Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people's health is the amount of education they have.
In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United States census(人口普查). These counts of people occur every 10 years. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.
Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25 year old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.
In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000 could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact.
Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people have made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.
Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.
“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn't always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that's something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”
Meara points out that education can often determine income — people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do not show that people who make more money are automatically healthier. Meara says education is key. People need to be educated in order to take advantage of opportunities for better health.
Title: The Amount of Education 1. ____________ to People’s Health.
Groups of people | Less educated people | 2. __________ educated people | |
Analysis of the 3._________ from the census | In 1990 | They could live for 75 years. | They could live to the age of 80. |
In 2000 | Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990. | They could live 4.___________ to the age of 81.6. | |
In the past ten years | Their life expectancy remained 5. __________. | They made gains in the length of their lives partly 6.__________ to their quitting smoking or not smoking at all. | |
7. ____ of the research | People are getting healthier in general, but it doesn’t mean that all parts of the population are enjoying the advantages and successes. | ||
Income is 8._________ to education. People with more education make more money, which helps to 9. _________ their awareness of health care, keeping them healthier. | |||
10. _________ | Education is the key to better health. | ||
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Harvard University health policy researcher Ellen Meara says scholars have found some clues as to why some groups of people have more or less disease than others. She says one important factor in people's health is the amount of education they have.
In her most recent paper, Meara looked at data from the United States census(人口普查). These counts of people occur every 10 years. Meara and her colleagues examined data from several decades.
Meara says they found that in 1990, a 25-year-old who only had some secondary school could expect to live for a total of 75 years. In 2000, a 25 year old with some secondary education could also expect to live to the age of 75.
In contrast, for a better educated 25-year-old, they could expect to live to the age of 80 in 1990. Someone with a similar education level in the year 2000 could expect to live to be more than 81 years, 81.6 years to be exact.
Meara says, not only do better-educated people live longer to begin with, but in the past ten years, more educated people have made gains in the length of their lives. Meanwhile, the life expectancy hasn’t changed for less educated people.
Some of these gains can be explained. Meara says researchers know that people who are more educated are more likely to quit smoking cigarettes, or not start at all, compared to people with less education.
“I think it’s a reminder not to be satisfactory,” Meara says. “Just because a population overall appears to be getting healthier, it doesn't always mean that those advantages and successes that many people have enjoyed really extend into all parts of the population. And I think that's something to really pay attention to regardless of whether you live in the US or elsewhere.”
Meara points out that education can often determine income — people with more education frequently make more money. This makes them aware of health care, and purchase other resources and services that can keep them healthier. But the data on income do not show that people who make more money are automatically healthier. Meara says education is key. People need to be educated in order to take advantage of opportunities for better health.
Title: The Amount of Education 1. ____________ to People’s Health.
Groups of people | Less educated people | 2. __________ educated people | |
Analysis of the 3._________ from the census | In 1990 | They could live for 75 years. | They could live to the age of 80. |
In 2000 | Their life expectancy was the same as in 1990. | They could live 4.___________ to the age of 81.6. | |
In the past ten years | Their life expectancy remained 5. __________. | They made gains in the length of their lives partly 6.__________ to their quitting smoking or not smoking at all. | |
7. ____ of the research | People are getting healthier in general, but it doesn’t mean that all parts of the population are enjoying the advantages and successes. | ||
Income is 8._________ to education. People with more education make more money, which helps to 9. _________ their awareness of health care, keeping them healthier. | |||
10. _________ | Education is the key to better health. | ||
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Scientists at Harvard University have recycled a kidney(‘肾)-in a rat. The researchers removed a kidney from a dead rat. Later, the renewed kidney was put into a living rat. It wasn't perfect. It did, however, show signs of working like a kidney should.
"It's really beautiful work," Edward Ross, a kidney researcher at the University of Florida in Gainesville, told Science News. He didn't work on the new study.
Kidneys are bean-shaped and act like guards in the body. They clean the blood by removing waste and extra water. Every day, an adult's kidneys filter(过滤) enough blood to fill a bathtub half full. Along the way, they produce eight cups of urine(尿) from that waste and water. When a person's kidneys fail, all of that waste stays in the body. Such patients can quickly become very sick and die, unless they are regularly connected to a machine that filters their blood.
At any given time, about 100,000 people in the United States are waiting for a replacement kidney. But healthy donated kidneys are difficult to get. Either a living person must donate one, or a kidney must be removed from someone who just died and earlier had agreed to the donation. In either case, people receiving new kidneys face the risk that their bodies will reject the donated ones.
But there may be another option. Researchers use knowledge of living things to grow or improve tissue that can aid human health. Harald Ott's team at Harvard started with a "used" kidney.
Scientists added kidney cells from rats and blood vessel cells from people to the matrix(母体). These cells attached themselves and began to multiply. Before long, they formed new kidney tissue.
The scientists placed this renewed kidney into another rat. There it produced a small amount of urine. This experiment shows that the lab-grown kidney can do at least some of the work performed by a healthy kidney.
The results are a promising first step toward helping people with serious kidney problems. "This is still very early, but they've come a long way," Ross said.
1.What can we infer from Paragraph l?
A. Biology is a new and helpful science.
B. It's hard to put the rebuilt kidney into the rat.
C. Kidneys are very important to our life.
D. A used kidney may be recycled for new life.
2.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A. The relationship between kidneys and health.
B. The difficulty of curing serious kidney diseases.
C. The function and importance of kidneys.
D. The methods of curing kidneys diseases.
3.For what purpose does the author use the figure 100,000 in Paragraph 4?
A. To stress used kidneys are hard to get.
B. To show the great need for healthy kidneys.
C. To explain many American people get kidney diseases.
D. To call on people to donate kidneys.
4.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The scientists are satisfied with the result of the experiment.
B. Ross is a kidney expert who is involved in the experiment.
C. The function of the renewed kidney is the same as a healthy kidney.
D. The renewed kidney produced a great deal of urine.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes. “Shoes convey useful information about their wearers”, the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone's shoes. In the study, 63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people. However,some of the more specific results are strange enough. For example, “practical and functional ''shoes were generally worn by more “pleasant" people, while ankle boots were more linked with “aggressive” personalities. The strangest of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities. And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them, you may suffer from “attachment anxiety", spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance. There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal (主张变革的) types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.
1.What does this text mainly tell us?
A.Shoes Call hide people's real personalities.
B.Shoes convey false information about the wearer.
C.People's personalities call be judged by their shoes.
D.People know little about their personalities.
2.Which of the results is beyond people's expectation?
A.Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes.
B.Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes.
C.Aggressive people are likely to weal" ankle boots.
D.Flashier shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.
3.People suffering from “attachment anxiety” tend to
A.wear strange shoes B.worry about their appearance
C.have a calm character D.become a political leader
4.The author wrote the text in order to
A.inform us of a new study
B.introduce a research method
C.teach how to choose shoes
D.describe different personalities
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger’s personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes.
“Shoes convey a thin but useful slice of information about their wearers,” the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality. “Shoes serve a practical purpose, and also serve as nonverbal indications with symbolic messages. People tend to pay attention to the shoes they and others wear.”
Medical Daily notes that the number of detailed personality traits detected in the study include a person’s general age, their gender, income, political affiliation(派别), and other personality characteristics, including someone’s emotional stability.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style, cost, color and condition of someone’s shoes. In the study, 63 University of Kansas students looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study’s participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
So, what do your shoes say about your personality?
Some of the results were expected: People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was typically worn by extroverts(外向者).
However, some of the more specific results are interesting. For example, “practical and functional” shoes were generally worn by more “agreeable” people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with “aggressive” personalities.
The strangest of all may be that those who wore “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities.
And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take exceptional care of them, you may suffer from “attachment anxiety”, spending a large amount of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance. There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities.
1.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that___________.
A. shoes are vital to their wearers
B. a practical purpose is to wear shoes
C. people want to buy new shoes they pay attention to
D. shoes may give away their wearers’ information
2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A. People with high incomes probably wear expensive shoes.
B. Ankle boots are closely aligned with “aggressive” personalities.
C. People wearing “uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to be calm
D. People who wear practical and functional shoes may be hard to deal with
3.The underlined word “attachment anxiety”, probably means ___________.
A. Attached happiness to one’s personality.
B. Feeling always worried about everything.
C. Often feeling worried about his or her appearance.
D. Wasting an inordinate amount of time.
4.Which might be the best title for the passage?
A. Bad Shoes, Bad Personality.
B. People Are What They Wear.
C. How To Choose Suitable Shoes
D. Shoes Reflect A Person’s Personalities.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person’s shoes.“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers,’’the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style,cost,color and condition of someone’s shoes.In the study,63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study’s participants.Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes,and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected:People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes,and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people.However,some of the more specific results are strange enough.For example,“practical and functional’’ shoes were generally worn by more “pleasant" people,while ankle boots were more linked with ‘‘aggressive’’ personalities.The strangest of all may be that those who wore ‘‘uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities.And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them,you may suffer from “attachment anxiety",spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance.There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主张变革的)types wearing “shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities,but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.
1.What does this text mainly tell us?
A.The richer you are , the more expensive shoes you will wear.
B.Shoes convey false information about the wearer.
C.People’s personalities can be judged by their shoes.
D.People know little about their personalities.
2.Which of the results is beyond people’s expectations?
A.Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes.
B.Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes.
C.Aggressive people are likely to wear ankle boots.
D.Flashier shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.
3.People suffering from“attachment anxiety” tend to
A.wear strange shoes
B.worry about their appearance
C.have a calm character
D.become a political leader
4.The author wrote the text in order to
A.inform us of a new study
B.introduce a research method
C.teach how to choose shoes
D.describe different personalities
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers at the University of Kansas say that people can accurately judge 90 percent of a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.“Shoes convey useful information about their wearers,”the authors wrote in the new study published in the Journal of Research in Personality.
Lead researcher Omri Gillath said the judgments were based on the style,cost,color and condition of someone's shoes. In the study,63 University of Kansas researchers looked at pictures showing 208 different pairs of shoes worn by the study's participants. Volunteers in the study were photographed in their most commonly worn shoes,and then filled out a personality questionnaire.
Some of the results were expected:People with higher incomes most commonly wore expensive shoes,and flashier shoes were typically worn by outgoing people. However,some of the more specific results are strange enough. For example,“practical and functional”shoes were generally worn by more“pleasant”people,while ankle boots were more linked with“aggressive”personalities. The strangest of all may be that those who wore“uncomfortable looking” shoes tend to have “calm” personalities. And if you have several pairs of new shoes or take extreme care of them,you may suffer from“attachment anxiety”,spending lots of time worrying about what other people think of your appearance. There was even a political calculation in the mix with more liberal(主张变革的)types wearing“shabbier and less expensive” shoes.
The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personalities,but researchers noted that volunteers were also likely to be unaware that their footwear choices were showing the deep side of their personalities.
1.What does this text mainly tell us?
A. Shoes can hide people's real personalities.
B. Shoes convey false information about the wearer.
C. People's personalities can be judged by their shoes.
D. People know little about their personalities.
2.The participants were asked to__________________.
A. provide pictures of their shoes
B. look at pictures of different shoes
C. design a personality questionnaire
D. hand in their commonly worn shoes
3.Which of the results is beyond people's expectation?
A. Wealthy people often wear expensive shoes.
B. Pleasant people like wearing uncomfortable shoes.
C. Aggressive people are likely to wear ankle boots.
D. Flashier shoes are typically worn by outgoing people.
4.People suffering from “attachment anxiety” tend to_______________ .
A. wear strange shoes B. worry about their appearance
C. have a calm character D. become a political leader
5.The author wrote the text in order to_____________ .
A. inform us of a new study
B. introduce a research method
C. teach how to choose shoes
D. describe different personalities
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
Ellen Parker was worried about her health. She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs. She was soon out of breath.
“I suppose I had better go to the doctor.” she thought.
She went to the doctor and told him her problem.
“I'm not at all surprised.” he said, “I know what your problem is.”
He examined her and then gave her some advice.
“If you don't do what I say, Mrs Parker,” he said, “You will have a heart attack (心脏病发作). It could kill you.”
Ellen was very worried as she left the doctor's. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time.
The next day she went shopping. The first shop she went into was a butcher shop (肉铺).
“I'd like ten pounds of steak (牛排), please.” she said.
“Certainly, madam.” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale (称).
“That's just ten pounds.” he said.
“That's big enough.” Mrs Parker said.
The butcher worked out the price.
“At S|4.99 a pound that will be S|49.90, please. Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you?”
“Oh, I don't want to buy the meat.” Mrs Parker said.
“If you don't want to buy it,” the butcher replied angrily, “Why did you ask me to get it for you?”
“My doctor told me that I am too heavy and have to lose ten pounds. I wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.”
1.Why did Ellen Parker visit the doctor?
A. She had a heart attack. B. She had a problem with her health.
C. She was unhappy about her weight. D. She could not sleep well.
2.Why did Ellen Parker ask for ten pounds of steak?
A. She wanted to buy some for dinner.
B. She wanted to lose weight.
C. Her doctor had told her to eat steak.
D. She wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.
3.What was Ellen Parker's real problem?
A. She ate too much steak. B. She weighed too much.
C. She was often out of breath. D. She could not walk very quickly.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Ellen Parker was worried about her health. She could not walk very quickly and it was difficult for her to climb stairs. She was soon out of breath. “I suppose I had better go to the doctor,” she thought. She went to the doctor and told him her problem. “ I’m not at all surprised,” he said. “It’s obvious what your problem is .” He examined her and then gave her some advice. “If you don’t do what I say, Mrs. Parker,” he said, “you will have a heart attack. It could kill you.” Ellen was very worried as she left the doctor’s. She knew that she had to take his advice but that it would not be easy and it would take time.
The next day she went shopping. The first shop she went into was a butcher’s shop. “I’d like ten pounds of steak, please,” she said. “Certainly, madam,” the butcher replied and went into the cold room and found a large piece of steak. He brought the huge piece of meat back into the shop and placed it on the scale(天平). “That’s just under ten pounds,” he said. “That’s big enough.” Mrs. Parker said. The butcher worked out the price. “At $ 4.99 a pound that will be $ 49.50, please. Would you like me to cut it up into smaller pieces for you?” “Oh, I don’t want to buy the meat,” Mrs. Parker said. “If you don’t want to buy it ,” the butcher replied angrily, “why did you ask me to get it for you ?”
“My doctor told me that I am overweight and have to lose ten pounds. I wanted to see what ten pounds of flesh looked like.”
1.Why did Ellen Parker visit the doctor?
A.She had had a heart attack B.She had a problem with her health.
C.She was unhappy about her weight D.She could not sleep well.
2.What did the doctor advise her to do?
A.To lose weight B.To eat more meat
C.To come and see him again D.To look after her heart
3.Why did Ellen Parker ask for ten pounds of steak?
A.She wanted to buy some for dinner. B.Her doctor had told her to eat steak.
C.She wanted to lose weight. D.She wanted to see what ten pounds of meat looked like.
4.What was Ellen Parker’s real problem?
A.She ate too much steak. B.She weighed too much.
C.The doctor did not know. D.She could not walk very quickly.
5.What did the doctor think might happen to Ellen?
A.She might put on more weight. B.She might stop eating too much.
C.She might have a heart attack. D.She might go to another doctor.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best "reputation" in the world.
The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers. That is to say the list measures how universities are regarded, rather than how they actually performed.
A subjective, word-of-mouth(口碑的)quality such as "reputation" has genuine economic value for universities, said Simon Marginson, professor of higher education at the University of Melbourne in Australia.
"Reputation is not just an impression, though it might be not as reliable as performance by objective indicators(客观指标)," said Prof Marginson.
Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world, it confirms the power of the big US universities, which dominate this list. Seven of the top 10 are US universities, headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Furthermore, 14 of the top 20 are from the US. Cambridge is the highest ranking UK university in the list, in third place, with Oxford ranked as sixth.
For students applying to university, reputation might be hard to quantify, but was an important part of the attractiveness, said the president of Cambridge University's students' union, Rahul Mansigani.
"Reputation makes a huge difference. If there is an idea that somewhere is great, it will get lots of good people applying whether it's true or not. Factors such as a sense of history and the presence of outstanding college teachers were part of the reputation of Cambridge," he said.
1.The underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably means __________.
A. affect B. decide C. control D. improve
2.What can be inferred from the text?
A. No Asian universities are among the Top 10.
B. At least five UK universities are among Top 20.
C. The Times Higher Education magazine is from the US.
D. Reputation affects students’ decisions when choosing universities.
3.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A. Turning ideas into reputation
B. World’s best universities ranked in order of reputation
C. The top 200 universities in the USA
D. Reputable Universities attractive to more students
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Harvard University in the United States has been ranked as the university with the best “reputation” in the world.
The Times Higher Education magazine has listed 200 top universities all over the world based on how they are regarded by a group of international college teachers. That is to say, the list measures how universities are regarded, rather than how they actually performed.
“A subjective, word-of-mouth (口碑的) quality such as “reputation” has genuine economic value for universities,” said Simon Marginson, professor of higher education at the University of Melbourne in Australia.
“Reputation is not just an impression, though it might not be as reliable as performance by objective indicators (客观指标),” said Prof Marginson.
Based on the views of 13,000 college teachers around the world, it confirms the power of the big US universities, which dominate this list. Seven of the top 10 are US universities, headed by Harvard and Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Furthermore, 14 of the top 20 are from the US. Cambridge is the highest ranking UK university in the list, in third place, with Oxford ranked as sixth.
“For students applying to university, reputation might be hard to quantify, but was an important part of the attractiveness,” said the president of Cambridge University’s students’ union, Rahul Mansigani.
“Reputation makes a huge difference. If there is an idea that somewhere is great, it will get lots of good people applying whether it’s true or not. Factors such as a sense of history and the presence of outstanding college teachers were part of the reputation of Cambridge,” he said.
1.What is special about the latest ranking of universities?
A. It is very subjective. B. It involves many indicators.
C. It is made by international professors. D. It includes universities across the world.
2.Which of the following shows the correct order of the ranking?
A. Cambridge → MIT → Oxford → Harvard
B. Cambridge → Harvard → Oxford → MIT
C. Harvard → MIT → Cambridge → Oxford
D. Harvard → Cambridge → MIT → Oxford
3.The underlined word “dominate” in Paragraph 5 probably means__________.
A. have an effect on B. make up the most part of
C. make an arrangement for D. make an improvement in
4.What can be inferred from the text?
A. No Asian universities are among the Top 10.
B. At least five UK universities are among Top 20.
C. The Times Higher Education magazine is from the US.
D. Reputation affects students’ decisions when choosing universities.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析