In a report from Psychological Science, researchers at the University of Lyon report sleeping between two learning sessions improve your learning.
In this study, 40 French adults were randomly assigned to a “sleep” or “wake” group. They all were given 16 French-Swahili words in pairs in random order. After studying a pair for seven seconds, the Swahili word appeared on a screen and the participants were asked to type the French translation. If they made a mistake, the words appeared again until every word-pair was correctly translated. Twelve hours later, they did it again. The wake group did their tests first in the morning and then in the evening so they had no time to sleep in between. The sleep group members did their first session in the evening and the second came the next morning, after a good night’s sleep.
The sleep group members did much better at recalling the correct translations and were quicker to learn when they make a mistake. Both groups were eventually able to learn all the word-pairs but getting some sleep allowed the sleep group to learn in less time and with less effort. A follow-up showed that the sleep group still did better than the wake group a week later and even six months later.
So, if you have to learn something, study and then get a good night’s sleep.
1.What is the difference of the two groups’ tasks?
A. Who to learn. B. What to learn.
C. When to learn the words. D. How to learn the words.
2.How did the participants deal with a typing mistake they made?
A. Translating the same word again. B. Leaving the wrong word alone.
C. Asking for a correct answer. D. Redoing the typing twelve hours later.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 2 refer to?
A. Correcting the mistakes.
B. Typing the Swahili words.
C. Typing the French translation.
D. Showing the Swahili word on the screen.
4.Compared to the wake group, those in the sleep group _________.
A. typed more quickly
B. learned all the word-pairs
C. learnt with more effort
D. made fewer translation mistakes
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
In a report from Psychological Science, researchers at the University of Lyon report sleeping between two learning sessions improve your learning.
In this study, 40 French adults were randomly assigned to a “sleep” or “wake” group. They all were given 16 French-Swahili words in pairs in random order. After studying a pair for seven seconds, the Swahili word appeared on a screen and the participants were asked to type the French translation. If they made a mistake, the words appeared again until every word-pair was correctly translated. Twelve hours later, they did it again. The wake group did their tests first in the morning and then in the evening so they had no time to sleep in between. The sleep group members did their first session in the evening and the second came the next morning, after a good night’s sleep.
The sleep group members did much better at recalling the correct translations and were quicker to learn when they make a mistake. Both groups were eventually able to learn all the word-pairs but getting some sleep allowed the sleep group to learn in less time and with less effort. A follow-up showed that the sleep group still did better than the wake group a week later and even six months later.
So, if you have to learn something, study and then get a good night’s sleep.
1.What is the difference of the two groups’ tasks?
A. Who to learn. B. What to learn.
C. When to learn the words. D. How to learn the words.
2.How did the participants deal with a typing mistake they made?
A. Translating the same word again. B. Leaving the wrong word alone.
C. Asking for a correct answer. D. Redoing the typing twelve hours later.
3.What does the underlined word “it” in Para. 2 refer to?
A. Correcting the mistakes.
B. Typing the Swahili words.
C. Typing the French translation.
D. Showing the Swahili word on the screen.
4.Compared to the wake group, those in the sleep group _________.
A. typed more quickly
B. learned all the word-pairs
C. learnt with more effort
D. made fewer translation mistakes
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In a paper published in the journey Science Advance, researchers describe how Matabele ants, a species of large ant known for attacking termite colonies (白蚁群落), will, after the battle, pick up injured fellow soldiers and carry them back to the nest where they can recover.
The paper is the latest in a growing body of research that this form of helping behavior, previously observed in some mammals and birds, may not require complex emotion, and may, therefore, be far more widespread in nature than previously thought.
“Here we have an example of an individual saving another individual,” says lead researcher Erik Frank who conducted the research. “We can be quite certain that the ants don’t know why they are doing what they are doing.”
It’s a behavior that pays off for the colony. Our classic conception of worker ants is that they are essentially abandoned, but Mr. Frank and his colleagues calculated that the practice of rescuing nest mates results in a colony size that is a 28.7 percent larger than it would be had the ants left their fellow soldiers for dead.
“These injured ants are able to recover from their injuries, ” says Frank. “They are essential for the safety and the betterment of the colony. ”
When a Matabele ant is injured, as often happens during battles with termites, its body will give off two smelly chemicals that tell other ants to carry it back to the nest. Indeed, the researchers found that using these chemicals to seek help from uninjured ants will effectively activate the rescue behavior, supporting their theory that the ants were acting on pure instinct(本能), not more complex emotions.
“The more we study rescue behavior in ants and other animals, the more we are going to realize that it’s not just limited to the species we’ve observed so far, ” says Karen Hollis, a professor at Mount Holyoke College, mentioning studies that found that dolphins help other injured dolphins to the surface for air, capuchin monkeys defend each other during intergroup battles, and rats free other rats that are trapped.
1.What does Frank say about Matabele ants’ helping behavior?
A. It proves they can feel sympathy. B. It exists only in some individuals.
C. It happens only termite colonies. D. It is something they were born with
2.How will the helping behavior benefit the ants?
A. It will expand the size of the colony.
B. It will help them catch more termites.
C. It will improve their fighting abilities.
D. It will help them escape enemies’ attacks.
3.How can Matabele ants know one needs rescuing?
A. Through its special noise. B. Though the smell of its blood.
C. Through its chemical signals. D. Though the search after a battle
4.What is the main purpose of the text?
A. To promote research on ants. B. To describe termites’ battles.
C. To introduce a new species. D. To report a research result
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Commercially packaged caramel apples from the USA were reported to have killed at least 7 people and sickened 32 before July 24, 2015, officials said. Typically, problems arise ______ caution is absent.
A.that. B.what
C.where D.in which
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers in Britain are driving the environmental movement to a new level. A team from the University of Warwick has built what it calls the world’s first completely environmentally friendly Formula Three racing car.
The car is made mainly of renewable materials, like plants and vegetables. The structure around the car is made from natural plant fibers and potatoes. The steering wheel(方向盘) is made from root vegetables like carrots. The engine uses bio-fuel made from vegetable oil and waste chocolate.
The new racing car is extremely fast. The car has a top speed of two hundred fifteen kilometers an hour. And it can go from zero to ninety-five kilometers an hour in just two and a half seconds. The racing car meets all of the Formula Three racing requirements except for its biodiesel(生物柴油) engine.
Automobile racing is one of the most widely watched sports in the world. But it is also considered one of the least friendly sports to the environment. Racing cars burn a lot of fuel, and create a lot of air pollution. In recent years, the racing industry has taken steps to protect the environment. More racing companies are now producing cars that use less energy. These cars produce less pollution than cars that depend on traditional fuel, like gasoline.
Last month, the new racing car was set to run in its first competitive race at the Formula Three Championship Final at Brands Hatch. It would have been the first biodiesel-powered car to race at Formula Three. Current Formula Three rules let only gasoline-powered car to compete. Officials needed permission from all of the Formula Three racers for the biodiesel-powered car to compete. They were unable to contact one of the drivers, so the new racing car didn’t appear in the event. In test runs, the new racing car was the fifth fastest among the Formula Three race cars. Supporters are hoping to have the fuel problem solved in time to compete in the next season.
1.. What’s the second paragraph mainly about?
A. What materials the new racing car is made of.
B. Why researchers built the new racing car.
C. The characteristics of the new racing car.
D. The process of the new racing car being designed.
2..According to the passage, the _________ of the new racing car doesn’t meet the Formula Three racing
requirements.
A. speed B. appearance C. weight D. engine
3.. It can be inferred from the passage that __________.
A. the new racing car is the first environmentally friendly car
B. automobile racing could be forbidden in the near future
C. many people like to watch automobile racing
D. the new racing car will be allowed to compete in the next season of Formula Three racing
4.. In recent years, racing companies are producing cars that __________.
A. burn more fuel B. go more quickly
C. produce less pollution D. cost less money
5..Why didn’t the new racing car compete at the Formula Three Championship Final last month?
A. Because the new racing car still needs testing.
B. Because officials needed each racer’s permission but failed to contact one.
C. Because there’re some technical problems to be solved.
D. Because few drivers think it is fast enough.
高二英语阅读理解简单题查看答案及解析
From the way the kids spend their money, the researchers can see ________ they really value in life.
A. which B. where C. what D. how
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
____ the pressure from work, teachers have to deal with psychological problems caused by the relationship between students.
A.As far as B.As long as
C.As well as D.As soon as
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
In 2000 a report was published about what the earth might be like 20 years from then on. The report was a result of a three-year .
According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2020 is not a one. The world will be more _ because the population will continue to grow. The population could be_ _ 6 900 million, almost 2 450 million more than in 1995. More people would move into cities, especially cities in _ _ countries. Cities like Cairo and Jakarta probably would_ _ have 15 million by then.
Food production will _ _, but not enough to feed all the people. Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1995, most of the increase would be in countries that _ _ produce enough food for their people. Little increase is _ _ in South Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Poor farming ways are _ _ large areas of crop land, changing farms into deserts. More farmland is as cities become larger and more houses are built. _ _ will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oil. Many of the world’s _ could disappear as more and more trees are cut down. Energy will continue to be a serious problem. The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 2020 _ _. They only carried out the situation that _ today. By changing the situation, by_ the problems, the picture can be changed. There is _ time for the nations of the world to work _ _ a plan of action. But they warned that_ _too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chances of success.
1.A. learning B. project C. notice D. study
2.A. pleased B. pleasant C. safe D. blue
3.A. dangerous B. beautiful C. crowded D. terrible
4.A. no more than B. as many as C. as much as D. as large as
5.A. developing B. developed C. big D. mountainous
6.A. none B. each C. all D. neither
7.A. insist B. reduce C. increase D. continue
8.A. so B. but C. or D. however
9.A. already B. hardly C. partly D. never
10.A. wanted B. lacked C. found D. expected
11.A. destroying B. protecting C. disturbing D. interrupting
12.A. saved B. lost C. discovered D. found
13.A. Air pollution B. Water pollution C. Some diseases D. All farmland
14.A. animals B. plants C. forests D. people
15.A. must be true B. will come true C. can't be true D. may be wrong
16.A. happens B. develops C. exists D. appears
17.A. settling B. working out C. answering D. dealing
18.A. no B. still C. less D. plenty of
19.A. about B. in C. out D. for
20.A. working B. suggesting C. spending D. waiting
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Researchers in the psychology department at the University of California at Los Angeles(UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.
Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same “fight-or-flight” reaction to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict(“fight”), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation(“flight”). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behavioral responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called “tend and befriend.” That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young(“tend”), and by looking for social contact and support from others—especially other females (“befriend”).
Scientists have long known that in the fight-or-flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones(激素) released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that “animals and people with high levels of oxytocin are calmer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious.” While men also secrete(分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.
In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.
The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.
The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect women against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.
1.Which of the following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?
A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.
B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.
C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.
D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.
2.What can be learned from the passage?
A. Male hormones help build up the body’s resistances to stress.
B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.
C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.
D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.
3.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. How men and women suffer from stress
B. How men and women get over stress
C. How researchers overcome stress problems
D. How researchers handle stress-related disorder
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
An eighteen-year-old high school student from Utah won the top prize in the Intel Science Talent Search in the United States. The winner received a computer and a scholarship for a college education.
More than 1,500students from across the country entered projects in the competition this year. Their research included chemistry, medicine, physics, mathematics, engineering, and computer science-almost every area of science.
Forty students were invited to Washington, D.C. for the final judging. A group of scientists judged them on their research abilities, critical thinking skills and creativity. The judges also questioned the students about scientific problems before deciding on the winners.
The top winner received 100,000 dollars for college. Shannon Babb of American Fork High School studied the water quality of tile Spanish Fork River in Utah for six years. She found that people have a harmful effect on the river through human activity, including agriculture. And she suggested ways to improve the water quality in the future. These include educating the public not to put household chemicals down the drains(下水道), which lead to the river eventually.
Seventeen-year-old Yi Sun of the Hanker School in San Jose, California, earned the second place. He won a 75,000-dollar scholarship for new discoveries about a mathematical theory known as random walks. His work could help computer scientists and chemists. Yi Sun was born in China.
The third-place winner was also seventeen and born in China. Yuan “Chelsea” Zhang of Montgomery Blair High School in Rockville, Maryland, won a 50,000-dollar scholarship. She researched the molecular genetics(分子遗传学)of heart disease. Her findings could aid the development of new medicines.
The Intel Science Talent Search is the oldest science competition for high school students in the United States. It is 65 years old this year. Past winners have gone on to receive six Nobel prizes and other top honors in science and math.
1.What do we know about the talent search project?
A. Most of its winners have received Nobel prizes.
B. The project includes researches in every area of science.
C. Only a small part of the students can attend the final judging.
D. Most of the winners come from Asian countries.
2.According to the text, .
A. water quality in Utah will be better than that in the other states
B. the river was polluted only by those living near it
C. Shannon Babb suggested more than one way to improve the water quality
D. household chemicals should be kept in the drains forever
3.Which of the following about the girl from Maryland is NOT true?
A. The scholarship she received was half as many as Shannon Babb.
B. Her discovery is of great help to Chinese medicine.
C. Her research will contribute to the cure of heart disease.
D. She and the second-place winner Yi Sun have something in common.
4.What is the text mainly about?
A. Three winners' contributions to science and math.
B. Three Chinese students won the Science Talent Search.
C. Great rewards were given to winners in the competition.
D. Winners of the Intel Science Talent Search in the US.
5.Where are you most likely to find this text?
A. In a newspaper. B. In a handbook. C. In a textbook. D. In a medical magazine.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
In 1990 a report was published about 1the earth might be like 20 years from then on.The report was a result of a three-year study.
According to the report, the picture of the earth in the year 2010 is not a 2one.The world will be more 3because the population will continue to grow.The population could be 46,300 million, almost 2,500 million more than in 1985.More people would move into cities, 5cities in developing countries.Such cities as Cairo and Jakarta probably would 6have 15 million by then.
Food production will 7, but not enough to feed all the people.Farmers will grow 90% more food than they did in 1985, 8most of the increase would be in countries that 9produce enough food for their people. 10increase is expected in South Asia, Africa and the Middle East.Poor farming ways are 11large areas of crop land, changing farms into deserts.More farmland is 12as cities become larger and more houses are built. 13will get worse as industrial countries burn more coal and oil.Many of the world’s forests could disappear as more and more trees 14.Energy will continue to be a serious problem.The experts say their picture of the earth for the year 2010 15.They only pictured the situation that 16today.By changing the situation, by 17the problems, the picture can be changed.There is 18time for nations of the world to 19a plan of action.But they warned that 20too long to make decisions would greatly reduce the chances of success.
1.A.that B.whether C.how D.what
2.A.pleased B.pleasant C.safe D.clean
3.A.dangerous B.brilliant C.crowded D.awful
4.A.no more than B.as many as C.as much as D.as large as
5.A.especially B.specially C.deliberately D.apparently
6.A.none B.each C.all D.neither
7.A.insist B.reduce C.increase D.continue
8.A.so B.but C.or D.however
9.A.already B.hardly C.partly D.never
10.A.Much B.More C.Heavy D.Little
11.A.destroying B.protecting C.disturbing D.interrupting
12.A.saved B.lost C.discovered D.used
13.A.Air pollution B.Water pollution C.Some diseases D.All farmland
14.A.is cut across B.is cut up C.are cut down D.are cut off
15.A.must be true B.will come true C.can’t be true D.may be wrong
16.A.happens B.develops C.exists D.appears
17.A.settling B.working out C.answering D.dealing
18.A.much B.still C.less D.fewer
19.A.work about B.work at C.work out D.work for
20.A.working B.suggesting C.spending D.waiting
高二英语完形填空中等难度题查看答案及解析