Life in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window.These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach.Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.Sonke Johnsen,a scientist in biology,says,“These animals live through their life alone.They never touch anything unless they’re eating it,or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass.How does an animal become see-through?It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light.Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter(散射)light,bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light,stopping it dead in its tracks.Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it,so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light,at least not very much.Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water.You don’t see it—you see the things behind it.
To become transparent,an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素)that absorb specific colors of light.But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments,so its tissues won’t absorb light.According to Johnsen,avoiding absorption is actually easy.The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials—skin,fat,and more—and light moves through each at a different speed.Every time light moves into a material with a new speed,it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering.Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat.Without much tissue to scatter light,it is easier to be see-through.Others build a large,clear mass of non-living jelly-like(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it.
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge,because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.They need to look uniform.But how they’re doing it is still unknown.One thing is clear for these larger animals,staying transparent is an active process.When they die,they turn a non-transparent milky white.
1.According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals .
A. stay in groups
B. can be easily damaged
C. appear only in deep ocean
D. are beautiful creatures
2.The underlined word“dead”in Paragraph 3 means .
A. silently
B. gradually
C. regularly
D. completely
【小题3One way for an animal to become transparent is to .
A. change the direction of light travel
B. gather materials to scatter light
C. avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light
3.The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals .
A. move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D. take effective action to reduce light spreading
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题
Life in the Clear Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window.These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach.Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.Sonke Johnsen,a scientist in biology,says,“These animals live through their life alone.They never touch anything unless they’re eating it,or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass.How does an animal become see-through?It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light.Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter(散射)light,bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light,stopping it dead in its tracks.Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it,so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light,at least not very much.Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water.You don’t see it—you see the things behind it.
To become transparent,an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素)that absorb specific colors of light.But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments,so its tissues won’t absorb light.According to Johnsen,avoiding absorption is actually easy.The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials—skin,fat,and more—and light moves through each at a different speed.Every time light moves into a material with a new speed,it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering.Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat.Without much tissue to scatter light,it is easier to be see-through.Others build a large,clear mass of non-living jelly-like(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it.
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge,because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.They need to look uniform.But how they’re doing it is still unknown.One thing is clear for these larger animals,staying transparent is an active process.When they die,they turn a non-transparent milky white.
1.According to Paragraph 1,transparent animals .
A. stay in groups
B. can be easily damaged
C. appear only in deep ocean
D. are beautiful creatures
2.The underlined word“dead”in Paragraph 3 means .
A. silently
B. gradually
C. regularly
D. completely
【小题3One way for an animal to become transparent is to .
A. change the direction of light travel
B. gather materials to scatter light
C. avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light
3.The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals .
A. move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D. take effective action to reduce light spreading
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process B. attention C. measure D. part
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
Let me tell you, Johnson, this is going to be the biggest development in animal-imitative cybernetics (动物模仿控制学) since Hayes pioneered the field way back in 2014. Everybody’s going to want a piece of my discovery! Everyone! Even United States of Earth Defense! I’m going to be the richest man alive!
I can see you don’t share my excitement yet. Just wait, old friend. Accompany me to my lab, and we will see who has the last laugh. You’ll be begging me to take you on as a lab assistant after I...Oh, here we are. You first, my good man. You see, I had already come up with the perfect cybernetic engine, able to copy any life form. The question was, which creature would be the best show of my discovery? I’ve used a life form nobody’s considered for cybernetics. It is powerful, graceful, intelligent, and best of all people love it. I chose the tiger!
Go on, have a glance! Ha! Don’t look so shocked, Johnson. I leave it powered down when I’m not testing it. It is rather great, though. Yes, all the latest technology, including claws ( 爪 ) I had made from vanadium alloy(合金). It cuts through steel like its wet cardboard. The process that I used to get its mind in the computer will be enough to ensure me fame and fortune.
Huh? It did move, didn’t it? I guess I left it on yesterday. No, don’t look so nervous; I can shut off its main power with this remote(遥控器)right here. Nothing to worry about. I really don’t think it’s regarding you as a meal. Be reasonable, old...Oh, God! Johnson! The remote, where is it? Where?!
Ah, there we go! Too late to save Johnson, though. What a pity. Better safe than sorry. There! God, what a mess. Even worse, I can’t call the police now; the bad publicity would overshadow my breakthrough, and certainly frighten the investors. I’ve got to get rid of the body secretly, somehow. I could bury it, but I might be seen. I could burn it, but the smoke would be very doubtful. What to do?
What to...
I wonder...How fast can this cat eat?
1.What’s the author’s attitude towards his invention?
A. Proud. B. Disappointed.
C. Cheerful. D. Astonished.
2.It can be inferred that the invention in the passage is a____.
A. surprise B. success
C. failure D. wonder
3.According to the passage, what was the worst result of this invention?
A. He couldn’t get rid of his friend’s body. B. The robot tiger killed his friend.
C. He couldn’t control the robot tiger. D. The robot tiger had to be improved.
4.What does the last sentence “I wonder...How fast can this cat eat” suggest?
A. The writer wanted to know if he could find a cat to eat John’s body.
B. The writer wondered how fast this cat could eat a person.
C. The writer wanted to test whether this machine tiger is powerful enough.
D. The writer wanted to cover up the facts that his experiment is a failure.
高二英语阅读理解困难题查看答案及解析
It was in so poor light that I couldn't _________ what the newspaper said.
A. cry out B. let out C. speak out D. make out
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
It was in so poor light that I couldn't _________ what the newspaper said.
A.make out B.let out C.speak out D.cry out
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
请根据以下提示,并结合生活学习实际,用英语写一篇短文。
There is a crack (裂痕)in everything, so is our life, that’s how the light gets in.(Leonard Cohen, Canadian singer). We all possibly make a mistake, but what matters most is how to make use of the mistake to get improved.
注意:1.无需写标题,不得照抄英语提示语;
2.除诗歌外,文体不限;
3.文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称;
4.字数为120词左右。
高二英语书面表达中等难度题查看答案及解析
My wife passed away a few years ago, and I went through the worst time in my life. I even wanted to kill myself. Just for my kids, I had to continue to live and work as a small town doctor at my medical clinic in Hawaii. My kids had gone to live on the mainland, and I was alone. Then they asked me to have a family trip.
On our trip, we turned on the TV at the motel and saw the second plane crash into the World Trade Center. Seeing it falling down, I said to my kids:“ I'm going to Afghanistan.”And a few weeks later, International Medical Corps sent me to set up 20 clinics in provinces where people had no health care. In these field clinics surrounded by frightening shoots or deadly bombs ,we were eventually serving 27,000 patients a month in a very busy schedule.Tired and nervous, I gradually had a sense of achievement, a sense of purpose, and my depression went away.
In the years to follow, I went to Indonesia after the tsunami (海啸), Pakistan after the earthquakes, Sudan after the civil war, and Iraq after more and more bombs. Each time after disasters one after another, hundreds of people were killed, wounded and many more had to flee. We once set up movable clinics in an area with 19,000 refugees,_and it was supposed to hold 13,000 originally. Flu broke out, one of the biggest killers of kids in refugee camps, and it spread like wildfire. Water and food were also serious problems. “Adventure or not?”I often asked myself.
When my wife passed away, I thought my life was gone. But in reality, it was just getting started. At the end of her life, she went unconscious. I held her head in my hands and told her of all the places we would visit and the exciting adventures we would have.
I thought about the moment many times during my“adventures”. I didn't know how predictive those words would be,but I knew that she was still with me.
1.Where has the doctor been in the past few years?
A.Some countries where he could set up clinics.
B.Some African countries where flu broke out.
C.The places where the earthquakes happened.
D.The places that the horrible disasters struck.
2.How would the doctor describe his life after he had worked in Afghanistan?
A.Tired and troublesome. B.Busy and risky.
C.Meaningful and helpful. D.Frightening and depressing.
3.The underlined word“ refugees” means people________.
A.who are robbed, killed, or wounded B.who suffer from flu in movable clinics
C.who like to take adventures D.who have lost homes because of disasters
4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The doctor's wife encouraged him to work in foreign countries.
B.What the doctor said to his wife before her death became reality.
C.The doctor's adventures made him understand the love of his wife.
D.With the true love of his wife, the doctor started to change his life.
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
A society was set up to __________ the endangered animals and plant life from dying out in this area.
A. reserve B. preserve
C. observe D. deserve
高二英语单项填空中等难度题查看答案及解析
The goings-on in the consulting room have become more transparent(透明的)recently. Thank goodness. We know more than the lines supplied by the movies in which the therapist knows all and gives wisdom to those who, sitting on a couch, consult with them. Therapists are interested in how the individual, the couple or the family experiences and understands their difficulties. That has to be a starting place. We can be of value if our first port of call is to listen, to gradually feel ourselves into the shoes of the other, to absorb the feelings that are being conveyed and to think and then to say some words.
The thinking and talking that I do inside the consulting room is at odds with many features of ordinary conversation. Not that it is mysterious, but it isn't concerned with traditional ways of sharing or identifying. The therapist makes patterns and theories, but they are also reflecting on the words that are spoken, how they are delivered and how the words, once spoken, affect the speaker and the therapist themselves.
Words can give voice to previously unknown feelings and thoughts. That’s why it’s called the talking cure. But just as words reveal so, too, can they obscure, and this gets us to the listening and feeling part of the therapy. Whatever and however the words are delivered, they will have an impact on me as a therapist. I might feel hopeless, I might feel energized, I might feel pushed away, I might feel demanded of, I might feel pulled to find solutions.
The influence of the other is what makes any relationship possible or impossible. A therapist is trained to reflect on how those who consult with them affect them. As I try to step into the shoes of the other and then out again, my effort is to hold both those experiences, plus an awareness of my ease or discomfort with what I encounter in the relationship.
Feelings are the bread and butter of our work in the consulting room. They inform or modify our ideas and they enable us to find an emotional bridge to what can so hurt for the people we are working with. Along with the more commonly thought-about theories and ideas we have about the psyche, they are an essential part of the therapist's toolkit, certainly for me. The talking cure means talking, yes. It also means the therapist is listening, thinking and feeling.
1.In which way is the thinking and talking the writer does different from ordinary conversation?
A. It may not be understood by patients.
B. It is full of terms used by most therapists.
C. It is a good reflection of traditional talking.
D. It involves thinking about how people speak.
2.The word" obscure"(paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to________.
A. cancel B. clarify
C. confirm D. conceal
3.Which of the following is the writer most likely to agree with?
A. Patients' influence has been neglected by therapists for too long a time.
B. Therapists need to think from their own perspectives as well as patients'.
C. It is no easy job for therapists to realize how uncomfortable their patients are.
D. Therapists had better push away those negative emotions acquired from patients.
4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Awareness of feelings B. It’s good to talk—and listen
C. Theories that help therapists D. What is the point of being a therapist
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析
Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.
Nitrogen(氮)and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi(真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons(神经元)in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.
Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.
“We didn't take any notice of it .” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
1.What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection
C. Trees Contribute To Our Society
D. Trees Are More Complex Than You Think
2.In Simard's opinion, trees _______
A. compete for survival
B. protect their own wealth
C. depend on each other
D. provide support for dying trees
3.We can learn from the passage that____________.
A. “mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees.
B. Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard.
C. if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected.
D. people know much about the complex “tree societies”.
4.The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to_________.
A. how “tree societies” work
B. how trees grow old
C. how forestry industry develops
D. how young trees survive
高二英语阅读理解中等难度题查看答案及解析