptian mummies, the bones of uniquely Brazilian creatures such as the long－necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus, and an 11,500－year－old skull called Luzia, which was considered one of South America's oldest human fossils.
Besides these, Brazil's indigenous(本土的，土著的) knowledge also suffered. The museum housed world－famous collections of indigenous objects, as well as many audio recordings of local languages from all over Brazil. Some of these recordings, now lost, were of languages that are no longer spoken.
“The tragedy this Sunday is a sort of national suicide, a crime against our past and future generations,” Bernard Mello Franco, one of Brazil's best－known columnists, wrote on the O Globo newspaper site.
The cause of the fire is still unknown, as BBC News reported on Sept. 3. After the fire burned out, crowds protested outside the museum to show their anger at the loss of the irreplaceable items of historical value.
According to Emilio Bruna, an ecologist at the University of Florida, museums are living, breathing stores of who we are and where we've come from, and the world around us.
Just as underwater grass floats on the surface if it loses its roots, a nation is lost without its memories. The fire at the National Museum of Brazil teaches the world an important lesson: We should never neglect history.
1.What can be summarized as the main idea of the 3rd and 4th paragraphs?
A. Long history of South America. B. Remains from the fire.
C. Mysteries to be solved. D. History and knowledge burned up.
2.What opinion may be shared by Bernard Mello Franco and the protesters?
A. The government is to blame for the tragedy.
B. The museum should be rebuilt
C. The loss can't be made up for.
D. The criminal should be sentenced to death.
3.What does Emilio Bruna compare museums to?
A. Living stores of our past. B. Underwater grass.
C. The oldest fossils. D. National suicide.
4.What may be the best title of the passage?
A. Death of a civilization B. Functions of museums
C. Gone with the fire D. Brazilians' memories
高三英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析