Carbon dioxide isn’t just a greenhouse gas th...

Carbon dioxide isn’t just a greenhouse gas that’s thinning the atmosphere, but it’s also causing a popular food to lose its nutritional value over time, which will have a major impact on more than 2 billion people worldwide.

According to a recent study conducted in a joint effort by researchers in Japan, China, Australian, and the United States, higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere contribute to the decline of protein（蛋白质）and other key vitamins in rice. The study, published in the journal Science Advances, looked at 18 different agriculture sites in China and Japan over four years and found that the crops exposed to higher levels of carbon dioxide were overall less nutritious than those that were not.

“Many basic crops are impacted by the rise of carbon dioxide with respect to things like protein concentration and iron and zinc,” says Lewis Ziska, a co-author and research plant physiologist at the US Department of Agriculture. The research explains that the exposed rice contained 10 percent less protein,8 percent less iron, and 5 percent less zinc, while amounts of B1,B2 and B5 vitamins also declined. And increased levels of carbon dioxide doesn’t just have a negative effect on rice, but other food staples（主食）including wheat and potatoes also face serious consequences when exposed to higher levels.

While this certainly impacts many people worldwide, it follows that the people that would suffer the most would be those that consume the most rice, which, as the study also found, also happen to be those who live in the poorest countries.

Additional studies are now underway and researchers are trying to solve this problem by looking at the different types of each crop in hopes of finding the types that react the least, or not at all, to high levels of carbon dioxide.

Until then, what can you do? For starters, you can try to eat a variety of foods and get your vitamins and proteins from various sources. Then to help with the larger problem of global warming and climate change, you can make simple lifestyle changes such as hang drying clothes, walking to work, and turning off the lights when you’re not home.

1.What is the effect of higher levels of carbon dioxide?

A.It increases protein content in rice. B.It causes nutrient loss in crops.

C.It improves agricultural productivity. D.It directly affects people’s health.

2.Who may suffer most from the rise of carbon dioxide?

A.Those who eat the most rice. B.Those who eat wheat and potatoes.

C.Those who live in rich countries. D.Those exposed to higher levels of carbon dioxide.

3.What does the underlined word“underway”in para.5 mean?

A.Under the ground B.Under control

C.In the way D.In progress

4.How can we solve the problem caused by higher levels of carbon dioxide?

A.By developing new types of crops.

B.By eating more fresh foods.

C.By having different types of foods.

D.By changing the existing lifestyle totally

高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

Everything you do to protect the planet helps all living things, including humpbacks（座头鲸）and other species of whales that live in oceans worldwide. And yes－just one kid, like you, can make a difference. 1..

Don’t litter. Rubbish thrown away carelessly outside often washes into storm drains（排水沟）, which empty into rivers and eventually flow to the oceans. 2., including whales.

Say, “No bag, thank you.” Whether you’re buying toys, snacks, or clothes, tell the checkout person you don’t need a bag. 3., you’ll help reduce the 100 million plastic bags that each year block sewers（下水道）, and get swallowed by whales, sea turtles, and other wild life.

Plant a tree. 4.. They produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）, a gas that animals, including humans, produce naturally as they breathe. But because carbon dioxide also comes from cars and factories, there is too much of it in the atmosphere, which is contributing to global warming. If everyone planted one tree, those trees would remove a large amount of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

5.. Every time you leave a room for more than a minute, turn off the light you’re using. In this way, you save energy and keep greenhouse gases out of the atmosphere.

Try the family challenge! Many streams and rivers are polluted and littered with rubbish. You and your family can help preserve the waterways by joining others in your community to pick up rubbish.

A.Trees help clean the air we breathe

B.Turn off the light

C.Avoid driving cars

D.By carrying your own reusable bag

E.Treat them like friends

F.Here are ideas for easy small things you can do

G.Pollution is a growing problem for all the Earth’s oceans and its wildlife

高一英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

Scientists blame greenhouse gases for being a major cause of climate change around the world. This is because greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere and make the planet warmer.

Now, a team of researchers has announced a successful experiment that turned carbon dioxide into useful liquid fuel. The researchers created a device, called a reactor, which changes carbon dioxide into a pure form of formic acid(甲酸). Formic acid is a substance (物质) found in ants and some other insects, as well as in many plants. It is used as an antibacterial material and in the processing of some kinds of clothing.

Haotian Wang led the research team. He said in a statement that the results of the experiment were important because formic acid is a major carrier of energy. So, the substance can provide a way to reuse carbon dioxide and prevent it from being released into the atmosphere. “It's a fuel-cell fuel that can generate electricity and send out carbon dioxide which you can grab and recycle again,” Wang said.

“Other methods for turning carbon dioxide into formic acid require intense purification processes,” Wang said. Such methods are very costly and require a lot of energy. The Rice University team said it was able to reduce the number of steps in the traditional process to create a low-cost, energy-saving method.

The researchers reported the reactor device performed with a conversion rate (转化率) of 42 percent. This means that nearly half of the electrical energy can be stored in formic acid as liquid fuel. The team said the reactor was able to create formic acid continuously for 100 hours with little degradation (退化) of the device’s parts.

Wang said the reactor could easily be used to produce other high-value products, including alcohol-based fuels. The researchers noted that the technology could also be a big help in solving another major energy problem—how to store large amounts of power in small places.

1.What do we know about formic acid?

A.It is a large amount of power. B.It is high- value equipment

C.It can be found in ants. D.It is a substance in clothing.

2.What is Wang’s attitude towards his own research?

A.Optimistic. B.Aggressive. C.Doubtful. D.Uncaring.

3.In what magazine can you read this text?

A.A travel magazine. B.A science magazine.

C.A music magazine. D.A sports magazine.

高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

Compared to other causes of natural disasters, volcanoes offer clues only when they are about to erupt. Now, however, developments in monitoring systems have allowed scientists to develop sensors to detect and forecast eruptions more accurately.

University of Cambridge volcanologist Marie Edmonds says that scientists are now able to use very accurate sensors to monitor the gases volcanoes give out, which can give clues on the location of the magma. The sensors help with prediction because different gases are released at different stages of an eruption. When magma rises, pressure is released along with gases. Carbon dioxide is released early on and then, as the magma goes higher, Sulphur dioxide is released. The ratio of the two gases is used to detect the location of magma relative to the surface, telling researchers the coming of the eruption.

Edmonds is connected to an international group known as the Deep Carbon Observatory that has worked to put new gas sensors on fifteen of the most active and dangerous volcanoes to improve the forecasting of various types of eruptions. The gas sensors continually measure water vapor, sulphur dioxide, and carbon dioxide. They are placed inside large boxes with surface antennae and buried underground. Advances in electronics have increased their accuracy and lowered their cost, allowing more of them to be used worldwide.

Putting these sensors atop active volcanoes is dangerous. Scientists wear reflective suits that protect against heat, plus gas masks for protection from dangerous gases. They sometimes hike long distances in remote areas to reach a site. However, according to Edmonds, the work they do to save people’s lives makes a dangerous job worth it. She enjoys doing something that helps people.

Edmonds’ team has also attached sensors to a certain plane to measure gases released from a Papua New Guinea volcano for a short time, a technique developed to gather “snapshots” of the activity. These snapshots help researchers to better understand activities that lead to eruptions.

1.How do sensors detect and predict volcanic eruptions?

A.By sending warnings to researchers. B.By testing different gases released.

C.By measuring the heat underground. D.By studying the surrounding gases.

2.What do we know about the gas sensors?

A.They should be attached to the magma. B.They are available around the world.

C.They become more accurate and expensive. D.They can check various types of eruptions.

3.Why is it risky to place sensors atop active volcanoes?

A.Active volcanoes may erupt at any time. B.It’s hard to find the top of volcanoes.

C.Scientists are short of enough suits and masks. D.There is heat and dangerous gases

4.What can the snapshots do?

A.Predict volcanic eruptions earlier. B.Attract people’s attention to volcanoes.

C.Collect more information for researchers D.Avoid the danger of the researchers’ work.

高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

More than half of the food produced in Canada goes to waste. A shocking new study has shown that the level of food waste is far worse than previously thought, at 58%. Of that, about 85% of food waste is due to food processors. This differs from earlier studies, which criticized families for driving food waste and said they were responsible for 51% of food waste.

The study was carried out by Martin Hooch, the leading expert on food waste and the author of several previous studies on the subject. Reflecting on the study’s findings, Hooch said, “It means stopping criticizing consumers. Sure, consumers are part of the problem, but they’re not the problem.”

In the past, Hooch didn't master good data, particularly from the private factories, but relied on numbers collected by the food industry for purposes other than tracking(追踪) waste. This time, however, Hooch worked directly with companies at all stages along the food production chain and interviewed over 700 experts in the industry. Clearly he found it hard to believe what he was seeing.

This is what they found: Food processing causes 34% of food waste. This is followed by production, which causes 24%. Next is manufacturing at 13%, then hotels and restaurants at 9%. Families cause only 14%, and market sales 6%. This should be a serious wake-up call for Canadians who would do well to examine their own food supply chains. Food waste is costly, not only in terms of dollars wasted, but also in resources like land, water, and so on. To be using these resources and wasting the product is totally irresponsible and unnecessary.

To make matters worse, when food is thrown into rubbish cans, it produces methane, a greenhouse gas 30 times more powerful than carbon dioxide (CO2). At Canada’s rate of food waste, that's like adding 12 million cars to the road. It seems that the food industry needs redesigning. Therefore, let’s hope the government takes action.

1.What did earlier studies say about food waste in Canada?

A.Food waste was better than expected.

B.Food went bad when it was processed.

C.Most of the food was wasted on purpose.

D.Families were to blame for food waste.

2.How did Hooch do his study on food waste this time?

A.By studying data from the industry.

B.By tracking the whole production chain.

C.By collecting advice from experts worldwide.

D.By drawing a conclusion from the previous studies.

3.Why does food waste have an effect on the environment?

A.Because it is harmful to the trees.

B.Because it pollutes the soil around it.

C.Because it gives off unpleasant smells.

D.Because it produces more greenhouse gas.

4.What is the main idea of the text?

A.Canadians don’t like to save food for future.

B.More than half of the food is wasted in Canada.

C.Families are mainly responsible for food waste.

D.The food industry is better redesigned in Canada.

高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

The strangeness of life in space never quite goes away. Here are some examples.

First consider something as simple as sleep. If you leave your arms out, they float free in zero gravity, often giving a sleeping astronaut the look of a funny dancer. “I’m an inside guy,” Mike Hopkins says, who returned from a six-month tour on the International Space Station. “I like to be covered up.”

On the station, the ordinary becomes strange. The exercise bike for the American astronauts has no handlebars (把手). It also has no seat. With no gravity, it’s just as easy to ride violently. You can watch a movie while you ride by floating a microcomputer anywhere you want. But people in the station have to be careful about staying in one place too long. Without gravity to help air to move, the carbon dioxide you breathe in may form a cloud around you head. You can end up with a carbon- dioxide headache.

Leroy Chiao, 54, an American retired astronaut after four flights, describes what happens even before you float out of your seat, “Your inner ear thinks you’re falling. Meanwhile your eyes are telling you you’re standing straight. That can be annoying－that’s why some people feel sick.” Within a couple days－truly terrible days for some people－astronauts’ brains learn to ignore the signals from the inner ear, and space sickness disappears.

Space travel can be so delightful but at the same time dangerous. For instance, astronauts lose bone mass. That’s why exercise is considered so important that National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) puts it on the workday schedule. The focus on fitness is not only about science and the future. They should make sure that any astronaut can return home, and, more importantly, the astronauts keep strong and fit for the two and a half years or more that it would take to make a round-trip to Mars.

1.What is the major difficulty to astronauts when they sleep in space?

A.Choosing a comfortable sleeping bag.

B.Deciding on a proper sleep position.

C.Seeking a way to fall asleep quickly.

D.Finding a right time to go to sleep.

2.The astronauts will suffer from a carbon dioxide headache when _________.

A.they circle around on their bikes.

B.they watch a movie while pedaling.

C.they use microcomputers without a stop.

D.they exercise in one place for a long time.

3.One of the NASA’s major concerns about astronauts is _________.

A.how much exercise they do on the station

B.whether they can recover after returning home

C.how they can remain healthy for long in space

D.whether they are able to go back to the station

4.What does the author think of about life in space?

A.Strange B.Funny C.Violent D.Unhealthy

高一英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

The Stop Global Warming calculator shows you how much carbon dioxide you

can prevent from being released into the atmosphere and how much money you can save by making some small changes in your daily life. It’s our hope that the calculator will promote action, awareness and empowerment by showing you that one person can make a difference and help stop global warming.

There are many simple things you can do in your daily life—what you eat, what you drive, how you build your home—that can have an effect on your immediate surroundings, and on places as far away as Antarctica. Here is a list of things that you can do to make a difference.

Use Compact Fluorescent Bulbs

Replace 3 frequently used light bulbs with compact fluorescent bulbs. Save 300lbs (pounds) of carbon dioxide and $60 per year.

Use Recycled Paper

Make sure your printer paper is 100% post consumer recycled paper. Save 5lbs of carbon dioxide per ream of paper.

Take Shorter Showers

Showers account for 2/3 of all water heating costs. Save 350 lbs of carbon dioxide and $99 per year.

Buy Products Locally

Buy locally and reduce the amount of energy required to drive your products to your home.

Carpool When You Can

Own a big vehicle？Carpooling with friends and co-workers saves fuel. Save 790 lbs of carbon dioxide and hundreds of dollars per year.

Don’t Idle in Your Car

Idling wastes money and gas, and generates pollution and global warming causing emissions. Except when in traffic, turn your engine off in you must wait for more than 30 seconds.

Buy Organic food

The chemicals used in modern agriculture pollute the water supply, and require energy to produce.

Turn Off Your Computer

Shut off your computer when not in use, and save 200 lbs of carbon dioxide. Conserve energy by using your computer’s “sleep mode” instead of a screensaver.

With a Stop Global Warming calculator which costs you only $50 in hand, you will find what you do does count.

1. The Stop Global Warming calculator can serve the following purposes EXCEPT __________.

2. How many tips are related to cars?__________.

3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the list of tips? ___________.

4.What does the underlined word “carpooling” mean according to the passage?____.

friends and co-workers

5.  What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?___________.

高一英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, ______ prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.

高一英语单项填空困难题查看答案及解析

The view ____ many scientists hold is ____ too much emission of carbon dioxide is destructive.

高一英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析

They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which p_____ heat　 f____ escaping from the earth into space.

高一英语完成句子中等难度题查看答案及解析