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Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented landmine (地雷) and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt (破产) soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father’s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English.
He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He wasalways searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.
1.Where was Alfred Nobel born？
_____________________________________________________.
2.What did Immanuel Nobel invent during the Crimean War？
_____________________________________________________.
3.Why did Alfred Nobel return to Sweden？
_____________________________________________________.
4. How many companies did Alfred Nobel build up in different countries?
_____________________________________________________.
5. What did Alfred Nobel leave money for？
_____________________________________________________.
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Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented landmine (地雷) and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt (破产) soon after. Then, the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father’s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English.
He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He wasalways searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.
1.Where was Alfred Nobel born？
_____________________________________________________.
2.What did Immanuel Nobel invent during the Crimean War？
_____________________________________________________.
3.Why did Alfred Nobel return to Sweden？
_____________________________________________________.
4.How many companies did Alfred Nobel build up in different countries?
_____________________________________________________.
5.What did Alfred Nobel leave money for？
_____________________________________________________.
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Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist, was born in Stockholm on October 21,1833,but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father ,Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented landmine and made a lot of money from the government during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Then , the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred began his own study of explosives in his father’s lab. He had never been to school or university but had taught himself, and by the time he was twenty, he became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. He built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. He was always searching for a meaning to life. He spent much time and money working on how to end the wars, and keep the peace between nations, until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous last will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideas. And so, the man is remembered and respected long after his death.
1.Alfred Nobel, ,the great Swedish inventor, was born in Stockholm on ____________ 21,1833.
2.During the Crimean War, Immanuel Nobel invented _____________.
3.Nobel had never been to ____________ or university.
4.Nobel built up over ______________ companies in 20 different countries.
5. When Nobel was died, he was ____________ years old.
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The Nobel Prize are named after Alfred Nobel(1833-1896),a Swedish inventor and businessman During his lifetime, Alfred Nobel contributed to more than 350 inventions and setup 87 companies around the world. When he died, he left the largest part of this fortune, a total of 9 million, to be used to found the Nobel Prize. Now the prizes are given to the people in six areas: peace, literature(文学)， physics, chemistry, medicine and economy.
Winners can be individuals(个人) or organizations, the Red Cross, for example has won three times. Prizes are sometimes shared between up to three people. Prize winners receive a medal, a certificate(证书) and 10 million Swedish crowns. Generally those who win a Nobel Prize value the honor more than the money they receive.
The youngest person ever to win a Nobel Prize was just 25 years old. He was Lawrence Bragg, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1915 together with his father. The oldest winner is Leonid. He won the Prize in Economic Sciences in 2007 when he was 90 years old.
So far, more than ten Chinese people have won this great prize. The most recent ones are Mo Yan and Tu Youyou.
1.Alfred Nobel is a Swedish inventor and businessman.
2.Alfred left 9 million to found the Nobel Prizes.
3.The Nobel Prizes can only be given to only one person each time.
4.The Nobel Prize winners value the money they receive most.
5.The youngest winner is a Physicist who won the Prize alone.
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Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist and the inventor of dynamite（炸药）.When he died in 1986.he left behind a fortune of about US $ 9 million In his will.he stated how to spend the money .Most of it was used to set up the world famous Nobel Prize.
Nobel said in his' will that the prizes should honour the most important discoveries or inventions in physics,chemistry, medicine and the most outstanding works in literature（文学）.
Since 1901,Nobel Prizes have been presented to the winners on 10. December, the anniversary （周年纪念日）of Alfred Nobel's death.At the award ceremony in the Stockholm Concert Hall,the King of Sweden gives each winner a diploma（证书）and a medal.The winners give lectures before the award ceremony,and make speeches when they receive their awards.
The award ceremony is followed by a splendid dinner for about 1,300 people.Among the guests of honour are the Nobel Prize winners and their families,the King and the Queen of Sweden,and many well known leaders in sciences and culture.Two hundred and fifty young students are also honour with invitations to attend the event.
In 2015,Tu Yoouyou, a Chinese chemist, received the Nobel Prize in Medicine.Tu isthe first Chinese Nobel winner in medicine and the first female citizen of the People Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize.Tu Youyou was born and educated and carried out research in China all the time.
1.Which of the following people is unable to get the Nobel prizes?
A. A physicist B. A writer C. A doctor D. A dancer
2.What does the underline word“ceremony”mean?
A. 仪式 B. 晚宴 C. 奖金 D. 演唱会
3.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Alfred Nobel was a Swiss chemist and the inventor of dynamite.
B. The winners of Nobel Prizes get a diploma and a medal from the King of Sweden.
C. The winners of Nobel Prizes only give lectures before the award ceremony.
D. Tu Youyou who is a Chinese chemist is the first Chinese Nobel Prizes winner.
4.What is the best title for this article?
A. Alfred Nobel B. The Nobel Prizes
C. Tu Youyou D. The prize winner
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Alfred Nobel, a Swedish - born chemist, who died in 1896, at one time believed that his invention of explosives (炸药) could bring wars to an end, But later he found he was wrong.
Nobel was born in Sweden in 1833. With only one year of formal schooling, he became a chemist and inventor by age of 16.
He was also a linguist, speaking English, Russian, German and French besides Swedish. He wrote poetry(诗歌). He began his work with producing liquid nitroglycerin (硝酸甘油) for use in mining and construction. He then discovered that liquid nitroglycerin could be dried. He called it dynamite, after the Greek word dynamis, meaning "power". Then he became rich. When he died, his estate (财产) was worth about 89 million.
Nobel never married, and he left most of his estate to those who have been known as Nobel Prizes. The money is invested (投资) and the interest (利息) is given out as yearly prizes for persons who have done something special for mankind in the fields of physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature, and peace.
Prizes were first awarded in 1901. Over the years, many great people such as Albert Einstein in physics, Marie Curie in chemistry, Martin Luther King, Jr. for peace and Mo yan for literature got the awards.
1.From the passage we can guess the underlined word "linguist" is a person who_______.
A. can speak a foreign language
B. writes good poetry
C. knows several foreign language well
D. makes many inventions
2.Alfred Nobel believed_______.
A. he would become the richest person of the world
B. his invention could stop wars in the world
C. the Nobel Prizes could be world - famous
D. no one could use his invention to start wars
3.All the questions have been answered Except_______.
A. who chooses the Nobel Prize winners
B. when were Nobel Prizes first awarded
C. who could win Nobel Prizes
D. what else was Nobel interested in besides chemistry
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He ________his goal in the end and won the Nobel Prize________ his stamina and great efforts.
A.has achieved, because B.had achieved, because C.achieved, because of
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______，Mo Yan is a great writer and he has won the Nobel Prize.
A. After all B. As is known to all C. Not at all D. As for
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Do you know some great inventors and their inventions?
What factors (因素) are needed for their success?
Well, good timing for a start. You can have a great idea which the public simply doesn’t want … yet. The Italian Giovanni Caselli invented the first fax（传真）machine in the 1860s. Although the quality is excellent, his invention quickly died a commercial(商业的) death. It was not until the 1980s that the fax became very common in every office… too late for Giovanni Caselli.
Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin (1647-1712) had the idea for a steam engine （蒸汽机）almost a hundred years before the better-remembered Scotsman James Watt was even born… but he never had enough money to build one.
You also need to be patient (it took scientists nearly eighty years to develop a light bulb which actually worked)… but not too patient. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray, a professional inventor from Chicago, developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it as no more than “a beautiful toy”. However, when he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office(专利局) in February，1876, it was too late. Almost the same invention had arrived two hours earlier and the young man who sent it , Alexander Graham Bell, will always be remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a great idea—but if you haven’t got one, a walk in the country and a careful look at nature can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro(魔术贴) when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the country. During a similar walk in the French countryside some 250 years earlier, Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur had the idea that paper could be made from wood when he found an abandoned wasps’ nest(蜂巢).
You also need good commercial sense. Willy Higinbotham was a scientist doing nuclear (核能的)research in the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, USA. In 1958 the public were invited to an exhibition in the Laboratory to see their work, but both parents and children were more interested in a tiny 120cm screen with a white dot which could be hit back and forth over a “net” using a button and a knob. Soon hundreds of people were ignoring the other exhibits to play the first ever computer game—made from a simple laboratory instrument called an “oscilloscope”. Higinbotham, however, never made money from his invention: he thought people were only interested in the game because the other exhibits were so boring!
1.How many factors do inventors need?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
2.The word “ignoring” in last paragraph probably mean?
A. having no idea of B. making no sense to
C. getting no chance of D. paying no attention to
3.What can you learn from the passage?
A. Giovanni Caselli invented the first fax machine in the 1980s.
B. Denis Papin afforded to build a steam engine a hundred years ago.
C. Elisha Gray missed the chance to be the inventor of the telephone.
D. George de Mestral got the idea from a walk in a French countryside.
4.What is the best title for the passage?
A. How to be a successful inventor.
B. How to get a great idea from nature.
C. How to have good commercial sense.
D. How to make money from inventions.
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Do you know some great inventors and their inventions?
What factors (因素) are needed for their success?
Well, good timing for a start. You can have a great idea which the public simply doesn’t want ... yet. The Italian Giovanni Caselli invented the first fax(传真)machine in the 1860s. Although the machine was excellent, his invention quickly died a commercial(商业的) death. It was not until the 1980s that the fax became very common in every office... too late for Giovanni Caselli.
Money also helps. The Frenchman Denis Papin (1647-1712) had the idea for a steam engine (蒸汽机)almost a hundred years before the better-remembered Scotsman James Watt was even born... but he never had enough money to build one.
You also need to be patient (it took scientists nearly eighty years to develop a light bulb which actually worked)... but not too patient. In the 1870s, Elisha Gray, a professional inventor from Chicago, developed plans for a telephone. Gray saw it as no more than “a beautiful toy”. However, when he finally sent details of his invention to the Patent Office(专利局) in February， 1876, it was too late. Almost the same invention had arrived two hours earlier... and the young man who sent it, Alexander Graham Bell, will always be remembered as the inventor of the telephone.
Of course what you really need is a great idea—but if you haven’t got one, a walk in the country and careful look at nature can help. The Swiss scientist, George de Mestral, had the idea for Velcro（魔术贴）when he found his clothes covered in sticky seed pods after a walk in the country. During a similar walk in the French countryside some 250 years earlier, Rene Antoine Ferchault de Reaumur had the idea that paper could be made from wood when he found an abandoned wasps’ nest（蜂巢）.
You also need good commercial sense. Willy Higinbotham was a scientist doing nuclear（核能的） research in the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, USA. In 1958, the public were invited to an exhibition in the Laboratory to see their work, but both parents and children were more interested in a tennis video game on the screen. Soon hundreds of people were ignoring the other exhibits to play the first ever computer game—made from a simple laboratory instrument called an “oscilloscope”. Higinbotham, however, never made money from his invention: he thought people were only interested in the game because the other exhibits were so boring!
1.How many factors do inventors need according to the passage?
A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6.
2.The word “ignoring” in the last paragraph probably means “_____”.
A. having no idea of B. doing no good to
C. getting no chance of D. paying no attention to
3.What can you learn from the passage?
A. Giovanni Caselli invented the first fax machine in the 1980s.
B. Denis Papin afforded to build a steam engine a hundred years ago.
C. Elisha Gray missed the chance to be the inventor of the telephone.
D. George de Mestral got an idea from a walk in a French countryside.
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. How to be a successful inventor
B. How to get a great idea from nature
C. How to have a good commercial sense
D. How to make money from inventions