Lessons learned in past outbreaksThe novel co...

Lessons learned in past outbreaks

The novel coronavirus dominates(主导）the headlines as one of the world's most pressing issues.It has killed more people than the 2003 SARS outbreak,according to the World Health Organization（WHO).1.?

One of the biggest lessons from SARS was to share the latest information about the virus with the public and other countries in the world as quickly as possible.,2.,allowing scientists around the world to start developing a vaccine(疫亩）on Jan 12,according to Xinhua.

With experiences of fighting against SARS and MERS,many countries were also better prepared to stop the spread of coronavirus.3..During the 2012 MERS outbreak,research showed that infected camels caused the outbreak.According to the WHO,strict measures were enacted(实施）， restricting the sale of camels and camel products in the Arabian Peninsula.There were also mass health tests for all those in close contact with diseased animals.4.

In the fight against the novel coronavirus,China has also taken many effective measures to control the virus.Under the leadership and command of the central government,all provinces and municipalities(自治区）across the country have launched a Level One emergency response to the novel coronavirus.5..It is because of these effective measures that the epidemic has been constrained （限制）successfully within China,with the confirmed cases less than many other countries.

A.They also quickly isolated(隔离）those who were confirmed infected for medical care

B.Chinese health officials published the details of the new virus online

C.The number of infections overall in China are now far more than that of SARA

D.Following the measures,the number of the infected has dramatically decreased

E.The outbreak has killed many people since the first death was reported in Wuhan

F.But there is no better prevention than stopping the source

G.What can we learn from the past outbreaks,including SARS and MERS

高二英语七选五中等难度题查看答案及解析

语法填空

The novel coronavirus, which1.(origin)in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has now spread to 12 countries, has much in common 2. seasonal flu. They are both viral infections, share similar symptoms and crucially can spread from human to human. In the midst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere,3. (tell) the difference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread.

Human coronaviruses, of 4.there are four, can cause infections similar to flu: while many symptoms are mild, both can lead 5. pneumonia （肺炎）and become lethal（致命的）. However, the novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒） is 6.(serious) than a "typical influenza infection," says Ian Jones, a professor of virology at the University of Reading.

While the mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel coronavirus may end up being similar, humans' 7.(able) to fight off the viruses differ greatly.

Flu can spread from person to person from up to six feet away, 8.(large) caused by liquid emitted when the inflicted cough or sneeze. Those infected are usually contagious for around three days following the beginning of 9. illness, although this time-frame could stretch to over a week.

All this and more remains a mystery as for the new coronavirus. To understand the virility of the outbreak, Jones urges a focus 10.whether or not international cases lead to secondary infections. "If they don't," he explains, "it would suggest that the virus doesn't transmit quite so well: clearly all the people on the airplane (that traveled from an infected zone) didn't get it."

高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

The novel coronavirus(冠状病毒), which1.(originate)in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has now spread to many countries, has much in common 2. seasonal flu. They are both viral infections, share similar symptoms and crucially(关键地) can spread from human to human. In the midst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere, 3.(tell) the difference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread.

Human corona viruses, of 4. there are four, can cause respiratory (呼吸道)infections similar to flu: while many symptoms are mild, both can lead to pneumonia(肺炎) and become lethal(致命的). However, the novel corona virus is 5.(serious) than a “typical influenza infection,(流感)”says Ian Jones, a professor of virology at the University of Reading.

“This virus appears to go6.(far) down into the lungs than would generally be the case. Therefore, it will give you7. (symptom) of pneumonia(肺炎): the lungs becoming flooded, they don't function very well and the patient gets into breathing difficulty.”

While the mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel corona virus may end up being similar, humans' ability 8.(fight) off the viruses differs greatly.

Flu can spread from person to person from up to six feet away, 9.(large)caused by liquid emitted when the inflicted cough or sneeze. Those infected are usually contagious for around three days following the beginning of 10. illness, although this time-frame could stretch to over a week.

All this and more remains a mystery as for the new coronavirus.

高二英语语法填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

Many of us learn valuable lessons from our patients. I was 36  to learn one early in my career as a nurse. I have 37  her name, but she has influenced the way I treat many other patients.

I was working the 3-11 pm shift at a small hospital at that time. The patient was a 42-year-old woman who had 38  a heart attack. She was expected to stay in  39  for about two weeks before being sent home. She was 40  that she could not see her three young children. We did not 41  children into a hospital in those days.

Every evening, we would 42  our children. I had one daughter and I loved her so much that I could not 43  not seeing her every day. The patient was getting 44  and we both knew it wouldn’t be long before she would be home 45  her little ones again.

About a week later, she 46  me to sit with her for a while. I held her hand and she told me she was 47  and thought she might not see her kids again. I tried to let her know that her 48  so far had been great. It was 10:30 pm, almost time for the 49  of my work. I told her I had to hand in my 50  and that I would come back to her room.

Then I 51  with my friends. It wasn’t until I had got home that I realized I had forgotten to keep my promise. “That’s OK,” I thought, “I will spend 52  time with her tomorrow.”

The next day I was told that she had 53  at midnight. She wanted company and I let her down. She left the world quietly. If I had stayed in her room, would she be home surrounded by her 54  right now? I would never know. What I do know is this: I have 55  every patient’s request since that night.

1.                A．fortunate       B．afraid          C．smart    D．brave

2.                A．replaced        B．spread          C．asked    D．forgotten

3.                A．treated         B．suffered        C．checked D．damaged

4.                A．town           B．school          C．room     D．hospital

5.                A．delighted       B．calm           C．upset    D．hopeful

6.                A．need          B．allow           C．pull D．force

7.                A．talk about       B．look after       C．play with D．deal with

8.                A．imagine         B．avoid           C．enjoy    D．practice

9.                A．fatter          B．better          C．warmer   D．older

10.               A．between       B．against         C．with D．on

11.               A．asked          B．paid           C．permitted D．ordered

12.               A．relaxed        B．scared         C．confident D．honest

13.               A．attitude        B．method        C．progress   D．idea

14.               A．development    B．period         C．change    D．end

15.               A．homework      B．report          C．design    D．drawing

16.               A．argued         B．arrived         C．boarded   D．left

17.               A．extra          B．useful          C．valuable   D．little

18.               A．died           B．disappeared     C．escaped   D．agreed

19.               A．kids           B．patients        C．nurses    D．doctors

20.               A．learned from    B．looked for       C．cared about    D．made up

高二英语完型填空中等难度题查看答案及解析

The secret of successful response

The novel coronavirus(新冠状病毒)is an uncommon threat. We don't know how bad it will be, nor do we know for how long it will spread. But we do know that it has already infected (感染) more than 18,000 people and killed many around the world. It also caused serious global economic damage. We need to adapt our responses to different countries and different parts of the same country in order to limit damage. Using data well is essential to such a successful response.

Data is key to all successful public health programs. In New York City, we raised tobacco taxes and made all indoor public places smoke free. Smoking rates declined at first but then the decline stopped. Because we had a tracking system in place, we realised that progress had stopped. So, we produced strong and direct no tobacco ads to the public. Our programs quickly reduced adult and teenager smoking, preventing more than 10,0000 deaths.

Every country facing the coronavirus disease needs to strengthen their data systems to track diseases, investigate skillfully and respond fast and successfully. Fast action will save lives and save money. But building the capacity to do this isn't free. It will cost about $1 to $2 per person per year for at least 10 years --- at least 30 billion. That's a lot of money for public health, but it's a tiny part of the amount lost when we don't know what we need to know about health threats.

Getting he data right is hardly quick and never easy, but it is always very important if we want to respond successfully, limit spread, and protect our communities and economy.

1.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Novel coronavirus has killed people and damaged economy.

B.New York City succeeded in reducing smoking with data.

C.We need a lot of money to build the capacity of fast action.

D.Using data will cure people infected with novel coronavirus,

2.Why does the author talk about smoking in paragraph 2?

A.To warn us that smoking is harmful.

B.To suggest us how to reduce smoking.

C.To show the significant role of data.

D.To protect people's physical health.

3.What is the author's opinion on the building of the capacity of fast response?

A.It is too expensive and many countries cannot afford it.

B.It is worthwhile and necessary to develop such a capacity.

C.It supports communities and saves lives and saves money.

D.It requires a tiny part of the amount lost by heath threats.

4.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.The widespread of novel coronavirus has killed many people.

B.Using Data well is of vital importance to public health programs.

C.The importance of fighting against novel coronavirus.

D.The importance of raising tobacco taxes.

高二英语阅读选择中等难度题查看答案及解析

Birds don’t need lessons in building nests. Fish don’t need coaching to learn how to swim. All animals have instincts. They’re born with natural abilities to do certain things. Wild animals also learn by copying their parents and practicing. And pets learn through training.

But instincts and training aren’t the only keys to animals’ behavior. Scientists say animals’ thoughts and feelings also influence their actions. Animals often make choices, plans, and sensible changes. They can help others and solve problems. Some even make and use tools!

If animals could talk, what would they say about their thoughts and feelings? A gorilla (大猩猩) born in captivity (关在笼子里) has helped answer that question. Koko, a gorilla, was taught to use sign language . She has learned hundreds of words!

Koko once had a pet cat she named All Ball. “Koko love Ball,” she signed. “Soft good cat.” One time, she blamed the cat for biting her by signing “You bad dirty toilet!” When her pet died, Koko cried. “Sad for sleeping cat,” she signed.

Koko calls herself  “fine animal gorilla”. She uses sign language to argue, joke, and ask and answer questions.

“Most animals can’t use words to tell us their thoughts,” says Dr. Jonathan Balcombe. “But Koko shows us that animals have their own ideas and feelings.” Dr. Balcombe is a scientist at the Humane Society of the United States. He says there’s even more to discover about animals through field studies. In field studies, people watch animals in their natural environment.

“Scientists who study animals’ natural behaviors learn how animals live and think,” Balcombe says. “That knowledge can help others respect every animal who shares the planet with us.”

1.The underlined word “instincts” in the first paragraph probably refers to the ability that _____.

A. animals copy their parents   B. animals learn by practicing

C. animals are born with       D. animals learn through training

2.

3.

4.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced (测定序列)the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, pharmaceutical (制药的) companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously (同时地)to develop a vaccine. “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera. “The　　　　　　　　 bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient (有适应力的) we’ll be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future.”

Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more critical in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated (合作的) approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics (疗法) very rapidly.”

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming (补偿的) factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1.What does the article mainly talk about?

A.Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.

B.Something positive we’ve learned from the epidemic.

C.The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

D.What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2.What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?

A.They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.

B.They helped remove people’s fear of the virus.

C.They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.

D.They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.

3.What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in the text?

A.To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B.To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

C.To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.

D.To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

4.What does the underlined word “critical” in paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.expressing disapproval.

B.extremely important.

C.serious, uncertain and possibly dangerous.

D.making fair, careful judgments.

5.Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A.Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.

B.The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

C.No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D.The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.

高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析

During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this "open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced （测定序列）the DNA of the virus. But they didn't keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, pharmaceutical companies across the globe arc now able to work at the same time to develop a vaccine （疫苗）."There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,” Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazccra. "The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient （有 适应 力的）we'll be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future."

Major drug companies around the world arc also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, is found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavinis. Currently, two trials of the drug arc already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more important in the future. “With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent,” Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics （疗法）very rapidly.”

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming （补偿的）factor of the COVID-19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1.What does the article mainly talk about?

A.Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.

B.Something positive we've learned from the epidemic.

C.The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

D.What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2.What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?

A.They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.

B.They helped remove people's fear of the virus.

C.They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.

D.They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.

3.What is the author's purpose of mentioning Remdesivir in the text?

A.To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B.To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

C.To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries-

D.To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

4.Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A.Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.

B.The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

C.No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D.The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Due to the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia （NCP）, people all over the world are wearing masks to reduce the risk of infection. It's a very simple but incredibly effective method to protect oneself from a variety of harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind for centuries. Let's take a look at some mask-related history.

1st century

In that era, many people in Roman Empire worked underground in mines to support their families. But most of them suffered from and even eventually died of respiratory （呼吸的） illnesses. To address this problem, Pliny the Elder （23-79 AD）, a Roman philosopher and naturalist, recommended the use of animal bladder （膀胱）skins to stop dust from being breathed in. Although primitive, his idea was considered the very first recorded mask invention.

16th century

Early inventions did not stop with Pliny. Many centuries later, Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci （1452-1519）, proposed using a woven cloth dipped in water over the face to protect against the poisonous chemicals.

19th century

The design of the mask look a big step forward in the 19th century. In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent （注册专利）a protective mask for miners, which was a milestone in face mask history. Masks at this stage were similar to gas masks. Later, in 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz-Radccki designed a simple mask composed of one layer of gauze （纱中1）, recommending medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. That was the first recorded use of a surgical mask.

20th century

In 1910. an epidemic broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called "Wu's mask". Made of two layers of surgical gauze, it could be wrapped around the back of the head and tied in a knot. This mask was praised by experts around the world, as it was simple to manufacture （制作）and had a low production cost. Modem exploration

With several outbreaks of infectious diseases and the flu. and the rise of pollution caused by industrial waste, the materials in masks have continued to evolve to better protect its wearer. For example, in 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN90. which can filter out this fine particulate （微 粒）mailer, became highly popular. In the future. masks will continue to improve, hopefully so will the habits of humans.

1.According to the text, why were masks invented?

A.To reduce the risk of infection.

B.To protect miners from dust.

C.To indicate patients with respiratory illnesses.

D.To protect workers from harmful chemicals.

2.What was considered a milestone in face mask history?

A.Using a woven cloth instead of animal skins.

B.Getting a patent on protective masks for miners.

C.The invention of surgical masks in 1897.

D.Using more than one layer of surgical gauze.

3."Wu's mask" grew popular around the world because.

A.it could be used multiple times B.it was simple for people to wear

C.it was cheap and easy to manufacture D.it could better protect people from smog

4.What is the text mainly about?

A.The evolution of masks. B.The benefits of using masks.

C.A comparison of different masks. D.The roles masks played at different times.

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析

Learning, Fast and Deep

Over the past five years researchers in artificial intelligence have become the rock stars of the technology world. A branch of AI known as deep learning, which uses neural(神经的) networks to scan through large volumes of data looking for patterns, has proven so useful that skilled practitioners can command high six-figure salaries to build software for Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google.

The standard route into these jobs has been a PhD in computer science from one of America’s top universities. Earning one takes years and requires a personality suited to academia, which is rare among more normal folk.

That is changing.

Last month fast.ai, a non-profit education organization based in San Francisco, kicked off the third year of its course in deep learning. Since its foundation it has attracted more than 100,000 students around the globe from India to Nigeria. The course and others like it, come with a simple idea: there is no need to spend years obtaining a PhD in order to practise deep learning. Creating software that learns can be taught as a craft, not as a high intellectual pursuit to be undertaken only in an ivory tower. Fast.ai’s course can be completed in just seven weeks.

To make it accessible to anyone who wants to learn how to build AI software is the aim of Jeremy Howard, who founded fast.ai with Rachel Thomas, a mathematician. He says school mathematics is sufficient. “No. Greek. Letters,” Mr. Howard intones, pounding the table with his fist for punctuation.

Some experts worry that this will serve only to create a flood of unreliable AI systems which will be useless at best and dangerous at worst. In the earliest days of the Internet, only a select few nerds, namely computerholics with specific skills, could build applications. Not many people used them. Then the invention of the World Wide Web led to an explosion of web pages, both good and bad. But it was only by opening up to all that the Internet gave birth to online shopping, instant global communications and search. If Mr. Howard and others have their way, making the development of AI software easier will bring forth a new crop of fruit of a different kind.

1.What can we learn about deep learning?

A.It replaces artificial intelligence.

B.It attracts rock stars to practice.

C.It scans patterns for large companies.

D.It helps technicians to create software.

2.Fast.ai is an organization that __________________.

A.ensures one to obtain a PhD B.teaches craft in ivory tower

C.offers a course in deep learning D.requires weeks to apply

3.The underlined words “No. Greek. Letters”in Paragraph 5 means doing fast.ai course is _______.

A.easy B.difficult

C.interesting D.boring

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.

A.it is quite reliable for anyone to grasp artificial intelligence

B.the Internet has brought forth a flood of useless AI systems

C.opening up to all leads to instant global search and online shopping

D.simplifying software development may result in unexpected outcomes

高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析