What happens inside the head of a soccer play...

What happens inside the head of a soccer player who　 repeatedly heads a soccer　 ball　 That question motivated a study of the brains of experienced players．

Researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34 adults ， men and women． All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and　 now competed year﹣round　 in adult soccer leagues． Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year ， as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions　 in the past．

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned， using a complex new　 M．R．I． technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can 't be seen during most scans．

According to the data they presented ， the researchers found that the　 players who had headed the ball more than about 1 ， 100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory ， attention and the processing of visual information ， compared with players who had headed the ball less．

This pattern of white matter loss is " similar to those seen in traumatic brain injury" ，like that after a serious concussion， the researchers reported ，even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion．

The players who had headed the ball about 1 ， 100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at remembering lists of words read to them ， forgetting the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less．

1.What type of writing is the texts　　　 　．

A. A medicine guide．

B. A book review．

C. A research report．

D. A sports advertisement．

2.What do we know about the volunteers　　　 　．

A. They had serious injury on the head．

B. They were adults who still played soccer．

C. They were all researchers about soccer．

D. They all had children who played soccer．

3.What was used to find the structural changes in the brains　　　 　．

A. Advanced computers．

B. A new technique M．R．I．

C. Special questionnaires．

D. Learning skills．

4.We can infer from the passage that　　　 　．

A. heading the ball is so harmful that it should be banned

B. heading the ball has advantages and disvantages as well

C. players heading the ball more than 1 ，100 times may suffer poor eyesight

D. heading the ball may influence the functioning of player's brain

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

What happens inside the skull of a soccer player who repeatedly heads a soccer ball? That question motivated a challenging new study of the brains of experienced players that has caused discussion and debate among soccer players, and some anxiety among those of us with soccer-playing children.

For the study, researchers at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York selected 34adults, men and women. All of the volunteers had played soccer since childhood and now competed year-round in adult soccer leagues. Each filled out a detailed questionnaire developed especially for this study to determine how many times they had headed a soccer ball in the previous year, as well as whether they had experienced any known concussions (脑震荡) in the past.

Then the players completed computerized tests of their memory and other learning skills and had their brains scanned, using a complicated new M.R.I. technique which can find structural changes in the brain that can't be seen during most scans.

According to the data they presented at a Radiological Society of North America meeting last month, the researchers found that the players who had headed the ball more than about 1,100 times in the previous 12 months showed significant loss of white matter in parts of their brains involved with memory, attention and the processing of visual information, compared with players who had headed the ball fewer times.

This pattern of white matter loss is "similar to those seen in traumatic (外伤的) brain injury", like that after a serious concussion, the researchers reported, even though only one of these players was reported to have ever experienced a concussion.

The players who had headed the ball about 1,100 times or more in the past year were also generally worse at recalling lists of words read to them, forgetting or fumbling the words far more often than players who had headed the ball less.

1.The passage is most probably a______.

A．news report                           B．research report

C．story for soccer players                   D．text for doctors

2.In which way can we find the structural changes in the brain?

A．Computerized test.                      B．Questionnaire..

C．Scanning.                             D．M.R.I. technique.

3.From the passage we can conclude that frequent heading may have_____.

A．significant effect on brain                 B．little effect on one's brain

C．nothing to do with the brain injury          D．one's memory improved

4.What is likely to be the cause of memory loss?

A．Playing soccer frequently.                 B．Tests of their memory.

C．White matter loss.                       D．Information processing.

5.The underlined word "fumbling" is closest in meaning to______.

A．remembering                          B．misunderstanding

C．recalling                              D．missing

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Lionel Messi, 1.　 player from the SOUTH American country of Argentina, is the greatest soccer player alive today . At a young age, he 2.　 (move ) to Spain and now plays 3.　　　　 (profession ) for the Barcelona soccer club. Messi started playing soccer at the age of 5 for a small soccer team 4.　　　　 (own ) by his father . Even as a young boy, he did very well. But when he was 11 years old , he found out he had a sickness which would prevent him from growing much 5.　　　 (tall ). There was a way to help him grow more, 6.　　 his parents did not have enough money to pay for his medical needs. So, they looked around for a soccer club7.　　　　 would be able to do this for them . The clubs in Argentina couldn’t help him, but the famous Barcelona club in Spain offered 8.　　　　 (accept ) Messi on the junior team and pay for the bills. The Messi family happily took the offer and moved to Spain . In the Barcelona soccer club, Messi was one of the best 9.　　　 (play ) through his teen years. 10.　　　 his incredible talent , Messi has surprised the word.

高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

_____ the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players may one day grow the international stars.

A．Giving            B．Being given        C．To give            D．Given

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

One of the greatest soccer players of all time is Pelé. He was born in 1940 in Tres Coracoes, Brazil. His first soccer ball was a grapefruit. He also used an old sock and filled it with newspaper. Pelé left school at a young age to play soccer and work to help his family. Later in life, he finished high school and college.

Pelé scored 1,281 goals—more goals than any other player in the world. He helped Brazil win three World Cup titles.

Pelé retired from soccer in 1971. People all over the world admired Pelé. Presidents and world leaders invited him to their countries. Nigeria once stopped its war for three days to let Pelé play. His talent is very unusual. Doctors once tested Pelé to find out why he played soccer so well. They found that he had excellent eyesight. He is also very intelligent. Pelé liked to do math problems and play chess. He said these activities helped him play better.

Pelé is married and has three children. He likes to be with his family. He also plays the guitar and writes songs. Pelé cares about people, especially children. He gives money to help poor children. He never advertises for tobacco or liquor companies. He knows that he has a great influence on young people. Pelé once said that he wants to “unite people, never to separate them.” He is loved and admired all over the world.

1.The text is mainly talking about Pelé’s __________.

A. family　　 B. life

C. hobby　　 D. work

2.How old was Pelé when he stopped playing soccer?

A. 49　　 B. 39

C. 31　　 D. 22

3.Which words can best describe Pelé ？

A. Caring and responsible.　　 B. Intelligent and aggressive.

C. Helpful and outgoing.　　 D. Generous and modest　　 .

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

　　 the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.

A. Having given 　　　　 B. Give　　　　 C. Given 　　　　 D. To give

高二英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

___ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into other international stars.

A. Giving　　　　 B. Having given　　　　 C.To give　　　　 D. Given

高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

On his way home yesterday , Tom was hit on the head_____he had time to realize what was happening .

高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

Our series The Genius Behind will take you inside the minds of people who are making the impossible possible. Whether it is designing the fastest ever land vehicle, helping the blind to see or creating space history, success relies levels of knowledge to new heights . What can we learn about genius from minds? Based on the people and the projects outlined in the series, we’ve come up with five lessons.

Lesson one: New challenges require new ways of thinking

Bloodhound SSC aims to be the first vehicle to break the 1,000 mph barrier. One of the key challenge has been to design the wheels. Thinking twice, Mark Chapman, chief engineer decided to change the way they were trying to solve problems and came up with a wheel design, part car, part jet fighter and part spaceship, which would hold together and was strong enough.

Lesson two: Let evidence share your opinion

Geophysicists widely believed that water on Earth originated from comets. But by studying rocks, Steven Jacobsen discovered water hidden inside, suggesting that the oceans gradually made its way out of the planet’s interior many centuries ago. “Unfortunately, I had a pretty hard time convincing others,” he admits. Only time can tell whether the new theories are true.

Lesson three: It really is 99% efforts

Sheila Nirenberg at Cornell University is trying to develop a new prosthetic device(假肢器官)for treating blindness. “Sometimes I’m exhausted and I get burnt out,” she adds. “But then I get an email from somebody saying that they can’t see their own children’s faces, and it is like, ‘How can I possibly complain? Once I thought of this, I couldn’t eat, I couldn’t sleep—all I wanted to do was work’. It gives me the energy to just go back and keep doing it.”

Lesson four: The answer isn’t always what you expect

Sylvia Earle has spent decades trying to see the ocean with new eyes. Her “dream machine” is a submarine that could take scientists all the way to the bottom of the deepest ocean floor what sort of material could best withstand the types of pressure y would encounter thousands of miles below the ocean surface?” It could be steel, it could be titanium, it could be some sort of ceramic, or some kind of aluminium system,” says Earle. “But glass is the best choice.”

Lesson five: A little luck goes a long way

It was considered as one of the biggest success stories in the history of space exploration—20 years of planning ended earlier this year with the Philae lander landing safely Comet 67P over 300 million miles(480 million kilometers)away from Earth, though Philae’s anchoring harpoons(锚定鱼叉)didn’t fire as planned.

As a matter of fact, genius is difficult to define. “Genius is a funny word,” says Nirenberg. “I just sort of ignore it and just go on with life. You just do what you do regardless of whatever label’s attached to you. I don’t know really how else to explain it.

高二英语任务型阅读中等难度题查看答案及解析

Psychologists(心理学家) have known that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Professor Remi Radel wanted to investigate(look into) how this happens -- whether it's right away, as the brain receives signals from the eyes, or a little later, as the brain's higher-level thinking processes get involved.

Radel chose 42 students and each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating on the day of the test. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.

For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, the person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen -- a food-related word like gateau (cake) or a neutral (中性的) word like bateau (boat).

Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception (直觉), Radel says—it's not because of some kind of processing happening in the brain after you've already figured out what you're looking at.

"This is something great to me, that humans can really realize what they need or what they hope for, to know that our brain can really arrange for our motives and needs," Radel says. "There is something inside us that selects information in the world to make life easier.”

1.The purpose of Radel's research is to let us know ____.

2.In the experiment 20 words that flashed on the screen had something to do with “____”.

3.Which of the following is true about the experiment?

4.What does the new study find?

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析