Last week, Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel prize for physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou. It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub(冷落): then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a £2.3m Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to the Guardian: “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year?
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel prize for chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1.When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognized by the Nobel?
A. In 1944. B. In 1967. C. In 1974. D. In 1980.
2.Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text?
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell. C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3.What do we know about the five females?
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Noble prize for her work.
D. All their findings haven’t been recognized by the Nobel.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Last week, Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel prize for physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou. It’s the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists — past and present — who actually deserve the prize.
Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Perhaps the most famous snub(冷落): then-student Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a £2.3m Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help under-represented students, she joked to the Guardian: “I feel I’ve done very well out of not getting a Nobel prize.”
Lene Hau
Hau is best known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel prize prediction lists, could 2019 be Hau’s year?
Vera Rubin
Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee.
Chien-Shiung Wu
Wu’s “Wu experiment” helped disprove the “law of conservation of parity”. Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel prize for their theoretical work behind the study.
Lise Meitner
Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission. However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel prize for chemistry, which was won by her male co-lead, Otto Hahn.
1.When was the discovery of radio pulsars recognized by the Nobel?
A. In 1944. B. In 1967. C. In 1974. D. In 1980.
2.Which woman is most likely to win a Nobel prize later according to the text?
A. Donna Strickland. B. Jocelyn Bell Burnell. C. Lene Hau. D. Vera Rubin.
3.What do we know about the five females?
A. The five female scientists did greatly in chemistry.
B. Vera Rubin had opened up a new field in geometry.
C. Lise Meitner’s teacher won a Noble prize for her work.
D. All their findings haven’t been recognized by the Nobel.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It was about five in the morning in Ontario, Canada, when Donna Strickland's phone rang. The Nobel Prize committee was on the line in Stockholm, calling to tell her she had won the prize in physics.
"I wondered if it was a joke," Strickland said in an interview with a Nobel official after the call. She had been asleep when the call arrived. "Something was wrong because it came so early in the morning. But then I knew it was the right day, and it would have been a cruel joke."
Strickland, an associate professor at the University of Waterloo, shares the honor with two other scientists for their work in the 1980s in transforming lasers(激光)into tiny tools that today have countless application. The prize money $1.4 million will he shared among the three. Half the prize went to Strickland and her cooperator Gerard Mourou, a professor at the Ecole Poly technique in France. The other half was awarded to Arthur Ashkin, a retired physicist who worked at the famous Bell Labs in the United States.
Strickland's win is historic in more than one way. It's been over 55 years since a woman was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. In 1903, Marie Curie became the first-ever woman to win a Nobel Prize in Physics. For the next 60 years, no women physicists were awarded. Maria Goeppert Mayer became the second woman physicist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963.
Strickland herself was surprised to learn she was the third woman to receive the honor in physics. "Is that all, really? I thought there might have been more." she said at a press conference Tuesday. "We need to celebrate women physicists, because we're out there. Hopefully, in time, it will start to move forward at a faster rate."
1.What was Donna's first reaction after she received the call?
A.She felt all efforts paid off. B.She was too excited to say a word
C.She was doubtful about it. D.She was annoyed at being waken up.
2.How much was Donna rewarded for winning the Nobel Prize?
A.About $350,000. B.About $2.8million.
C.About $700,000. D.About $1.4 million.
3.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?
A.Strickland's achievements in physics.
B.The history of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
C.Strickland's struggle to win the Nobel Prize.
D.Three women winners of the Nobel Prize in Physics in history.
4.What does the underlined "it" in the last paragraph refer to?
A.The Nobel Prize in Physics.
B.The achievement of men physicists.
C.The celebration of the Nobel Prize winners.
D.Awarding women physicists the Nobel Prize in Physics.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
There is no doubt _____ Mo Yan, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature last year, has been _____ in writing for decades.
A. that; committed B. whether; committed
C. what; absorbed D. that; absorbed
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
US singer Bob Dylan was awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature, becoming the first songwriter ______ the honor.
A. winning B. having won
C. to win D. to be won
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
On October 10, 2014, Malala, 17, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for struggling for the right of children to education. Malala is the youngest Nobel winner in history.
Malala Yousafzai has never been ordinary. When she was just 11, she started blogging (写博客) about the Taliban takeover of her hometown of Mingora, Pakistan. Taliban members follow an extreme belief of Islam and forbid girls to go to school. Classrooms were closed for several months. Malala spoke out about her desire to go back to school. “All I want is an education,” she told one television broadcaster.
Malala was later able to return to class. But she continued to blog and speak out about girls’ right to education. On October 9, 2012, the Taliban tried to silence her. A gunman boarded her school bus and shot her in the head. Malala survived and showed great courage and optimism during her long recovery. At that time she became a symbol of the struggle for girls’ rights all over the world. Nine months after she was shot, she gave a now-famous speech at the United Nations. “They thought that the bullets (子弹) would silence us. But they failed,” she said. “And then, out of that silence came thousands of voices. … Weakness, fear and hopelessness died. Strength, power, and courage were born.”
Malala has also become an international symbol for peace. In 2011, she won Pakistan’s National Youth Peace Prize, which is now renamed the National Malala Peace Prize. Malala said the 2014 Nobel Prize was an “encouragement” to go forward to help kids. “I want to tell children all around the world that they should stand up for their rights,” she said. “This award is for all those children whose voices need to be heard.”
1.All the statements about Malala are true EXCEPT that _____.
A. she started blogging at the age of 11
B. it took her a long time to recover from the injury
C. Taliban tried to silence her but failed
D. she was born in1998 in Mingora, Pakistan.
2. How many peace prizes have gone to Malala so far according to the passage?
A.1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
3. When did Malala become a symbol for girls’ rights?
A. When she began writing her blogs.
B. Before Taliban wanted to kill her.
C. During her long recovery after the shot.
D. When she gave a speech in the UN.
4.We can learn from the passage that Malala is _____.
A. creative and outgoing B. strict and stubborn
C. simple and warm-hearted D. brave and determined
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
- This year’s Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded to two researchers from the United States and Japan for advances in discovering how the body’s immune system fights against cancer.
- Yes.____.
A. That’s a good point. B. It’s back in the news.
C. You can’t be serious. D. That’s quite something.
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
It was for his excellent work _____he had done lately ____ he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics.
A. that… which B. which … which C. that… / D. that … that
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
MoYan was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2012, ________made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.
A. it B. that
C. what D. which
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Having been awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature, _________.
A. Mo Yan’s years of effort was well deserved
B. his folks back at home were on top of the world.
C. the current network evaluation is full of envy and jealousy
D. Mo Yan felt that his years of effort paid off
高二英语单项填空简单题查看答案及解析
语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式(不多于3个单词)。
The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded Friday to India’s Kailash Satyarthi and Pakistan’s Malala Yousafzai for their struggles _1._________ the suppression(压迫)of children and for young people's rights, _2.____________(include) the right to education.
Yousafzai came to 3.___________ (globe) attention after she _4.__________(shoot) in the head by the Taliban two years ago for her efforts _5.__________(promote) education for girls in Pakistan.
Through her heroic struggle, Yousafzai has become a leading spokeswoman for girls’ rights to education. According to the Nobel committee, at 17 she’s the6.________(young) ever peace prize winner. “I’m proud that I’m the first Pakistani and the first young woman or the first young person 7.___________ gets this award,” she said in Birmingham, England.
She doesn’t believe that she deserves the award but considers _8._________ an encouragement to continue her campaign and to know that she isn’t9.__________.
Awarding the Peace Prize to a Pakistani Muslim and an Indian Hindu _10.__________(give) a message to people of love between Pakistan and India, and between different religions.
高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析